13th Declared slavery illegal in the USA
14th Gave citizenship to slaves and “DUE PROCESS”
15th Gave slaves/citizens the right to vote
(men over 21 yrs.)
16th Creates the Federal Income Tax provisions
17th Provides for the direct election of Senators
18th Started PROHIBITION
19th Provides women the right to vote (suffrage)
20th Term of President & VP to end on January 20th
21st Ends PROHIBITION
24th Eliminated POLL TAX as a requirement to vote
26th Extends the right to vote to 18 yr. olds
•
•
EARLY BRITISH COLONIES
Settlements by the early European
colonist was always by water;trade &
transportion.
Beginning in the early 1600s, the English
established colonies along the
eastern coast of North America
• Joint-stock
companies* formed
by English merchants to find new
markets for their goods. Pooling the
money of many investors for large
projects, such as establishing
colonies.
•
•
•
1607: Jamestown was first to be
settled. Charter GUARANTEED them
the same rights as Englishmen in Great
Britain/England.
John Smith led this group of settlers
Colony struggled at first, then was saved
by Tobacco crop
John Rolfe, a Jamestown
colonist, developed a strain of
tobacco, that was marketable in
England. The Jamestown colonist soon
began growing large quantities of
tobacco for profit – known as a
CASH CROP.
Gutenberg Printing Press 1450
PURITAN, OR “PILGRIM”
• The 16th century
Reformation caused a
split in the Christian
Church; Catholics and
Protestants
• One extreme group of
Protestant reformers –
the Puritans sought to
cleanse or “purify”
their religion of all
traces of Catholicism
Some Puritans called SEPARTISTS, broke away
from the Anglican Church to start their own
congregations. So, in 1608, one group of
Separatist, who became known as PILGRIMS,
fled to Holland, unhappy there, they decided to
immigrate to AMERICA.
The Pilgrims set sail for America on the
MAYFLOWER in 1620 and settled in Plymouth.
They Established the MAYFLOWER COMPACT.
It was an agreement signed in 1620 by the
Pilgrims to consult each other about the laws
for the colony. It was the first form of
self-government in the Americas.
The Mayflower Compact
November 11, 1620
The Mayflower Compact
November 11, 1620
Written and signed before the
Pilgrims disembarked from the ship.
Not a constitution, but an agreement
to form a crude govt. and submit to
majority rule. (remember; first form of
self government in the colonies)
 Signed by 41 adult males.
 NO WoMen
Led to adult male settlers meeting in
assemblies to make laws in town
meetings.
That First Year….
Winter of 1620-1621
 Only 44 out of the original 102 survived.
None chose to leave in 1621 when the
Mayflower sailed back.
Fall of 1621  First “Thanksgiving.”
 Colony survived with fur [especially
beaver], fish, and lumber.
Plymouth stayed small and economically
unimportant.
 1691  only 7,000 people
 Merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony.
COLONISTS MEET
RESISTANCE
• New England Colonists
(Puritans) soon
conflicted with the
Native Americans over
land & religion
• King Philip’s War
was fought in 1675
between the Natives
and Puritans ending a
year later with many
dead and the Natives
retreating
King Philip’s War (1675-1676}
Only hope for Native
Americans to resist
white settlers was to
UNITE.
Metacom Leader of the
Native Americans
 united
Indians and staged
coordinated attacks
on white settlements throughout New
England.
 Frontier settlements forced to retreat to
Boston.
King Philip’s War (1675-1676}
The war ended in failure for the Indians
 Metacom beheaded and drawn and quartered.
 His son and wife sold into slavery.
 Never a serious threat in New England again!!
NORTHERN COLONIES
COMMERCE THRIVES
• The development of cities,
expansion of trade, and
diverse economies gradually
made the North radically
different from the South
• Philly was the 2nd largest
British port, fishing &
whaling and lumbering
was big; shipbuilding
• Farming differed from the
South: smaller, more diverse
crops in North, colder
weather & rocky
terrain limited farming
LIBERTY BELL
(subsistence farming)
SETTLING THE MIDDLE COLONIES
• Dominated by Dutch
and Quaker settlers,
the Middle Colonies
were founded in the
mid-1600s
• William Penn led
Quakers as they
colonized
Pennsylvania and
Delaware
Quakers believed that religion was a personal experience
that did not need churches or ministers. They objected
to all political and religious authority & advocated
PACIFISM – Opposition to war or violence as a
means of resolving conflict.
The MIDDLE COLONIES contained some of North America’s most
FERTILE FARMLAND.
Most farmers produced surplus crops that they could sell for profit.
WHEAT became the region’s most important CASH CROP.
The rivers in the Middle Colonies allowed farmers to transport their
products to ships on the Atlantic coast.
During the early 1700s, Europe experienced a population explosion. The
explosion created a huge demand for wheat to feed the booming
population. The demand caused wheat prices to soar, making the Middle
Colonies prosperous.
The Middle Colonies were known as the BREAD BASKET of the
colonies.
Some colonist became wealthy as ENTREPRENEURS- who raised their
money by buying land, equipment, & supplies to the new immigrants for
profit. The WHEAT BOOM created a new group of
CAPITALISTS who had money to invest in new business.
Why didn’t the Southern Colonies
have Big Cities, Manufacturing or a
lot of roads?
1. Plantations
2. Cash crops – TOBACCO, Indigo & Rice
3. Waterways for travel & trade
___1. Founder of the most tolerant & democratic
of the middle colonies
___2. Reformer whose religious ideas inspired
English Puritans, Scotch Presbyterians,
French Huguenots, & Dutch reformed
___3. Religious group persecuted in
Massachusetts and New York but not in
Pennsylvania
___4. Dominant religious group in Massachusetts Bay
___5. Promoter of Massachusetts Bay as a holy “city
upon a hill”
___6. Small colony that eventually merged into
Massachusetts Bay
___7. Conqueror of New Sweden who later lost New
Netherland to the English
___1. Extends the right to vote to 18 year olds
___2. Declares slavery illegal in the USA.
___3. Provides women the right to vote
(Suffrage).
___4. Creates the Federal Income Tax Provisions
___5. Provides for direct election of Senators
___6. Eliminated POLL TAX as requirement to vote
___7. Gave citizenship to slaves & due process
___8. Gave slaves/citizens the right to vote
(over 21 yrs.)
___1. Extends the right to vote to 18 year olds
___2. Declares slavery illegal in the USA.
___3. Provides women the right to vote
(Suffrage).
___4. Creates the Federal Income Tax Provisions
___5. Provides for direct election of Senators
___6. Eliminated POLL TAX as requirement to vote
___7. Gave citizenship to slaves & due process
___8. Gave slaves/citizens the right to vote
(over 21 yrs.)
___1. Extends the right to vote to 18 year olds
___2. Declares slavery illegal in the USA.
___1. Founder of the most tolerant & democratic
of the middle colonies
___2. Reformer whose religious ideas inspired
English Puritans, Scotch Presbyterians,
French Huguenots, & Dutch reformed
___3. Provides women the right to vote
(Suffrage).
___3. Religious group persecuted in
Massachusetts and New York but not in
Pennsylvania
___4. Creates the Federal Income Tax Provisions
___4. Dominant religious group in Massachusetts Bay
___5. Promoter of Massachusetts Bay as a holy “city
upon a hill”
___5. Provides for direct election of Senators
___6. Small colony that eventually merged into
Massachusetts Bay
___6. Eliminated POLL TAX as requirement to vote
___7. Conqueror of New Sweden who later lost New
Netherland to the English
___7. Gave citizenship to slaves & due process
___8. Gave slaves/citizens the right to vote
(over 21 yrs.)