Chapter Ten
English for International Shipping Business and Writing
• Part One Logbook （第一次授课内容）
• Before you read
1.What do know about the logbook ？
2. What should be entered into logbooks ？ Logbook
5. What about the style of the
Logbook?
3.Do you know how many kinds of logbooks are used onboard ？
4. In case of mis-entry in the log ， how to correct it ？

Part One Logbook
1. Have a picture talk with the following words logbook [
5lR^bJk
] n . 航海日志 produce [ prE5dju:s
] vt . 出示 erasure [ i5reiVE
] n . 刮擦，删掉 signature [
5si^nitFE
] n . 签字 harbour [ 5hB:bE ] n. 港口

•
Introduction
•
Logbook is used to record the full, daily events occurring during the ship’s stay in a harbour, at anchorage, or underway. It is a legal record required by law. It may be requested to produce evidences in case of official inquires about accidents. Therefore everything recorded in it must be true and accurate.
In case a misentry has been made in the log, a red line should be drawn on the parts and the correct entry with signature should be made near or above them. No erasures or cuts are to be allowed.

engine
• 1.1 Port entry room
• 0830 Notified E.R to change oil.
anchorage
• 0900 S/B eng., half ah’d.
• 0925 St’d anchor ready, stopped eng.
• 0930 Dropped anchor at Q’tine anchorage,
• AP North L.H 293 T, 3′ off.
锚抓牢
• 0938 Brought up with 4 shkls in water.
• 0940 F/W eng.
• 1000 Inspected Party boarded,
• 1010 pratique granted.
• 1020 Plt Mr M Kassin boarded

• 1025 S/B eng.
• 1026 Started heaving anchor,
• 1032 Anchor aweigh.
• 1033 Half ah’d.
• 1059 P’d B.W.E., stationed F & A.
•
• 1105 Took tug Satex on St’d bow, using eng.
And tug var’ly at Capt.and Plt orders
• 1132 F’d spring on bollard, 1134 VSL in position.
•
• 1135 Made her fast port alongside
Di Pietia. Plt & inspection party left.
• 1137 F/W eng.

• 1.2 Port departure
•
• 1200 Bridge controls & steering gear tested
& found good.
• 1230 Plt Mr Green Boarded.
•
• 1235 Stationed F & A for leaving port.
• 1240 Took Tug Ever on st’d bow & Tug
掉其他缆绳
Ana on st’d quarter.
)
• 1241 S/B eng.
• 1245 Single up F& A.
• 1248 Cast off all lines.

• 1250 Picked up Anchor.
•
• 1252 Proceeded to sea at Capt
& Plt orders, using eng.
• & tugs var’ly as required.
• 1259 P’d B.W.E.
•
• 1312 Entrance Buoy 035T 1′.5 off, let go tugs.
•
• 1325 Entrance Light Vessel beamed port.
Stopped eng. & Tug Ever took plt off.
• 1326 Eng. full ah’d, dismissed stations F & A.
• 1330 R/up eng.

• 1.3 Steaming at sea
•
• 2330 P’d Conventry L. H. on 090T 4′off & S/C on 120. log 0′.0.
•
• M.N. Fine but c. w/r, sea slight. Rounds made, all’s well. Regulation L’ts strictly observed.
• DR 50- 30.6N 00112.4W,log 7′.5.
• 0010 Cape Roodi port ab’m.,11′.8 off.
• 0230 Hoggy I. brg 045, 20′.2 off, A/C 250.
• 0400 Fine, sea mod, Rounds made & all’s well.
• DR 50-00.2N 00140.0W, log 67′.2
• 0632 Nav fix 49-50.2N 002-15.1W.
•
• 0650 DR 49-50.0N 002-20.0W, A/C 225.
Reset log showing 113′.0.
•
• 0800 Strong br’ze & dull o’cast w/r, sea v. rough.
DR 49-39.4N 00226.6W.Log 18′.20.

• Noon Near gale sprung up & sea heaped up.
•
• A/C 230 & reset log showing76′.3.
• 1500 Fresh Br’ze & sea mod.
Fire drills. Emergency equip.
• & apparatus tested.
• 1600 Drills finished, all found good.
•
• Str’g br’ze & sea rough, log 66′.2.
• 1846 Stellar ob’n fix 48-17.2 N 004-06.7W.
• 2000 Strong br’ze & o’cast, sea v.rough.
Nav. trouble, repaired and tested

•
•
• O.K DR 48-06.3N 004-18.3W.
Regulation L’t strictly attended to.
Rounds made found well, log128′.3.
•
•
•
• M.N. Strong gale & sea high, with heavy rain at times. VSL labouring roughly & shipping seas on F deck. Capt inspected all over the VSL, log 188′.1.
•
•
• 0400 Gale abated and sea mod.
Round made and nothing found, log 246′.3.
•
• 0800 Mod br’ze & small waves.
Met with Co’s MV Blue Stream on
Stb’d 3′.0 off .

• 1.4 Cargo operations
•
•
•
• 1040 Com’ced discharging cargo with two cranes as follows:
NO.1 crane 1040-1740, rubber in bales.
No.2 crane 1150-1710, bagged rice.
Com’ced bunkering
• Noon Gentle breeze and fine clear wr.
•
•
• Moderate breeze & fine to cloudy wr.
• 1610 Completed bunkering & supplied 121.9 M/T of D.
• Oil & 1509.9 M/T of F. Oil.
• 1710 Stop’d discharging cargo owing to crane trouble.
• 1805 Resumed cargo work.
No.1 crane 1900 finished rubber, com’ced timber board.
NO.2 crane 1845 finished rice, com’ced soya meal.

• Moderate breeze & blue sky.
• M.N. Continued cargo work through the night .
Rounds made. All’s well.
•
• 0100 Kept discharging & com’ced loading cargo as follows:
No.1 crane 0100 finished T.board, com’ced fertilizer.
• No.2 crane 0250 finished soya meal, com’ced l’dg bagged talc.
• 0400 Near gale sprang up. Rounds made. All’s well.
• 0800 Winds abated, drizzling at times.
• Noon Dull o’cast wr. Received provisions.

•
• 1530 Tested & inspected the steering systems
& other navigational equipments & found
• them in good condition. L’dg & unl’dg finished.
• 1600 Gentle breeze & o’cast wr. Covered up &
•
•
• lashed dangerous cargo on fore deck.
• 1645 Completed cargo work in this port.
Inspected each hold & compartment containing hazardous materials & found them
• in good condition.
•
• 1700 Hands striking derricks, battening down hatches
& clearing up decks.

• 1.5 Dock entry
• 0805 Dock master Mr. Sumsang boarded.
•
• 0815 Stationed for entering dry dock, took tug T1301 on bow, T1404 on starb’d q’ter
• and T1571 on p. q’ter respecteively.
• 0820 Proceeded to dry dock under tow of above tugs.
• 0845 Approaching dock entrance, let go tugs.
• 0850 Set out shore lines. P’d dock gate.
• 0910 Made her fast to No.1 dry dock.

• 0915 Closed dock caisson
• 0920 Started pumping out water.
• 1100 VSL took keel blocks, began shoring up.
•
• 1500 Having finished shoring, dock hands com’ced washing and
• cleaning vsl’s sides.
• 1520 Dock dried up.
•
• All officers inspected VSL’s bottom and rudder.
• 1630 Screwed off bottom plugs of all double bottom tanks and rudder.

• 1640 Lifted up rudder.
• 1650 Ranged down both anchor cables on dock floor.
• 1700 Surveyor Mr. Kern surveyed hull, rudder, anchors and cables.
• 1720 Com’ced flooding the dock.
• 1800 VSL floated.
• 1830 Stationed for undocking. Dock Master MR. Sumsang boarded.
• 1840 Took Tug T1301 on stern, and started to haul her out.

• 1850 Cleared dock gate.
• 1900 Took anchor tug T1401
• on bow and proceeded to the wharf.
• 1945 Sent shore lines out.
•
• 1955 Made fast to No.2 Wharf with her portside and finished undocking.
• 2000 Dock Master and dock hands left VSL.
• 2050 Dismissed the station.

• AP: anchor position 锚位
• bring up 抓牢
• inspection party 联检人员组
• heave anchor 绞锚
• aweigh [ E5wei ] adj . ( 指锚 ) 刚离开水面的
• station [ 5steiFEn ] vt . 安排（瞭望，值班等）
• take tug 系带拖船
• make her fast 将（船）系牢
• bridge controls & steering gear 驾驶台控制与操作
装置
• single up …to… 解成单绑， to 后接具体缆绳名称

• R/up eng. ring up engine 主机定速
• rounds [raundz] n. 巡视 , 巡逻
• regulation L’t 规则规定的航行灯
• dull o’cast (dull overcast) 阴天
• spring up （风等）突起
• heap up 堆积，堆起
• fire drills 消防演习
• stellar [ 5stelE ] adj . 星的，星球的
• shipping seas 甲板上浪
• abate [ E5beit ] vt . 使 ( 数量、程度等 ) 减少 ,
减轻 , 缓和 , 打折扣

• rubber in bales 捆装橡胶
• M/T: Metric Tonne 公吨
• Soya meal 豆渣
• fertilizer [ 5fE:ti7laizE ] n . 化肥
• hazardous materials 危险货物
• strike derricks 落放吊杆
• batten down 封舱
• Dock Master 坞长
• dry dock 干船坞
• dock caisson 坞门

• keel block 坞墩
• bottom plug 海底阀
• rang down 把 …… 排列在 ……
• undock [ 5Qn5dCk ] vat . 出坞
• haul [ hC:l ] vat . & vi . 拖，拉
• Notes
• 1. And tug var’ly at Capt.and Plt orders
• 拖轮根据船长和引水员的命令用车速度不定。
• 2. rough 巨浪 （ =very rough sea ）
• 3. received provisions （给）船舶补给了食品
（伙食）。

Ship’s Derricks

• 1. 综合知识
•
Gyro C 陀螺航向。用三位数表示，不足三位数时用 0 补齐。
•
Gyro E 陀螺罗经差。精确到小数点后 1 位数字。
•
Comp C 磁罗经航向。用三位数字表示，不足三位数时用 0 补齐。
• Dev. 自差。精确到小数点后 1 位数字。 Var. 磁差。精确到小数点后 1 位数字。
• True C 真航向。（ True C = Gyro C + Gyro E, True C = Comp C +Dev.+Var.
）
•
W Dir: 真风向。用四基点（ E, S, W, N ）、四隅点（ NE, SE, SW, NW ）及三字点
（ NNE, ENE, ESE, SSE, SSW, WSW, WNN, NNW ）表示。
•
W. F. 真风力。用蒲氏风级表示，也可用风速（ m/s, knt ）表示。
•
WX weather 天气
• M.N. midnight 零时，子夜
• DR, D/R dead reckoning position 积算船位，推算船位（无风无流），航迹推算。
• fine, blue sky 晴
• c, cloudy 多云
• o, overcast 阴

• 积算船位 --航迹推算 配图
• 仅仅根据罗经和计程仪所提供的航向、航速和估计的风和流的影响，
从已知的起算点推算出有一定准确度的航迹和船位的航海作业。航迹
推算从出航到目的地连续进行。在推算过程中应根据测定的船位适时
更新起算点继续推算。航迹推算是航海者随时求取当前或未来的近似
船位的基本方法，也是在无法得到观测船位时，确定船位的惟一方法。
航迹推算是海图作业的基本内容，是天文定位（见 天文航海 ）和无线
电定位（见 船舶无线电导航 ）的基础，也是预计接岸和到达目的地时
间的依据。用机械方法或电子计算机方法记录航迹，可以不间断地显
示出瞬时的推算船位。用惯性导航仪求得的推算航迹已接近实际航迹。
英、美等许多国家采用不计风和流的航迹推算作为海图作业的基础，
所得船位称为积算船位；对风和流的影响加以修正后所得船位称为估
算船位。航迹推算有求航迹和船位、求驾驶航向两类作业。

• 求航迹和船位 已知航向、航速、风和流求航迹和船位。一般有四种情况。
①无风、流航行。船位可直接在航向线上推算 ( 图 1) : 由起算点画航向线 , 在线
上按计程仪或主机转速量取航程 , 即得推算船位。②风中航行。风对在航船舶
的影响同风速、风舷角、航速、船型和吃水等有关。因此，船舶一般都备有
本船的风压差表，表中以风速和风舷角为引数列出不同航速与吃水的风压差
角 ( ɑ ) 。风中航行推算船位 ( 图 2) : 由航向线向下风按风压差角画出风中航迹线；
在此线上按计程仪量取航程，即得推算船位（一般计程仪记录的对水航程已
包括风的影响）③流中航行。船舶随流漂移，因此流中航迹推算要在对水航
行矢量上加水流矢量才能求得推算船位（图 3 ）。④风和流中航行。先求受风
压影响的船位，再由该点作水流矢量求得推算船位（图 4 ）。
•
• 航迹推算
求驾驶航向 已知计划航迹向、航速、风和流，求驾驶航向。目的是使
船舶能沿着计划航迹线航进。一般有三种情况。①风中航行。将风压差角向
上风加于计划航迹向，即得驾驶航向。②流中航行。在计划航迹线上按流向、
流速和航速作流压三角形，即可求得驾驶航向，以及实际航速和流压差角
( β )( 图 5) 。③风流中航行。先作流压三角形，求出流中计划航迹线，再向上风
加风压差角，即得风流中航行的驾驶航向。
• 航迹推算

积算船位 --航迹推算 配图

积算船位 --航迹推算 配图

• 求驾驶航向 已知计划航迹向、航速、风和流，
求驾驶航向。目的是使船舶能沿着计划航迹线航
进。一般有三种情况。①风中航行。将风压差角
向上风加于计划航迹向，即得驾驶航向。②流中
航行。在计划航迹线上按流向、流速和航速作流
压三角形，即可求得驾驶航向，以及实际航速和
流压差角 ( β )( 图 5) 。③风流中航行。先作流压三
角形，求出流中计划航迹线，再向上风加风压差
角，即得风流中航行的驾驶航向。

• d, drizzling 毛毛雨
• f ， fog 雾
• h, hail 雹
• l, lightening 闪电
• p, passing shower 阵雨
• q, squall 暴风 , 暴风雪 vi. 狂风吹袭
• r, rain 雨
• s, snow 雪
• t, thunder 雷
• u, ugly weather 恶劣天气

• w, dew 露
• B (hpa) 气压（百帕）。一般情况每 4 小时记录一次，
天气不好时可每小时记录一次。
• t. air 气温。一般每小时记录一次，可采用华氏温度，
也可使用摄氏温度。
• t. sea 海水温度，可采用华氏温度或摄氏温度。
• vis. 海面能见度。海面能见度常用蒲氏能见距离表示，
也可用米、公里或海里表示。
• F.O 燃油
• D.O 柴油
• lub 润滑油
• F.W 淡水
• B.W 压载水

• time of Sdg (=time of sounding) 各项目的测量时间。常为
早上 0800.
• tons by Sdg （ sounding ）由测量读数算得的所存吨数。
• day’s Cons 每天消耗量
• cons./Mile 每海里消耗量，按航经的航程计算。停泊期间
无此项内容。
• on/off 通风机的开关时间
• with dry air 加干燥空气
• circulating 循环通风
• packages 件数
• pkgs of mail 邮件的件数，船舶往来邮件、船员收到的邮
件不计。
• ballast 压载水重量

• time of arr. 到达时间。指抛下第一只锚或第一支缆绳上桩或系浮
筒的时间。
• time of dep. 离开时间。指最后一只锚离底或解开最后一支缆绳
的时间。
• hrs in port 在港时间。指船舶在码头上的停泊时间（小时数）。
• hrs anchored 锚泊时间。指船在港外锚地下锚等泊位的时间（小
时数）。
• lay hours 总停泊时间（小时数）。该值是“在港时间”与“锚
泊时间”之和。
• loadline 当时船舶所在海域中允许使用的载重线或允许的平均吃
水线。
• H.U.W. hours under way 在航时间， 指从解开最后一根缆或最后
一只锚离底起，到第一根缆上桩或抛下第一只锚之间的时间，精
确到分钟。
• H.P. 航进时间 (hours propelling) 。自离泊操纵中连续进车开始到
抵港时的最初停车为止的时间，精确到分钟。

• T.D. Run 实际航程 (True Distance Run) 。
• T.A. Speed 实际航速 (True Average Speed) ，由实际航程和航进时间
求得。精确到 0.1
节。
• Spd by Log 计程仪航速。由计程仪航程和航行时间求得。精确到 0.1
节。
• R.P.M. 主机每分钟转速。一天中主机转速可能不相同，可记录平均值，
也可记录变化范围。
• Set: 流向
• Drift 流速
• Point/Point 两转向点间的平均流向与流速。
• Noon/Noon 正午间的平均流向与流速。
• P/P 两港间的平均流向与流速。
• Anchor 锚位。该栏中记录锚位、链长、水深、底质等数据。
• Tide 记录停泊位置的潮时和潮高。

2. 缩略语
• 航海记录中大量使用缩写单词。缩写中有如下特点：
• 1 ）符号的采用
• “ .” 表示省略了其后的字母 , 如 arr. 为 arrival 的缩写 , Arch. 为
Archipelago ( 群岛 , 多岛海 ) 的缩写。 Temp. 为 temperature 的缩
写。
• “ /” 代表 of, and, or 等，如 B/L 为 Bill of Lading 的缩写， H/A 为 half ahead 的缩写， M/O 为 Master’s Orders 的缩写。
• “’”代表省略了其前后两个字母之间的字母，如 p’d 为 passed
的缩写， Ob’n 为 observation 的缩写， St’n 为 station 的缩写等。
• 2 ）利用首字母缩写
• F.W.E. finished with engine

• F.O. fuel oil
• F.P.T. fore peak tank
• 3) 取首字节的缩写
• dev. deviation
• rev. revolution
• pass. passage
• 4 ）取主要辅音字母的缩写
• pkg. package
• std. standard
• fwd, forward

航海日志中常用的缩写主要有以下一些
凡标有（GB）缩写是我国国家标准局批准的代号
• ab’m abeam 正横
• ab’t about 大约
• a/c altered course (GB) 改向，转向
• AF
• ah’d astronomical fix (GB) ahead 在前，向前
天测船位
• anche anchorage 锚地
• AP anchor position (GB) 锚位
• A.P.T.
after peak tank 尾尖舱
• B bearing 方位

• brg.
bearing 方位
• B.W.E. breakwater entrance
• C course 航向
防波提入口
• CA course of advance 计划航向
• CB compass bearing 罗方位
• CC compass course 罗航向
• C.E.
compass error 罗经差
• CF combined fix (GB) 联合方位
• CG course made good 航迹向可靠
• C/O chief officer 大副

航海日志中常用的缩写1
• com’ced commenced 开始
• Co’s company’s 公司的
• D distance (GB) 距离
• Dev.
• Dist.
deviation (GB) distance 距离
自差
• D.O.P
drop off pilot 引航员下船（时）
• EF electronic fix (GB) 电测船位
• E.R.
• F engine room forward, fore
机舱
船头，在船头

• F.O
• F.W.
fuel oil 燃油 fresh water 淡水
• F/W eng. finished with engine 完车
• GC gyro-compass course (GB) 陀螺航向
• GB gyro-compass bearing 陀螺方位
• GE
• Hdg.
gyro-compass error 陀螺差 heading (GB) 船首向
• I. (is.) Island
• kn knot (GB) 节
岛屿
• L log reading 计程仪读数
• Lat. latitude (GB) 纬度

航海日志中常用的缩写2
• L.H.
• LMT lighthouse 灯塔 local mean time 地方平时
• Long.
longitude (GB) 经度
• Lt.
light.
灯，灯标
• L/T long ton 长吨
• L.V
• Mt. light vessel mount
灯船
山头
• Mth.
mouth 河口
• obs’d observed 观测

航海日志中常用的缩写3
• SF satellite fix GB) 卫导船位
• SP sounding position 测深船位
• str. strait 海峡
• t ton (GB) 吨
• TB true bearing 真方位
• TC true course 真航向
• T.D. tweendeck 二层甲板
• TF terrestrial fix (GB) 陆测方位

舱室

• 航海日志中大量使用省略句。凡由句中的内容或上下文可
以推断的内容均可省略。
• 1 ）主语的省略
• Arrived at Tela. 省略了 We 或 The vessel; Resumed c’go work 省略了 Stevedores; Put all c’go gears after c/o’s inspn. 省略了 Hands.
• 2) 谓语的省略
• Ship to leave before 6hrs. 省略了 is
• Date of Mar. 10 repeated. 省略了 was
• 3 ）主谓语同时省略
• Half ah’d & Eng var’ly. 前进二，车速后来不定。
• Fine wr. 晴天
• L’t br’ze w/calm sea. 微风，海面平静。

• 1 ）定冠词 the 的省略
• L’go star’d anchor. 抛下右锚。
• P’d B.W. L’t Bn. 通过了防波提灯标。
• Life boat painted. 油漆了救生艇。
• 2 ）尽量使用 make, get, have 等简单词
• Made diver look for remains. 雇佣潜水员搜寻遗物。
• Got Fire Pump rep’d. 消防泵已修理。
• Had Chart Room painted. 油漆了海图室。
• 3 ）用 she 指代我船
• Got her beached. 冲滩，抢滩。
• Plt left her at Entrance L/V. 引水员在进口灯船处离船。
• Dressed her O’all for National Day. 挂满旗庆祝国庆节

• 1 ）记载航海日志一般用过去时，如：
• Heaved up st’d anchor & proceeded toward berth. 绞起右锚，驶往指定泊位。
• Resumed loading at No.3 hatch. 三舱继续装货。
• 2 ）记载航海日志常用省略句，使叙述简洁，避免
重复（请参考上述省略句的应用）。
• 3 ）记载航海日志，往往使用符号和缩写来表示内
容。（见上述 2 缩略语）

• Teaching purpose ：（待补）
• Teaching procedure ： （可视情况而定）
• Time distribution ： （可视情况而定）

Part Two Maritime Accident Report
•
• Introduction
• Although all necessary precautionary measures to prevent accidents may have been taken, it is not always possible to eliminate accidents altogether during a voyage. There are various kinds of accidents such as personal injury and loss of life, fire, accidents caused by maritime perils, etc. When accidents happen, reports should be written out.

• Maritime accidents include stranding, striking upon rocks or shoals, collision between ships, collision due to ice, fog or darkness, etc. , and sinking due to a sea peril. If accidents of this kind should happen, the master or his officers should make out accident reports, giving full particulars of the facts leading up to the accidents. As the ascertainment of liability for the accidents and the assessment of damages depend much on these reports, they should be made out with great accuracy and copies sent to the owners, agents and other interests concerned while retaining one on ship’s files for reference purposes.

• precautionary measure 预防措施
• eliminate [ i5limineit ] vt . 清除，排除
• peril [ 5peril ] n . 危险，风险
• strand [ strAnd ] vi . 搁浅
• particular [ pE5tikjulE ] n . 细节
• lead up to 导致
• liability [ 7laiE5biliti ] n .
（赔偿）责任，义务
• ascertain [ 7AsE5tein ] vt . 调查 , 查明 , 断定
• ascertainment [ 7AsE5teinmEnt ] n . 调查 , 查明 , 断
定
• assessment [ E5sesmEnt ] n . 估价，评估
• interests [ 5intrist ] n . 利益方，企业等的同行，利害
关系
• retain [ ri5tein ] vt . 保持，保留

I. Collision Reports
• 1.1 Report of Collision with MS Asahi
• Dear Sir,
• Allow me to tell you about the following accident which happened this afternoon to the vessel under my command while lying alongside the Wayside Wharf.
• At about 1:45 p.m. when MS Asahi was proceeding to her berth, she first struck with steam ship Germany which was tied to SHW Co.’s Pontoon ahead of me, and came into contact with her starboard side to the port side of my vessel, causing damage of slight nature to my hand rails.

• She remained alongside me for about 40 minutes and at about
2:25 p.m. cleared off with tug boat assistance and berthed to
No.8 Buoy.
• Please note the above and send my enclosed letter to the master of the above mentioned steamer and take the matter up with her Owner or Agents with a view to their acknowledgement of responsibility for the damage I sustained.
• I will inform you in the due course in case whether or/not there is any further damage to hull below the water line when I drydock at Hong Kong at the end of this voyage.
• Please give your prompt attention to this matter.
• Yours faithfully,
• (Signature)
• Captain

Avoiding Collision

Notice of Responsibility for Contact
Notice of Responsibility for Contact
• Dear Sirs,
• I beg to bring to you the following mishap which happened this morning to my vessel while she was moored at P section of No.3 pier in this port.
• At about 8:45 a.m. when MV Voyager was berthing to R section of the same pier her starboard bow came into contact with our port quarter, causing damage thereto.
• I would be much obliged if you could take the matter up with
Owners or Agents on the damage sustained and also request them to send their representative to us together with yours as soon as possible with a view to ascertaining the extent of the damage.
• Trusting your prompt attention to the matter.
• Yours faithfully,
• Master of MV Voyage M.Nabarro.

• 1.3 Notice of Responsibility for Collision
• Dear Sir,
• Please be advised that I am obliged to hold your ship solely responsible for all the losses and/or damages sustained by my vessel “Friendship” in consequence of the collision caused by your ship at 2045 hrs LT on Dec. 14th, 2008, while my vessel was berthing alongside at Wharf No.194.
• In this connection, a survey of the damage to the hull and possible damage to the propeller and rudder will be held on board my vessel at 0900 hrs LT on Dec. 15th, 2008. You are then asked to send a representative to attend it.
• At the same time, it is essential for you to signify your acknowledgement of the responsibility for the collision by signing the copies of this letter hereto attached and to return me two copies in due time.
• Yours faithfully,
• Master of MV Friendship: F. J. Smith

• 1.4 Responsibility for Damage
• Dear Sir,
• You are hereby officially informed that you and your owners are held fully and completely responsible for the damages done by you during your berthing operation to the poop staff and stern navigation light, etc. of my vessel which was lying alongside Berth No.66. The striking time was 0900 hrs L/T on July 12, 2009.
• The survey to the damages will be made on board my vessel on July
13, 2009, and you are required to send your representative to attend this survey.
• It is essential for you to signify your acknowledgement of responsibility for the damages by signing the copies of this letter hereto attached and to return two copies to me in due time.
•
• Yours truly,
• Master of MV Jin Hua: Gu

Vocabulary and Notes
• alongside [ E5lCN5said ] adv . & prep .
停靠，靠泊，靠码头；并靠它船；与 …… 并
肩；并排地
• wharf [(h)wC:f ] n . 码头
• pontoon [ pCn5tu:n ] n . 趸船，浮码头，
平底船，潜水钟
• hand rail 栏杆，扶手
• steamer [ 5sti:mE ] n . 汽船，汽艇
• take the matter up with 将 …… 提交给 ……

• acknowledgement [ Ek5nClidVmEnt ] n .
承认（某事物）属实，确认；致谢
• sustain [ sEs5tein ] vt . 蒙受，遭受
• mishap [ 5mishAp, mis5hAp ] n . 不幸
事故（通常不严重）；坏运气
• hold sb. responsible for sth. 认为某人应对某事
负责任
• poop staff 船尾旗杆
• cleared off 让请，离开

Notes
• 1. Please note the above and send my enclosed letter to the master of the above mentioned steamer and take the matter up with her Owner or Agents with a view to their acknowledgement of responsibility for the damage I sustained.
• 请关注上述事件，将我方附函送交该轮船长并将
此事提交该船船东或该船代理，让其确认对我船
船损的赔偿责任。
• Please note the above 请注意上述事件。 Note
（ fml 尤作文雅语）相当于 notice sth.
或 observe
注意某事物，观察。
• enclosed letter 附函

• Enclosed, please find…, i.e. you will find, enclosed with this… 兹附上 …… 请查阅。
• with a view to doing sth. ( fml ) with the intention or hope of doing sth. 有做某事的打算或希望。
• 2. …this letter hereto attached…: attached to this letter 随（此）函附寄 … 。 Hereto = to this.
由 here 或 there 加介词构成的复合词常用于正式
文体中，其中 here 可理解为 this, there 可理解
为 that, 再如 herewith, thereby 等。
• 3. 航海英语中常用 she, her, me 指本船，属于
英语拟人格。

II Grounding Reports
• 1. Notice of Grounding
•
• Dear Sirs,
I, the master of British MV Rose, hereby report to you that my vessel, carrying a full cargo of fertilizer for the port of Huangpu, P. R. China, grounded in the channel with a pilot on board while crossing the Second Bar,
Lasawei, at 2009 hours on Nov. 26, 2009.
• The vessel first touched the bottom on the port side at
2004 hours and , in maneuvering away from that side of the channel, the west side, she grounded on the east side of the channel at 2009 hours and was held fast there.

•
•
• It is obvious that there was not sufficient depth of water in the Second Bar channel for my vessel to cross safely and I claim the estimated arrival draft as radioed to the agent to report to you was a close one.
• Extracts of the vessel’s log book have already been submitted to you giving all details of this grounding.
Yours truly,
Master of MV Rose K. Hay

Ground Report
• 2. Ground Report by MV LAMMEDEN
• Dear Sirs:
• This is to report to you that MV LAMMEDEN/GPVP under my command grounded at 1320 utc on the Sister Island. Her approximate position is Lat 30.10N Long, 122.52E. She is making water rapidly in hold.
• After grounding, the communication system of the vessel was on battery power and difficulties were experienced in communicating with shore stations. Transmissions were being affected by atmospheric static and were subject to overriding by transmissions from other vessels.
• I require assistance urgently.
• Master of MV LAMMEDEN

Ground Report
• 3. Ground Report by MV UNISOL
• This is to advise you that M.V. UNISOL under my command grounded in Entrance Channel at 2132 hrs L/T.
• After grounding, she is making water rapidly in to No.2 hold, I am also advised by the Chief Engineer of the ingress of water into the engine room.
• On effective communication and close liaison between us, I come to the conclusion that timely evacuation of the engine room is necessary.
• Please advise instructions
• Master of MV UNISOL

Protest against Side-berthing
• 4. Protest against Side-berthing
• SIR
• I STRONLY PROTEST AGAINST YR VERBAL INSTRUCTION
THAT YOU INTEND TO BERTH A GREEK SHIP OUTSIDE OF
MY OWN HERE AT NO.1 BERTH
• IT IS NOT PRUDENT TO PLACE ANOTHER HEAVILY
LOADED SHIP ONTO ONE AT A QUAYSIDE IN STRONG
TIDAL WATERS
• I HAVE INFORMED YOUR REPRESENTATIVE THAT I WILL
HOLD YOU RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY DAMAGE WHICH MAY
RESULT FROM BERTHING AND/OR THAT WHICH MAY BE
FOUND AT A LATER DATE THROUGH STRAIN OR OTHER
CAUSES BY THIS GREEK SHIP FORCING ME ONTO THE
QUAY
• MASTER OF MV CITY LAND ： L. KER

Vocabulary
• battery power 电池能源
• overriding [ 7EuvE5raidiN ] adj . 最重的，高于
一切的，优先的，压倒的
• ingress [ 5in^res ] n . 进入 , 入口
• liaison [ li(:)5eizB:n, -zEn ] n . 联系，
联络
• side-berthing 靠绑
• verbal [ 5vE:bEl ] adj . 口头的
• fertilizer [ 5fE:ti7laizE ] n . 化肥
• atmospheric static 大气静电（干扰），天电
• prudent [ 5pru:dEnt ] adj.
谨慎的

• Notes
• 1. I claim the estimated arrival draft as radioed to the agent to report to you was a close one.
• 我断言电告代理向您报告的船舶预抵吃水是接
近的数值。
• 2. She is making water rapidly in hold. 舱内很快
进水。
• 3. 上述信函从头至尾几乎没有标点符号，排版格
式靠左对齐，段落之间空两行间距。这是信函全
齐头格式。（ Blocked Letter Style ）；另一种格
式是半齐头式（ Semi-Blocked Letter Style ）。
用大写字母也是常见的信函形式。

III Fire Reports
• 1. Report of the fire, loss of life
• This is to advise you,
• 1) that at approximately 0320 local time on 24 May 2008 a fire broke out in the engine room of the crude oil tanker Casper
Trader. The fire blocked the escape of the Second Engineer and the oiler on Watch, and prevented access to the engine room fire pump. The emergency fire pump was not operated successfully, though several attempts were made to start it and keep it running. Without water pressure on the fire main, the crew was unable to combat the fire effectively.
• 2) that the crew was unable to gain access to the engine room due to the extreme heat, and could not fight the fire with water or foam as neither was

• available. Only portable extinguishers were usable for fire fighting, and scene, responding to an SOS sent by the radio officer shortly after the fire was discovered. Supernumeraries were ordered to depart the vessel. After they departed, a loud explosion was heard from the engine room. The master then ordered everyone forward, to mid-ships, in case another explosion occurred. these had little effect.
• 3) that at about 0600 rescue vessels began to arrive on the
• 4) and that the blaze spread to the accommodation, and the vessel was completely abandoned at approximately 1230 on
24 May 2008.
• Please be noted and advise soonest instructions.
• Master of MT Casper Trader

Report of the Fire, Loss of Life
• 2 Report of the Fire, Loss of Life
• On investigation of the fire accident on Board MV May
Flower, I hereby advise you, that fire broke out in No.3
Lower Hold at 0110 L/T on 31st during unloading at buoys/w3-4;the cargo damage is about 1000 tons sugar in bags;
• that the cause of the fire was unknown;
• that the fire was put out at 1550 L/T on 31st;
• that arranged surveyors aboard found No. 3 tween-deck plates, hatch boards and bulkhead between lower holds
No.2 and 3 were burnt;
• and that all necessary disposals are in process.
• All details will be reported to you in due course.
• Master of May Flower

Fire on MT Casper Trader
• 3. Fire on MT Casper Trader
• Dear Sir,
• A fire broke out on the vessel under my command at about 0320 hours on 24 May 2007 ship’s time. The
Second Engineer and Oiler were on watch in the engine room. The Second Mate and Quartermaster were on the bridge.
• At first the Second Mate knew of the fire from the sounding of emergency alarm, which had been activated from the engine room. Shortly after the emergency alarm was sounded, the main engine stopped. At about the same time there was a blackout and the emergency power supply came on. The emergency alarm was disconnected to preserve power.
• By about 0600, shortly after dawn, rescue vessels had began arriving on the scene in response to an SOS sent by the Radio Operator shortly after the fire was discovered. By this time, most of the fire extinguishers had been discharged.

• In the morning the fire was still contained in the engine room, although smoke had began to emerge from the pump room immediately forward of the engine room. Shortly after the midday flames could be seen emerging from the top of the accommodation and I, together with the Italian crew members then left the vessel at about 1230.
• MT Casper Trader was towed to Singapore for damage surveys.
She arrived at Singapore at about 2340 24th May 2007.
•
• Master of MT Casper Trader
25th May 2007.
•
•
•
•
2. Damage List
Yours faithfully,
(Signature)
• Commander
• Encls: 1. sketch of the damaged part
3. copy of each of survey report

Vocabulary and Notes
• Vocabulary
• approximately [ EprRksI5mEtlI ] adv . 大约
• oiler [ 5CilE ] n . 加油工
• fire main (pipe) 消防总管
• extreme [ iks5tri:m ] adj . 极端的
• portable extinguisher 便携式灭火气器
• supernumerary [ sjupE5nju:mErEri ] n . 额外人员
• blaze [ bleiz ] n . 火焰
• quartermaster [ 5kwC:tEmB:stE(r) ] n . 舵工
• hatch board （ hatch cover ）舱盖
• disposal [ dis5pEuzEl ] n . 清除，处理
• activate [ 5Aktiveit ] vt . 激活
• blackout [ 5blAkaut ] n .
（发电机故障引起的）全船失电；熄灭灯
光
• contain [ kEn5tein ] vt . 抑制，阻挡；容纳

Notes
• Notes
• 1 … responding to an SOS 回复船舶呼救信号。
• SOS: ship’s distress signal 船舶呼救信号，紧急求救信
号（船只、飞机等发出的，通常为无线电代码）。再如
XXX ： internatioal urgency signal （ sent by wireless telegraph （无线电报发送的）国际紧急信号， TTT ： safety signal 安全信号。值得注意的是： MAYDAY
MAYDAY MADY 船舶呼救信号， PAN-PAN PAN-PAN
PAN-PAN 船舶紧急呼叫信号 , 以及 SECURITE
SECURITE SECURITE 船舶安全呼叫信号等，都是通
过无线电话呼叫的，是口语呼叫信号。

• 2. The emergency alarm was disconnected to preserve power.
• 为保持电量，已断开紧急警报系统。
• 3. In the morning the fire was still contained in the engine room, although smoke had began to emerge from the pump room immediately forward of the engine room.
• 上午，尽管在紧靠着机舱前部的泵房中有烟雾冒
出，但火势仍然控制在机舱内。
• 4. Encls 附件，封入物。 Encl 是 encloure 缩写

IV Oil Pollution Reports
• 1. Report of Oil Release from MT
Laura D’ Amto
• Dear Sirs,
• The Italian flag tanker Laura D. Amato berthed at the Shell Terminal Gore Bay Sydney, at 1224 on 3 August 2007, with about 90,957 tons of
Crude Oil. The loading arms were connected to the ship, the tank ullages measured and the quantity of oil on board checked. The mate and the Shell shore officer conferred and signed the
Ship/Shore Safety Checklist. The Checklist was also countersigned by a Sydney Ports inspector.

• At 1412, the ship commenced discharging using No.2 cargo pump. Initially, the water bottoms were removed at a slow rate of pumping. At 1430, all the cargo tanks were opened to lower their levels and the discharge rate was increased to 1000 m3/h. at 1650, some cargo tanks were shut, the rate was further increased to 1500 m3/h. and the suction valves for the two slop tanks opened.

• By about 1815, the mate decided the level of the slop tanks was falling too slowly. To draw more directly from these two tanks and to increase the rate of discharge, the mate decided to open No. 3 cargo line to No. 2 pump by opening two crossover valves on the main sea line in the pump room. At about 1820, he ordered the cadet to open the two valves.

• At 1825, the Shell wharf watch keeper was returning from a routine check of the loading arms and moorings, when he suddenly smelled a strong odor of hydrogen sulphide. He immediately contacted the shore officer reporting the smell and asking whether the ship was venting its tanks for any reason. It was established that this was not the case.

Oil Pollution Reports

Report of Oil Release from MT Laura D’ Amto
• The wharf watch-keeper went back to the shore manifold but detected no sign of a leak. The smell of hydrogen sulphide was still strong and, as he checked the water between the ship and the shore, he detected a slick of oil, which he traced to the ship’s port side. He reported to the shore officer, who immediately ordered the ship to stop pumping.

• The ship’s pumps were stopped at 1836. The
Shell emergency plan was implemented immediately. The mate, who had already ordered the cadet to close the two valves that he had just opened, then ordered the 3rd mate to stop the cargo pump. He went ashore to see if he could locate the source of the oil spill. The wharf watch-keeper showed him the position on the port

• side, of the vessel, where oil was seen to be welling to the surface of the water. The mate and the pumpman then went to the pump room and checked all the valves. They found the two sea-chest valves on the sea suction line were fully open.
• When the two men attempted to close the sea-chest valves, they found the large, manual, butterfly valves
“backseated” open. To close the valves, both men had to use a large wheel key to break the seat. In closing the valves, any security seals placed between the two adjacent valve handles were broken.
• At this port, the flow of the crude oil from Laura D.
Amato into Gore Bay ceased.
• Master of MT Laura D’ Amato.

Vocabulary and Notes
• loading arm 装卸臂，装油臂
• tank ullage 油舱膨胀余位
• confer [ kEn5fE: ] vt .& vi.
协商；比较，
对照
• initially [ I5nIFElI ] adv . 最初，原始地
• watch-keeper n . 值班员
• hydrogen [ 5haidrEudVEn ] n.
氢气
• sulphide [ 5sQlfaid ] n 硫化物
• slick of oil 海面油膜，海面浮油
• cadet [ kE5det ] n . 实习生

• backseated [ bAksi:tid ] adj . 后座的
• seal [ si:l ] vt . & n . 密封；焊缝
• adjacent [ E5dVeisEnt ] adj . 毗连的，附近
的
• suction valve 吸入阀
• slop tanks 污油水舱
• crossover valve 隔断阀，过桥阀

• main sea line 海上装油总管路
• sea-chest valve 通海阀
•
•
• butterfly valve 蝶形阀 ,
双叶阀门 ,
节气阀

loading arm 装卸臂，装油臂

loading arm 装卸臂，装油臂

loading arm 装卸臂，装油臂

Notes
•
• 1. Checklist was also countersigned by a Sydney Ports inspector.
• 检验表也由悉尼港方检验员会签。（ countersign 会签，附署）
• 2. To draw more directly from these two tanks and to increase the rate of discharge, the mate decided to open No. 3 cargo line to No. 2 pump by opening two crossover valves on the main sea line in the pump room.
• 为能更直接从这两个舱中抽取货物，增加卸率，大副决定打开泵房中主管线
上的两个转换阀，以打开连通二号泵的三号管线。
• 3. The wharf watch keeper showed him the position on the port side, of the vessel, where oil was seen to be welling to the surface of the water.
• 码头值班人员让他察看了船舶左舷位置，油就是从此位置喷流到水面上的。
• 4. To close the valves, both men had to use a large wheel key to break the seat. 为关闭这些阀，这两个人不得不用旋转阀打开阀座

•
•
•
• 1. Damages to Ship’s Gear etc by Stevedores
• Dear Sirs,
This is to advise you that at 0930 hrs, on 9th, damages to my ship’s gear and equipment, as specified below, were caused by the fault on the part of your stevedores. Your representative working on board my vessel has acknowledged the fact of and liability for the damages.
I, Master of MV Red Star hereby request you to arrange for immediate and necessary repairs and/or replacements. If you fail to carry out repairs and /or replacements before my ship’s sailing, I shall reserve, on behalf of my owners, the right to claim against you in future for recovering costs expenses incurred thereof.
Master of MV Red Star: Wang Linhan

2. Notice of Damage to Ventilator by Stevedores
Dear Sirs,
This is to inform you that at 1620 hours, on 6th May 2006, your stevedores damaged a cowl head ventilator of my vessel which becomes entirely useless. Your representative working on my vessel has acknowledged the truth of and liability for the damage. I hereby request you to arrange immediately for the necessary repairs or replacements. If you fail to carry out the repairs or replacements before ship’s sailing I shall reserve, on behalf of my owners, the right to claim compensation from you for recovery cost incurred by such repairs or replacements in the near future.
Master of MV Ocean Maru.

Damage to Port Gangway
•
•
•
•
• 3. Re: Damage to Port Gangway
• Dear Sir,
Allow me to inform you that last night while port gangway was being lowered at “P” Berth Prince Dock by the ship’s crew it was carelessly allowed to drop on the wharf with the result that it was damaged completely.
It was at once brought to the notice of the ship’s officer and the agent’s representative.Please note that a bill for the cost of repairing or price of new one will be sent in due course to your agents for payment.
Yours faithfully,
Master of MV Sea Trade

Vocabulary and Notes
• Vocabulary
• arrange for 为 …… 做准备 , 安排
• recover [ ri5kQvE ] vt . 追
偿 recovery n . 追偿
• incur [ in5kE: ] vt . 蒙受
• stone clips 石屑
• cowl head ventilator 僧帽式通
风筒，通风帽 compensation
[ kCmpen5seiFEn ] n .
赔偿 , 补偿

Notes
1. I shall reserve, on behalf of my owners, the right to claim against you in future for recovering costs expenses incurred thereof.
• 我将代表我方船东对将来由此而发生的费用保留向贵方追偿所产生费用的权
利。
• thereof ： of that （ costs expenses incurred thereof = of the costs expenses incurred ）
• 2. It was at once brought to the notice of the ship’s officer and the agent’s representative.
• 立刻将此事告知船方驾驶员以及代理方代表。
• Bring sth to sb’s notice: （ fml ） tell sb. about sth, show sb. about sth. etc. 将
某事告知某人；使某人注意某事物。如 It was Suan who brought the problem to our notice. 是苏珊提醒我们注意那个问题的。

VI Reports of Damage to and Loss of Cargoes
•
•
1. Notice of Responsibility for Loss of Cargo
•
• Dear Sirs,
I wish to advise you that during the loading operation at about 7:30 p.m yesterday one case containing glass goods marked “DEF” destined to
Huangpu was allowed to slip off the net sling and fell a distance of about 40 feet in to the Lower Hold right on top of the crated Machinery, causing apparently considerable damage thereto. The extent of the damage could not be ascertained though I inspected it with the Chief Stevedore in charge.

• It is obvious that the accident was solely due to the fault on the part of the stevedores, and the Chief Stevedore on board admitted the responsibility for it.
• The case for Glass Goods in question was badly crushed and was returned to dock shed and short-shipped.
• Yours prompt attention to this will be appreciated.
•
Yours truly,
• Master of MV Blue Ribbon: L. O’ hare

Reports of Damage to and Loss of Cargoes
• 2. Notice on Damage to Cargo by Stevedore
•
• Dear Sirs,
This is to inform you that damages to the following cargoes were caused by the stevedores of your company during their discharging my vessel at this port:
• 1) Two cases of wine under B/L No. 112 broken down by a blow of a swinging sling.
• 2) One bale of textiles under B/L No.189 fallen overboard and wet.
•
• 3 ） One Carton of porcelain were under B/L No.21 fallen and broken ， Therefore, you should be held fully responsible for the above damages.
Master of MV Caribbean Winds

• 3. Cargo Shortage
• To: MV Yu Long
• With regard to the discrepancy during the tally on last Friday 8th May 2006, on 50 bags of rice in Hold
No.1 Lower Hold between our tallymen and ship’s crew, we would like to inform you that this was mainly due to the inexperience of the ship’s crew.
• The tally sheet made by our team tallies perfectly with the one made by the port team. Again, we confirm that the above 50 bags of rice have been loaded on board and assume full responsibility of this confirmation.
• If there is shortage of 50 bags in Hold No.1 Lower
Hold at the discharging port, my company will be responsible for such shortage.

Letter of Protest for Cargo Shortage
• 4. Letter of Protest for Cargo Shortage
•
•
• Dear Sirs,
Please be informed that on receipt of the cargo documents presented, I note the following difference
(s) between the ship’s figures and the bill of lading figures:
Ship’s figure Bill of lading figure Cargo grade:
Murban crude oil Cargo Grade: Murban crude oil
Metric tons: 142,914.02Metric tons: 143,685.00Long tons:140,685.51Long tons: 141,417.00 Accordingly this letter of protest is lodged in lieu of endorsing the bill of lading with the ship’s figures and the bill of lading must be taken only acknowledge the shipment of the weight or quantity given in the vessel’s measurements on completion of loading and be issued without prejudice to the rights of the owners or

•
•
•
•
• charterers to rely on the ship’s measurements aforesaid as evidence of the quantity actually shipped.
I hereby give you notice that you will be held liable to indemnify the owners or charterers or both for any loss they may suffer by reason of your failure to notify the transferee and any subsequent holder of the bill of lading of the contents of this letter of protest.
On behalf of the owners and charterers I further reserve the right to take such further actions as may be considered necessary to protect the interest of these parties.
Yours faithfully,
Master

Vocabulary and Notes
• Vocabulary
• destined [ 5destind ] adj.
往，赴
（某处），以 … 为目的地的
• net sling 吊货网兜，吊货网
• crated machinery 箱装机械
• crush [ krQF ] vt . & vi . 压坏 , 压碎
• shed [ Fed ] n . 棚，库
• short shipped 短装，退关
• blow [ blEu ] n . 一击 , 打击

• textile [ 5tekstail ] n . 纺织品
• porcelain [ 5pC:slin, -lein ] n .
瓷 , 瓷器
• discrepancy [ dis5krepEnsi ] n . 差
异 , 不符合 ( 之处 ), 不一致 ( 之处 )
• bill of lading 提货单
• tally sheet 理货单
• charterer [ 5tFB:tErE ] n..
租船人 , 租
船方
• prejudice [ 5predVudis ] n.
& vt . 偏见，
成见； 损害，损坏
• indemnify [ in5demnifai ] vt . 赔偿
• transferee [ 7trAnsfE:5ri: ] n . 提

Notes
1. It is obvious that the accident was solely due to the fault on the part of the stevedores.
• 显而易见，此事故完全是由码头装卸工人一方的
过错引起的。
• 2. Yours prompt attention to this will be appreciated.
• 望速关照此事 , 不胜感激。
• 3. Therefore, you should be held fully responsible for the above damages.
• 因此，对上述损坏贵方应负全责。
• 4. With regard to the discrepancy… 关于 …… 的
不相符 / 差异。

• 5. Accordingly this letter of protest is lodged in lieu of endorsing the bill of lading with the ship’s figures and the bill of lading must be taken only acknowledgement the shipment of the weight or quantity given in the vessel’s measurements on completion of loading and be issued without prejudice to the rights of the owners or charterers to rely on the ship’s measurements aforesaid as evidence of the quantity actually shipped.
• 因此提出本抗议函，没有根据船上货物数量而背书提单，提单
只能被认为是船方承认完成装货时货物装船的重量和数量以船
舶测算为准；提单作为确切装船数量的证据要根据上述船舶测
算结果并且在不损害船东及承租人利益的条件下签发。
• letter of protest: 抗议书
• in lieu of : instead 代替
• endorse the bill of lading 提单背书， endorse 背书（在票据背
面签字）
• the bill of lading must be taken only acknowledgement of…., acknowledgement 是主语补足语。

VII Reports of Injury or Death
•
• Dear Sirs,
1. Accident to One Docker
• I regret to inform you that at about 7:30 a.m.15th Feb., one of the dockers named Oka, 35 accidentally fell down into
No.3 Lower Hold from the Tween deck through the hatchway, while they were loading cargo at yours and he was seriously injured.
• Immediately the accident was brought to my notice, the first medical aid was given by the ship’s surgeon, and the injured was sent to the hospital by the stevedores
• Please note the above and special attention to the matter will be appreciated.
• Yours faithfully
• Master

2. Accident to Sailor
• Dear Sirs,
• This is to inform you that AB Takan, 24, accidentally fell into the No.
4 Lower Hold from the Upper Deck while attending discharge work as a watcher at about 9.00 p.m. last night 1st April, at the port of
Hong Kong and was seriously injured.
• Immediately after the accident, the first temporary aid was rendered by ship’s surgeon and was immediately taken by local ambulance to the Angel Hospital for medical treatment.
• Please inform the Keelung Office accordingly, if necessary, by Telex, and arrange the matter in accordance with further instructions.
• We trust your kind attention to this matter.
• Yours faithfully,
• Master

3. Accidents to One Tank Cleaner
•
•
•
• Dear Sirs,
•
•
I am sorry to inform you that the following accident happened while the gang of tank cleaners were preparing to rig the stage for cleaning inside “B”
Deep Tank.
At about 9.15 a.m., a tank cleaner named “xyz” , aged 41, employed by
Messrs. Auden & Co. Ltd, was handling the stage board for cleaning overhead of the above mentioned tank, fell down onto the bottom from a height about 18 feet and was seriously injured.
• They began to work at about 8.00 a.m. and at the time of the accident none of our crew was assisting in any way, nor were they using any ship’s gear; all the securing ropes, stage boards they used were their own.
•
• The first aid was given by ship’s surgeon and at about 1.30 p.m., the injured man was removed to the wharf by ship’s hands.
From the above you will understand that the accident was solely due to their own fault and we are not responsible in any way for this accident.
Yours faithfully
Master

4. Accident to Winchman
• Dear Sir,
• With reference to your letter of 23rd inst., we utterly fail to understand your attitude in the matter, as it is clearly established that the accident was due to the carelessness on the part of your winchman in the use of the sling.
• We immediately took the matter up with Chief
Stevedore in charge and the full investigation on board has revealed that the matter is quite contrary to what is stated in your letter. In accordance with the investigation, the injured engaged in discharging work said:

•
•
•
• That due warning was given by the hatch watcher just before the accident, by means of hailing, as usual to call attention to those people down on the wharf ,the sling was lowering down; and that sling in question was lowered at normal speed, and that there was no trouble in the winch in use.
•
• Therefore, we will not be responsible for any and all expenses, losses and damages resulted from or in connection with this accident.
Yours faithfully,
Commander
Master of MV Green Lake, for and on behalf of Tran Co., Ltd.

• Vocabulary
• hatchway [ 5hAtFwei ] n . 舱口
• first medical aid 医疗急救
• watcher [ 5wCtFE ] n . 值班船员；监视器
• surgeon [ 5sE:dVEn ] n . 船上医生；外科医生
• ambulance [ 5AmbjulEns ] n . 救护车
• render [ 5rendE ] vt . 提供
• overhead [ 5EuvEhed ] n . 天花板，船舱顶板
• utterly adv . 全然，完全
• hail [ heil ] vt . & n.
招呼，呼唤；雹
• reveal [ ri5vi:l ] vt . 揭示，揭露

Notes
• 1. Please note the above and special attention to the matter will be appreciated
• 请注意上述事件并对此特别关注，我们将不胜感激。
• 2. … Messrs. Auden & Co.Ltd.
• 奥东有限公司， Messrs 用作 Mr 的复数，（源自法文
Messieurs ），置于一系列男子姓名之前，或置于公司名之前。
Messrs. Auden & Co.Ltd.
是公司名称，当公司根据一个或多
个人的姓名命名时，名字前用 Messrs.
• 3. With reference to your letter of 23rd inst.
• 据您本月 23 号来函 , with reference to sb. or sth. 关于某人或
某事。 inst. 是 instant 的缩写，旧的商函用语，用于日期之后。
如： in reply to your letter of the 9th ， inst. 兹复本月 9 日来函 .

Shipment of Dangerous Cargo
• (1)
•
Shipment of Dangerous Cargo
•
• Dear Sir,
• In reply to your letter dated 3rd Inst., under your Ref.
UK (B)-221/YN concerning the shipment of dangerous cargo dinitrotoluene on our current homeward voyage, we are agreeable to accept the cargo on the definite condition that the shipment of these commodities on board this vessel will not give us any inconvenience and difficulties for our transit of Suez Canal and the direct berthing to Keppel Harbor at Singapore and H.
K Warehouse Co’s dock at Hong Kong.
• Judging from the flash point of these commodities, we understand that they will naturally be included among the dangerous cargo of 1st and 2nd category included in the Harbor Regulation of Suez Canal and
Port of Singapore and Hong Kong respectively.

•
•
•
• For the lack of the latest port regulations of these ports on our side, we are not certain under which category these commodities should come.
• We should like to point out that discharging these commodities at the Dangerous Cargo Anchorage at any of these ports of call will cause a great deal of inconvenience for all the parties concerned.
• Will you please, therefore, investigate the matter in this respect and advise us accordingly before we start loading.
• We look forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully,
(Signed)
Master of M.V. “Cosmos”

•
•
• (2)
• Dear Sirs,
• Re: Heavy Lifts
I wish to inform you that among the cargo to be discharged at your port, there are several cases of machinery consigned to Messrs. Brown
& Co. Ltd., 20 North Star Street, Rostock, under
Bills of Lading Nos. 110-115, and weighing over
15 tons each.

•
•
• As these weights are beyond the ship’s discharging facilities, I would ask you to communicate with Messrs. Brown & Co., Ltd., with regard to arranging the unloading of these cases on the 7th inst. at 1000 hours by their own means.
•
• Please also advise the Consignees that in compliance with the terms of the Charter Party all expenses in connection with handling these extraweights are to be for their account.
Yours faithfully,
(Signed)
Master of M.V “HUANG HE”

Vocabulary and Notes dinitrotoluene [ 5naitrEu5tCljui:n ] n . 二硝基甲苯
• transit [ 5trAnsit ] vt.
通过
• commodity [ kE5mCditi ] n . 商品
• flash point 闪点
• category [ 5kAti^Eri ] n . 种类，类目
• anchorage [ 5ANkEridV ] n.
锚地
• heavy lift 重大件（货）
• consign [ kEn5sain ] vt . 托运；交付
• consignee [ kEnsai5ni :] n . 收货人
• in compliance with 按照；遵照

• 重大件（货）

• charter party 租船合同
• to be for one’s account 由 …… 付款
1. on our current homeward voyage 在我船回国的航程
中
• Suez Canal 苏伊士运河 ( 世界上三大运河之一，另外
还有 Kiel Canal 基尔运河， Panama Canal 巴拿马运
河。 )
• 2. We are not certain under which category these commodities should come.
• 我方不确定这些商品应该属于哪类（危险品货物）。
根据《国际海运危险货物规则》（ IMDG CODE:
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME DANGEROUS
GOODS CODE ）国际海运危险货物共化分为九大类。
• 3. all the parties concerned 所有有关方

Exercises ( 第三次授课 For the 5-6 periods)
• Teaching purpose （待后补）
• Teaching procedure: （可视情况而定）
• Time assignments ：（可视情况而定）

I Multiple choices
1. Records which must be retained on board after report of casualty to a vessel include the ______.
A. tour reports B. hull reports C. machinery repair record book D. deck equipment log
2. After a collision in accident involving an uninspected vessel, regulations require that the operator assist persons affected, but only if operator can do so without _______.
A. further damaging the other vessel B. undue delay
C. serious danger to his or her own vessel D. creating a panic on either vessel
3. After an accident the victim may go into shock and die. What should be done to help prevent shock?
A. Slightly elevate the head and feet. B. Keep the person awake.
C. Keep the person lying down and at a comfortable temperature.
D. Give the person a stimulant to increase blood flow.

4. A fire breaks out in # 4 hold and partially damages some of the cargo. In order to extinguish the fire the hold is flooded thus damaging the remaining cargo in that hold. Which of the following is (are) correct? _____ (1) the damage to the cargo by fire is particular average. (2) the damage to the cargo by water is general average.
A. (2) only B. (2) only C. both (1) and (2) D. neither (1) nor
(2)
5. As a matter of fact, the damage to the winches was due to
______.
A. insufficiency of packaging B. inherent vice of the cargo
C. improper stowage D. rough handling

• 6. Dunnage may be used to protect a cargo from loss or damage by ______.
• A. ship’s sweat B. inherent vice C. tainting D. hygroscopic absorption
• 7. MV SUDAN/MEAN AT 0200UTC IN POSITION 40.44N 141.52E PASSED A
DERELICT ABOUT 40 TONS HALF SUBMERGED AND IS DRIFTING. This cable says that she met with possibly ____.
• A. a floating wreck B. a survivor at sea C. a man who had fallen overboard
D. a drilling rig
• 8. No damage of any kind ______ aids to navigation or navigation facilities.
• A. should be done to B. should not be done to
• C. must be done with D. must not be done with
• 9. MV ATLANTIC 0220UTC POSN 33.55N 127.22E COURSE 088 DEGS
SPEED 12.5 KTS SAILOR FELL FROM MAST SERIOUSLY WOUNDED AT
HEAD. This cable says that _____.
• A. the wounded had nothing wrong with his head B. the injury was not serous
• C. the injury happened at the mast head D. a sailor injured at his head
• 10. The best treatment for preventing traumatic shock after an accident is to
______.
• A. have the victim exercise to increase circulation
• B. keep the victim from electrical equipment
• C. keep the victim warm and dry while lying down
• D. apply ice packs and avoid excitement

11. The Greek ship drifted and struck the portside of a Chinese ship, which
______ the bulwalk and stanchions.
A. caused damage to B. had collision with
C. was damaging D. was causing damage to
12. A wise Captain gives clear direction in this ______ for the officers on watch to call him if in any doubt whatsoever.
A. Deck Logbook B. Master’s Note C. Bell Book D. Master’s Standing
Orders
13. After your vessel has been involved in a casualty, you are required to make your logbooks, bell books, etc., available to ______.
A. attorneys for opposition parties B. marine surveyors
C. MSA officials D. All of the above
14. All of the following records ate usually maintained by the watch-standing officers aboard a vessel EXCEPT the ______.
A. deck logbook B. official logbook
C. compass record book D. chronometer error book
15. Lifeboat winches on a ship are required to be inspected and an entry made in the logbook. What should this entry include?
A. The time required to lower a lifeboat. B. The time required to raise a lifeboat. C. The date of inspection and condition of the winch. D. All of the above

16. Prior to burning or welding on a fuel tank on a ship, regulations require that an inspection be made. An entry in the unofficial logbook is required if this inspection is made by _______. A. a maritime chemist B. the officer in charge of marine inspection C. the master of person in charge of the ship
D. the National Fire Protection Association
17. The responsibility for maintaining the Official Logbook on voyages between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States rests with the ______.
A. chief mate of the vessel B. master of the vessel C. deck officer of the watch at the time of the occurrence D. purser of the vessel
18. Under the Pollution Regulations, when you dump garbage into the sea you must _______.
A. notify Coast Guard or MSA B. make an entry in the Official Logbook
C. keep a record for two years D. take no action if you are more than 25 miles from land and no plastic materials are dumped
19. When an azimuth of the Sun has been taken and the deviation of the standard magnetic compass computed, the watch officer should record the results ______.
A. in the vessel’s Official Logbook B. on the compass deviation card
C. in compass deviation log D. on Napier Diagram
20. Making water rapidly in all holds, all passengers and crew were ordered on deck _____ and all boats were lowered to rail.
A. in life jackets B. with life jackets C. with life jackets on D. putting on life jackets

II Translate the following Chinese into English:
• 1 备车，前进二（半速） 2. 检疫锚地 3. 自差与磁差
• 4. 毛毛雨 5. 恶劣天气 6. 完车 7. 开始起锚
8. 通过检疫 9. 锚链四节入水，锚抓牢（海底）
• 10. 挽牢所有缆绳 11. 将拖船带在右前 12. 前后系住码头
• 13. 船舶颠簸剧烈，甲板频频上浪。
• 14. 通知轮机长主机换油。
• 15. 兹复本月 3 号来函。
• 16. 请告知船舶呼号。
• 17. 大约在下午 1 ： 30 ，船上医生对受伤者进行了急救，受伤者船
上人员送到了医院。
• 18. 因此，对因此事故而引起的所有损坏、或灭失及费用，我方
将不负任何责任。
• 19. 望速办办理此事，不胜感激。
• 20. 贵方应对船损负全责。

Reference Answers
• 1. S/B engine, half ahd.
• 2. Q’tine anchorage
• 3 ． variation and deviation
• 4. drizzle
• 5. boisterous weather
• 6. F/W eng. (finished with engine )
• 7. started to heave up anchor
• 8. Granted pratique
• 9. 4 shanckles in water ， brought up anchor
• 10. all lines made fast
• 11. Took tug on st’d bow.
• 12. Made fast F and A to the quay.
• 13. Ship labouring heavily, shipping seas on deck frequently

• 14. Notified C/E to change fuel oil.
• 15. in reply to your letter of 7th inst.
• 16. Please advise your vessel’s call sign.
• 17. The first aid was given by ship’s surgeon and at about
1.30 p.m., the injured man was removed to the wharf by ship’s hands.
• 18. Therefore, we will not be responsible for any and all expenses, losses or damages resulted from or in connection with this accident.
• 19. Your prompt attending this matter would be much appreciated
• 20 ． You should be held fully responsible for the damage to the ship.

III Put the following sentences into Chinese
• 1. Secured all derrick booms and other riggings then battened down all hatches.
• 2. Tried out steering gear, whistle and checked up deck watch and telegraph with duty engineer. All in good order.
• 3. Informed C/E/E.R to get ready for engine.
• 4. Stationed all hands for leaving port.
• 5. Single up aft to breast line and spring.
• 6. Fog set in. Fog signal sounded at regulation intervals. Switched on radar. Stationed lookout. 7. S/B engine and slowed down.
• 7 ． Allow me to tell you about the following accident which happened this afternoon to the vessel under my command while lying alongside the Wayside Wharf.
• 8. On behalf of the owners and charterers I further reserve the right to take such further actions as may be considered necessary to protect the interest of these parties.
• 9.. That due warning was given by the hatch watcher just before the accident, by means of hailing as usual to call attention to those people down on the wharf the sling was lowering down.

Reference Answers
• 1. 紧固吊杆及索具，然后封舱。
• 2. 试验舵机、汽笛、对时钟和车钟，一切正常。
• 3. 通知轮机长、机舱备车。
• 4. 前后人员各就各位，离岗。
• 5. 船首留一根头缆和倒缆，其余缆绳解掉。
• 6. 起雾，按规定时限鸣放雾号，开启雷达，派出瞭望，备车减速。
• 7. 请允许我向您告知我船今下午靠“ Wayside” 码头所发生的事故。
• 8. 代表船东和租船人，我方将进一步采取进一步必要措施以保护各利
益方利益的权利。
• 9. 就在事故发生前，舱口值班员像往常那样通过对下面码头上的人呼
喊一吊货正在下落，发出了及时的警告。

• 附参考答案：
• I Multiple choices
• 1-5 ACCCD
• 6-10 AAADC
• 11-15 ADCBB
• 16-20 CBCCC