Clinical Investment Insights Neurosciences Market Trends Ready to Use Presentation Slides Prepared October 2014 2 Road Map 1 Volume and Financial Outlook 2 Service Line Strategy 3 Care Quality 4 Clinical Innovation 5 ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Additional Resources 3 Volume and Financial Outlook Neurosciences a Top Volume Contributor Service Lines by Volume, US Inpatient, 2013 General Medicine Cardiac Services Obstetrics Neonatology General Surgery Orthopedics Neurology Oncology/Hematology Spine Vascular Services Day Case, 2013 13.3 M 4.6 M 4.3 M 4.0 M 2.6 M 2.4 M 1.6 M 1.1 M 907 K 775 K Cardiology Orthopedics ENT Gastroenterology Podiatry Neurology Gynecology Vascular Pain Management Spine 80.7 M 65.9 M 26.9 M 21.9 M 12.3 M 12.0 M 10.6 M 10.6 M 8.1 M 1.0 M Poised for Growth: 10-year Volume Forecasts ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com 7% 43% Inpatient Neurosciences Day Case Neurosciences Source: Advisory Board Inpatient and Day Case Market Estimator tools. 4 Volume and Financial Outlook Sizeable Growth in Volumes Led by Spine Stroke Most Voluminous Inpatient Specialty National Inpatient Neuroscience Growth Trends 2001-2013, US 576,477 Total Growth 575,535 451,625 252,400 237,353 143,925 +1% +79% 289,315 +22% 155,585 +8% 79,885 +12% 71,598 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Craniotomy Acute cerebrovascular disease Epilepsy, convulsions Spinal Fusion Headache, including migraine Source: HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com 5 Volume and Financial Outlook Neurosurgery & Spine Key Drivers of Revenue Cost Containment Key to Maximising Margins Neuroscience Sub-Service Line Average per Case Revenue Inpatient, 2013, US While neurology cases have a lower per case revenue, these services are the gateway to more lucrative surgical cases $25,010 $22,790 $9,280 $10,340 $17,000 $8,230 $12,450 Brain $15,730 $8,770 Fusion Peripheral & Cranial Nerve Disorder $10,670 $4,370 $7,650 $6,810 $7,200 $6,550 $6,410 $6,300 $3,640 $4,010 $3,580 $3,230 $3,350 $3,850 $3,150 $3,400 $2,920 $3,490 Other Surgical Spine Degenerative Disorders Multiple Sclerosis Stroke Direct Cost Higher Contribution Margins ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Seizure/Epilepsy Medical Spine Contribution Margin Lower Contribution Margins Source: Advisory Board Hospital Benchmark Generator tool. 6 Volume and Financial Outlook Majority of Growth Expected in Day Case Setting Tempered Inpatient Growth Due to Outmigration All-Payer Volume Growth Projections, US Volume Growth Projections by Key Sub-Service Lines, US 2013-2018 2013-2018 23% Surgical Spine Neurology Services Neurosurgery Services Spine Services 22.9% 19.2% Neurodiagnostics 19% Sleep 19% Pain Management 17.3% 15% 14% Brain (0.1%) Peripheral & Cranial Nerve Stroke & TIA 2.4% Outpatient 0.1% Inpatient Fusion 12% 3% 2% Seizure/Epilepsy 2% Other Neurology 2% -7% Medical Spine Outpatient ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Inpatient Source: Advisory Board Inpatient and Day Case Market Estimator tools. 7 Volume and Financial Outlook Four Forces Impacting Future Neuroscience Volumes Demographic Shift Funding Pressures Day Case Growth • Aging population driving neuroscience volumes • Hospitals required to provide costeffective care • Patient preference, clinical innovation shifting procedures to the Day Case setting • Incidence of chronic disease, multiple comorbidities rising Services Impacted • Stroke • Degenerative disorders • Spine and pain management ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com • Incentivises standardisation, cost control, and chronic care management Services Impacted • Stroke • Spine and pain management • Degenerative disorders • ASCs and doctor offices new competitors for hospitals Services Impacted • Sleep • Spine and Pain Management Clinical Innovations • Technology improvements driving utilisation • Minimally invasive surgical techniques key innovation Services Impacted • Stroke • Neurosurgery • Surgical spine • Sleep Source: Clinical Investment Insights research and analysis. 8 Road Map 1 Growth and Financial Outlook 2 Service Line Strategy 3 Care Quality 4 Clinical Innovation 5 ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Additional Resources 9 Service Line Strategy Four Key Components of Service Line Strategy Develop Full Continuum of Care Comprehensive offerings for core neuroscience services (stroke and spine) ensures full continuum coverage and optimal disease management Ensure Access & Efficiency Streamlined referral pathways and timely access to providers minimises leakage of patients from system Differentiate with Subspecialty Offerings Niche neurology services offer differentiation opportunity and help regionalise a neuroscience programme Engage doctors Strong relationships between doctors and administration enhances communication and increases likelihood of success of new programmes Source: Clinical Investment Insights research and analysis. ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com 10 Develop Full Continuum of Care Scattershot Approach Creates Shallow Offerings Spine, Stroke Focal Points Given National Demand Unbundling the Neuroscience Service Line Specialty programme Key Services Specialists US National Inpatient Market Size, 2013 • Fusion • Decompression • • Neurosurgeon Physiatrist 907,141 • IV tPA • • Neurologist Interventional neuroradiologist 729,924 • Epilepsy Monitoring Unit • Epilepsy Surgery • • Epileptologist Neurosurgeon 285,795 Degenerative Disorders • Parkinson’s Disease • Alzheimer’s Disease • • Neurologist Neurosurgeon 133,874 Peripheral & Cranial Neurosurgery • Neuroplasty • Peripheral Nerve Surgery • Neurosurgeon 43,429 Spine Stroke & Neurovascular Epilepsy ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Source: Advisory Board research and analysis. 11 Develop Full Continuum of Care Specialty Gaps Result in Missed Opportunity Comprehensive Pathway Ensures Appropriate Utilisation, Patient Satisfaction Covering the Spine Care Continuum Back Pain Care Pathway Identified Spine Opportunity Imaging and Intake Pain Management, Physical Therapy Spine Patients Population by Treatment Type Surgical candidates 10% 90% Require pain management, PT Surgery 1) Pseudonym ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Source: Advisory Board research and analysis. 12 Develop Full Continuum of Care Full Continuum Coverage Needed for Quality Care Mastering Each Step Critical for Disease Management Components of Comprehensive Stroke Care Pathway Community & PCP Office • PCP Providers Involved • Key Action Items • Provide community education Monitor risk factors Emergency Department & OR • • • • • • EMS Neurologist Hospitalist Radiologist Interventionalist Stroke coordinator • Diagnose in timely manner Ensure quick access to radiology & pharmacy Administer IVtPA and/or refer for advanced intervention • • ICU/CCU • • • • • • Rehab & Follow-Up Med Surg Floor Intensivist Neurologist Neuro-trained nurses Stroke coordinator • • • Transition to critical care Stabilise patient after acute intervention • • • • • • • Neurologist Hospitalist Neuro-trained nurses Stroke coordinator Obtain rehab consult Provide discharge education Transition to post-acute setting • • • • PT/OT/ST Neurologist Stroke coordinator PCP Ensure access to IP and OP rehab services Follow-up to ensure compliance Track outcomes Source: Advisory Board research and analysis. ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com 13 Differentiate with Subspecialty Offerings Neurology Clinics Offer Differentiation Opportunity Disease-Based Clinics Match Service to Market Need Components of Disease-Based Clinics Diagnosis and Medical Management Multidisciplinary Collaboration Referral Pathways to Advanced Care Nurse Navigator Patient Outreach and Follow-Up Common Disease-Based Clinic Opportunities • Epilepsy • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) • Parkinson’s Disease • Dementia and Memory Disorders • Sleep Disorders • Headaches ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Source: Advisory Board research and analysis. 14 Differentiate with Subspecialty Offerings Assess Market Forces Before Subspecialising Careful Consideration Ensures Investment Success Assess Internal Capabilities and Resources • Assess internal capabilities, in terms of doctor interest and specialty training • Appraise the availability of resources, such as dedicated clinic space, mid-level staff, and capital needed for the clinic ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Evaluate Market Demand • Assess the demand in the market for the specialty service • Determine if demand necessitates dedicated clinic; if disease is rare and well-managed by medication, clinic may not be necessary Appraise Competition • Gauge external factors, such as competition • Evaluate whether hospital will be able to attract patients and maintain volumes based on services available in local area Source: Advisory Board research and analysis. 15 Ensure Access & Efficiency Triage Driven Patient Pathway Enables Efficiency Reduces Burden of Inappropriate Referrals and Wait Times Standard Care Pathway is Repetitive and Time Consuming Triage Driven Pathway is Efficient and Productive PCP Pain Mgmt. Specialist Inappropriate Subspecialty Neurosurgeon PCP Spine Triage Specialist Neurosurgeon Pain Mgmt. Specialist ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Source: Vickrey et. al (1999). “General neurologist and subspecialist care for multiple sclerosis: patients' perceptions.” Neurology, 53 (6): 1190-7; Clinical Investment Insights research and analysis 16 Ensure Access & Efficiency Utilise Advanced Practitioners to Improve Capacity APs A Cost-Effective Method of Improving Throughput AP Staff Capabilities Administrative Tasks Provide diagnostic/ therapeutic care Improvements in Wait Time to Appointment (Days) at the Cleveland Clinic 14 10 Before Utilizing APs 1) Results from Medical Group Management Association 2011 survey ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com After Utilizing APs Manage preand post-op care Assist in surgery Write prescriptions Finances for Midlevel Staff1 $80K USD $437K USD Mean Salary for PA/NP Median Gross Charges in Surgical Practice Source: Avitzur, O. (2002). “Neurologists Turn to doctor Assistants and Nurse Practitioners.” Neurology Today, 2(7): 33-35; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Montgomera J, Reimbursement Strategies for PA Billing in the Clinic and OR, NASS 2012 Annual Meeting, October 2012; 17 Engage doctors Doctor Support Integral to Programme Development Multiple Planning Imperatives Require doctor Engagement Survey Respondents’ Descriptions of Service Line Alignment Models Alignment Categories n=229 Quality 45% Volunteer Medical Staff 50% 32% Full Employment 17% Clinical Comanagement Medical Service Organization Neurosurgery ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com 5% Protocols • Stroke Care Guidelines • tPA Protocol Compliance • Spine Triage Growth Strategy • Support doctor Relations Outreach Efforts • Promote Hospital Innovation and Research Strategic Planning • programme Development and Service Offerings • Capital Investment 5% 5% Readmissions Falls and Trauma Surgical Site Infection Pressure Ulcers Core Stroke Measures • Length of Stay • Implant and Device Costs • Cost per Case 24% 6% • • • • • Cost 31% Paid Directorships Key Metrics Neuroscience Source: HealthLeader’s Intelligence, “doctor Alignment in an Era of Change,” available at: http://content.hcpro.com/pdf/content/256536.pdf, accessed November 28, 2011; The Advisory Board Company, “Neurosciences: Service Line Strategic Outlook,” Washington, DC; Marketing and Planning Leadership Council and Clinical Investment Insights research and analysis. 18 Engage doctors Involvement in Planning Key to Doctor Engagement Traditional Models for Developing Doctor Leadership Strategic Planning Partner • Doctors attend strategic planning meetings with hospital administrators • Involve doctors in capital prioritisation, programme development, and recruitment Performance-Based Directorship • A portion of the medical director’s compensation is dependent on meeting incentive targets • Incentive metrics based on quality, operational, leadership, administrative, and strategic goals • Present doctors with budget, volumes, market share, and individual performance data ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Source: HealthLeader’s Intelligence, “doctor Alignment in an Era of Change,” available at: http://content.hcpro.com/pdf/content/256536.pdf, accessed November 28, 2011; The Advisory Board Company, “Neurosciences: Service Line Strategic Outlook,” Washington, DC; Marketing and Planning Leadership Council and Clinical Investment Insights research and analysis. 19 Road Map 1 Growth and Financial Outlook 2 Service Line Strategy 3 Care Quality 4 Clinical Innovation 5 ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Additional Resources 20 Care Quality Measuring Quality Integral to Defining Value Shifting Imperatives for Measuring Value Cost Conscious Care Delivery Quality of Outcomes • Patient input • Episodic care/ readmissions ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Value • Value of premium technology • Surgical vs. conservative care Source: Clinical Investment Insights research and analysis 21 Care Quality Collaborative Approach Improves Outcomes Blinded Benchmarking Elevates Care Surgeon evaluates patient, develops surgical treatment plan Treatment Plan Outcomes are presented to surgeons as blinded report cards Treating surgeon adjusts plan as necessary, performs surgery Peer Review Committee Surgery Team of surgeons review plan, make suggestions for changes Data Collection & Analysis Outcomes Review Patient outcomes are collected and analysed Case in Brief: Gilman Hospital1 • 11-clinic system in the Northeast region • Peer review programme supports team input on complex surgeries • Quality tracking programme benchmarks surgeon performance against rest of practice • Peer review process affected treatment choices for 20% of patients 1) Pseudonym ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Source: Shivers, Jennifer. “Advantages of Aligning Stakeholder Expectations.” Presentation at the NASS 2013 Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, October 9-12, 2013. 22 Care Quality Data Collection Goes Beyond Clinical Outcomes Tracking a Range of Metrics Key to Programme Improvement Patient Satisfaction CAHPS; Word-of-Mouth Health-Related Quality of Life Health Outcomes Process Metrics Surrogate Outcomes ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Complexity of Collection Functional Outcomes EQ-5D; HRQOL-14 Data Tracking Supports… • Improved Outcomes ODI; NDI; RMDQ; VAS; SF-36 • Reimbursement Complications; Readmission Rates • Patient Satisfaction • Clinical Collaboration SCIP; Antibiotics • Care Pathway Efficiency Alignment; Range of Motion; Blood Pressure; Seizure Frequency; Sleep Latency Source: Golish, S Raymond. “Surgical Success: Aligning Expectations.” Presentation at the NASS 2013 Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, October 9-12, 2013. 23 Road Map 1 Growth and Financial Outlook 2 Service Line Strategy 3 Care Quality 4 Clinical Innovation 5 ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Additional Resources 24 Clinical Innovation Technology Pipeline for Neurosciences Future-Looking Technologies and Procedures Intraoperative Imaging Real-time imaging platforms and surgical suites designed to improve surgeon visibility O-Arm – Portable imaging platform designed to improve accuracy of pedicle screw placement Intraoperative CT – OR/Imaging suite improves visualisation of bony structures during surgery Intraoperative MRI – OR/Imaging suite improves visualisation of soft tissue during surgery ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Neurology Technologies aimed at increasing access to neurology services Portable Sleep Monitoring – Diagnostic tool enables ambulatory testing for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in high-risk patients Teleneurology – Platform allows for two-way communication between hub and spoke hospital to deliver neurology care ranging from acute stroke to general follow-up Neurosurgery Advanced surgical techniques expand treatment options for complex conditions Deep Brain Stimulation – Implanted neurostimulation system treats and alleviates symptoms of movement disorders NeuroBlate – Laser system ablates soft tissue and lesions considered inoperable using traditional techniques Source: Clinical Investment Insights research and analysis 25 Clinical Innovation O-Arm Results in Marginal Improvements for Fusions Doctor Satisfaction Main Strategic Benefit Misplaced Pedicle Screws in Spinal Fusions Perforation Rate; n=346, p<0.001 National Market for O-arm Eligible Procedures, US IP & OP, 2013 12.8% 3.0% Conventional Fluoroscopy 491K O-Arm 230K Operation Time for MI Spinal Fusion 114K In minutes; n=94, p<0.03 Fusion 221 Decompression Kyphoplasty/ Vertebroplasty 200 Conventional Fluoroscopy ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com O-Arm Source: Houten et al (2012). “Clinical Assessment of Percutaneous Lumbar Pedicle Screw Placement Using the O-arm Multidimensional Surgical Imaging System.” Neurosurgery, 70(4):990-995; Advisory Board Inpatient Market Estimator. 26 Clinical Innovation iCT Comes With Significant Upfront Investment Yet Limited Benefit Over Fluoroscopy, O-Arm Estimated iCT Investment Costs Component Estimated Cost BrainLAB Systems $3,185,000 LEAD Shielding $100,000 Floor Rail System Reinforcement $100,000 Electrical Filtering Design, Engineering $15,000 Siemens CT System $1,100,000 TRUE System 7500 Fixed Pedestal Table $600,000 1 FTE CT Technologist & 1 FTE RN Salary/Benefits $134,000 Annual Maintenance/Support $100,000 Marketing Y1: $15,000 Y2-5: $7,500 Total Initial Costs $5,100,000 ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Pedicle Screw Inaccuracy Using iCT n=12 5.2% 1.2% iCT Traditional Fluoroscopy Source: Clinical Investment Insights Interviews and Analysis; Tormenti et al, “Intraoperative computed tomography image-guided navigation for posterior thoracolumbar spinal instrumentation in spinal deformity surgery” Neurosurg Focus 28 (3): E11, 2010. 27 Clinical Innovation High Price Tag for iMRI May Outweigh Clinical Benefits Allows for Advanced Offerings, Boosts Progressivity Profile Mean Residual Tumor Mass in Resection Surgeries Average Intraoperative MRI Investment Costs n= 47 surgeries Component Estimated Cost Two-room home-grown 1.5T iMRI-OR suite $6,000,000 USD Build-out $3,000,000 USD MRI compatible instruments $280,000 USD Annual maintenance software, support contracts $100,000 USD Annual marketing $10,000 USD MR technologist $56,650 USD Radiology nurse $78,000 USD Total Costs $9,524,650 USD ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com 26% 20% 10% Low-Grade Glioma Without iMRI 5% High-Grade Glioma With iMRI Incremental Direct OR Costs of 1.5T iMRI 2011 $5,250 $22,157 24% increase $22,157 Craniotomy Without Craniotomy With iMRI iMRI Sources: Senft et al. Intraoperative MRI guidance and extent of resection in glioma surgery: a randomised, controlled trial. The Lancet Oncology, 2011; Nimsky, C. et al. Volumetric assessment of glioma removal by intraoperative high-field magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosurgery. August 2004, 55(2), 358-70; Clinical Investment Insights research and analysis. 28 Clinical Innovation Portable Sleep Monitoring Taps Into Vast OSA Market Cost-Effective Device Supports Chronic Care Management Sensitivity and Specificity of Portable Sleep Monitoring Market Opportunity for Ambulatory Sleep Medicine, US 2013 n=102 91% 85% 0.9 M 9M Sensitivity Specificity 18M 3M These levels of sensitivity and specificity compare favorably to conventional polysomnography 31% Overall 5-Year Sleep Study Market Growth in the United States ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com 5.1 M Prevalence of Diagnosed Patients with PSM False Obstructive Population Comorbidities Negatives Sleep Apnea Total Ambulatory Market Opportunity Source: Ayappa et al. “Validation of a self-applied unattended monitor for sleep disordered breathing.” J Clin Sleep Med. 2008. 4(1): 26-37; Healthcare Cost and Utilisation Project (HCUP); Advisory Board Day Case Market Estimator. 29 Clinical Innovation Telemedicine Covers More Than Just Acute Stroke Platforms Utilised to Increase Access Across Neuro Specialties 20% American Academy of Neurology estimates the supply of neurologists will fall 20% below demand by 2020 5.2 Population ratio of 5.2 neurologists per 100,000 people 35 Number of days for a new patient to see a neurologist in 2012 Telemedicine Applications for Other Neuroscience Specialties Acute stroke Sleep Medicine Psychiatry General Diagnostics General Follow-Up General Acute Consults ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Source: Butcher, L. (2011). “Are There Enough Neurologists to Address US Patient Population — Now and for the Future?” Neurology Today, 11 (17):1,11; American Academy of Neurology; Advisory Board research and analysis. 30 Clinical Innovation DBS Offers Clinical Benefits to Growing Population Increasing Market Capture Key to Profitable Investment Seizure Frequency in DBS Patients with Epilepsy DBS Applications Condition Estimated Prevalence, US Drug Refractory Patient Population, US Essential Tremors 10,000,000 - Dystonia 300,000 - Obsessive Compulsive Disorder 2,200,000 220,0002 Parkinson’s 60,000/year1 - Epilepsy 3,000,000 1,200,000 Depression 21,000,000 4,000,000 n = 110; 2010 Baseline Month 0-1 Month 1-2 Month 2-3 Month 3-4 -14.5% -22.2% -21.3% -25.3% -28.7% -33.9% -42.1% Control DBS Implantation ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com DBS -40.4% Emerging applications Source: Thompson, M (2010). “New Avenues in Neuromodulation.” MedTech Insights, 12(6): 48-63; Fisher et al. “Electrical Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus for Treatment of Refractory Epilepsy.” Epilepsia. May 2010. 51(5): 899-908; Denys et all. (2010) “Deep Brain Stimulation of the Nucleus Accumbens for Treatment-Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.” Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(10): 1061-1068 31 Clinical Innovation NeuroBlate Allows for Resection of Inoperable Tumors Early Results Promising, More Data Needed on Long-Term Benefit First-in-humans Phase I Clinical Trial Results for Recurrent Glioblastoma (NeuroBlate) n = 10 Benefits and Challenges of NeuroBlate Adoption Better access to difficult-toreach glioblastoma multiforme 78% 316 Less invasive than traditional craniotomy Promotes quicker recovery Percentage of tumor treated Median survival time (days) Requires extensive doctor training and expertise Long-term outcomes and efficacy still under review Large capital investment ($300-500K USD plus associated software) ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Source: CMS; Sloan, A. E., Ahluwalia, M. S., Valerio-Pascua, J., Manjila, S., Torchia, M. G., Jones, S. E., ... & Barnett, G. H. (2013). Results of the NeuroBlate System first-in-humans Phase I clinical trial for recurrent glioblastoma: clinical article.Journal of neurosurgery, 118(6), 1202-1219; Advisory Board research and analysis. 32 Road Map 1 Growth and Financial Outlook 2 Service Line Strategy 3 Care Quality 4 Clinical Innovation 5 ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com Additional Resources 33 Enhancing Neurosciences Service Line Strategy A Comprehensive Solution for Your Neuro Strategic Needs Clinical Investment Insights • • 1 2 3 Service Line Assessment System Service Rationalisation Technology and Service Business Plans Current and future service line performance evaluation to pinpoint growth and development opportunities Unique insights based on market dynamics to drive fine-tuned recommendations ©2014 The Advisory Board Company • advisory.com • • Strategic recommendations on clinical asset deployment and competitive strategy based on current system structure Tactical recommendations for service investments and distribution • • Comprehensive market and financial analysis to determine investment decisions Concrete plans and prioritisation accounting for institutional priorities, budget, and goals 2445 M Street NW I Washington DC 20037 P 202.266.5600 I F 202.266.5700 advisory.com