‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
NEW APPROACH FOR UNDERFLOOR HEATING
WITH THE USAGE OF PHASE CHANGING MATERIALS
Herman Yuval (Israel)
Sorrentino Elisa (Italy)
Mordechai Lihen (Israel)
Why improve energy consumption in
buildings ?
• Consumes about 40% of
the world’s energy.
• Are responsible for 50% of
the CO2 emissions.
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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Figure 1: energy use for heating
Infra - red under-floor heating
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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Radiant under-floor heating advantages
- Heating uniformity
- Energy consumption
reduces by 20 - 40%
- Heat as sunrays -in term
of health
Figure 2: Comparison between
conventional and radiant heating
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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Comparison of Radiant Heat Technologies
Features
Covered
Area
Heating
Uniformity
Working
Temperature
Insulation
layer cost
Energy
Consumption
Water Based
Heating Wire
Cables
Heating
Ribbons
5%-10%
1%-3%
20%-30%
Poor
Poor
Excellent
50-60°C
50-60°C
30-40° C
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low-Medium
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Disadvantages of the best existing underfloor heating systems
• Energy consumption remains high
• Heating system coverage of the floor is only up
to 30%
• Heating uniformity is relatively bad
• Safety issues (may develop flames)
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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Our Goals
To improve the
thermal comfort
To improve
energy efficiency
To reduce the electricity
bill
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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Our idea - PCM floor
PCM
Floor
Heating Mat
Insulation
material
Floor Slab
Figure3: Structure of the new floor
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What are PCMs?
Figure 4: Pcms
action
Figure 5: Pcms
melting point
graph
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Why use Paraffin as our PCM?
Melting point: 18-22°C
Heating fusion: 172 kj/kg
Cost : 2.5- 3.5 $/Kg
Figure 6: paraffin PCM
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Heating Estimations Calculations
for 1m2 of the floor
BASF ‘s Micronal P.C.M
panel
L= 330 kJ/m2
P = 100W = 0.1KJ/s
S= 1 m2
L= latent heat capacity
P= thermal power
S= area
t= time
Q= thermal energy
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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Using Electricity differential tariff
for our on the system benefit
23:00 to 6:00 – 0.7×normal tariff
figure 7: Israel tariff
The PCM floor allows to switch the
system on only during night time
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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Heating Estimations Calculations for 1m2 of the floor
Amount of the PCM
Can gain
energy for:
Existing Micronal panel with 15% of
PCM
Our P.C.M floor with 90% of PCM
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
1h
6h
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Cooling of the floor
Cooling time: 18 h
Cooling power: P= Q/t
p= 33.3 W/m2
Figure 8: Heating loss from a house
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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Advantages of new heater
• Energy saving – till 15%
• Floor temperature close to the room
temperature
• High covered area - till 90%
• Long life time
• High safety
Figure 9: New approach for heating systems
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CONCLUSION
We improved the thermal comfort by providing a heating
uniformity inside the room through the whole day.
We reduced the electricity bill by switching the system
on for only 7 hours in cheapest time.
We improved energy efficiency by using a new
heating system that prevents energy lost by covering
more surface.
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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How we see the future of PCM
usage?
• Heating panels with high Latent Heat
• Panel weight reducing
• High surface area of heating
elements
• Walls with PCM material
• Roof with PCM material
• Wind or solar panels provide
electricity
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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References
• http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/on-the-horizon-building-with-p-124682
•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_7
•http://www.micronal.de/portal/basf/ien/dt.jsp?setCursor=1_290798
•http://www.lowex.info/projekte/Importe/projekt08/Techn%20data%20PCM%20SmartBoard
%20E.pdf
•http://www.lowex.info/projekte/Importe/projekt08/FL_SmartBoard_e.pdf
•http://www.cmsl.co.nz/assets/sm/5720/61/1635AliceHarland.pdf
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
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For every one who helped us during
these past few months, days and
hours.
To Naama, our advisors, Eli , the
judges and everyone else we
forgot…
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Ribbons versus Wires
Carpet
Normal tariff in UK 17, 85 kw/h
• Faster warming Night tariff 0,7*17,85=12.49 kw/h
•
Energy saving
•
Cheap insulation layer
•
Uniform heat
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
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Calculations for the PCM floor taken from Micronal’s PCM panel
Characteristics of the Micronal panel:
•
Thickness: 15 mm
•
Width: 1250 mm
•
Length: 2000 mm
•
Weight: 11,5 kg/m²
•
Operating temp. 23°C or 26°C
•
Latent heat capacity : 330 kJ/m²
•
Specific heat capacity: 1.20 kJ/kg K
•
Heat conductivity: 0.134 W/m K
‘Sustainergy’ 2nd International Youth Competition
2-6 March 2013
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