Cellular Respiration
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bh__g-ZZ6WA
Group Questions
1)Predict why it is so hard to stay awake in
crowded closed areas like in the video.
• Do not use words like boring, or topic
issues as reasons.
2)Explain what causes this level of exhaustion
without exercise.
Group Questions
1) Predict what the church can do to stop
this from happening.
HINT
Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis,
Fermentation and
the Krebs Cycle
Cellular Respiration
• Process that releases energy by breaking
down food molecules in the presence of
oxygen.
Cellular Respiration
• Process that releases energy by breaking down
food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
• 6 O2 + C6H12O6+Energy 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
Oxygen + Glucose+ Energy
Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
Cellular Respiration
Food provides living things with chemical energy they need
to grow and reproduce.
Cellular Respiration
Food provides living things with chemical energy they need
to grow and reproduce.
Cellular Respiration
Food provides living things with chemical energy they need
to grow and reproduce.
•1 gram of glucose sugar (C6H12O6)
releases 3811 calories.
Cellular Respiration
Food provides living things with chemical energy they need
to grow and reproduce.
•1 gram of sugar glucose (C6H12O6)
releases 3811 calories.
•calories (lowercase c) – amount of
energy needed to raise the temperature
of 1 Gram of water 1 Celsius degree.
Cellular Respiration
Food provides living things with chemical energy they need
to grow and reproduce.
•1 gram of sugar glucose (C6H12O6)
releases 3811 calories.
•calories – amount of energy needed
to raise the temperature of 1
Gram of water 1 Celsius degree.
•Calorie (capital C)- found on nutritional labels is 1
kilocalorie or 1000 calories of energy.
Food is Energy
Glycolysis
1st STEP…GLYCOLYSIS
Glyco 
1st STEP…GLYCOLYSIS
Glyco  Glucose
1st STEP…GLYCOLYSIS
Glyco  Glucose
Lysis 
1st STEP…GLYCOLYSIS
Glyco  Glucose
Lysis  Splitting
Glycolysis in #s
• 1st set of reactions
• Does not require oxygen –
anaerobic.
• Takes place in the
cytoplasm.
• 2 ATP molecules are used
and 4 ATP molecules are
produced.
• Net result in 2 ATP
molecules.
Part 2: The Krebs Cycle
My Name Is What,
My Name Is…
• The Krebs Cycle
AKA…..
• The TCA Cycle
(tricarboxilic acid)
AKA…..
• The Citric Acid Cycle
The Krebs Cycle
• When Oxygen is present the Krebs
cycle follows GLYCOLYSIS.
Hans Krebs
The Krebs Cycle
• When Oxygen is present the Krebs
cycle follows GLYCOLYSIS.
• Pyruvic acid from glycolysis moves
Hans Krebs
into the mitochondria and is broken
down, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) and
NADH, to form Acetyl –CoA.
The Krebs Cycle
• When Oxygen is present the Krebs
cycle follows GLYCOLYSIS.
• Pyruvic acid from glycolysis moves
Hans Krebs
into the mitochondria and is broken
down, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) and
NADH, to form Acetyl –CoA.
• Krebs Cycle & Electron transport chain
The Krebs Cycle
• When Oxygen is present the Krebs
cycle follows GLYCOLYSIS.
• Pyruvic acid from glycolysis moves
Hans Krebs
into the mitochondria and is broken
down, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) and
NADH, to form Acetyl –CoA.
• Krebs Cycle & Electron transport chain
• Remember this is the more efficient path,
has to have oxygen (aerobic), with a NET
result of 36 ATP molecules produced.
The Krebs Cycle
CO2
Pyruv
ate NADH
Krebs Cycle
• Next process in cellular
respiration that require O2
(aerobic).
• Pyruvic acid is broken down
into carbon dioxide (CO2).
This is a waste product as well
as water while ATP is being
generated.
• Krebs Cycle & Electron
transport chain
• Net result in 36 ATP
molecules are produced.
Fermentation
• Releases energy from food molecules
without oxygen.
• Two main types:
– Alcohol Fermentation (anerobic) – yeasts
produce CO2 and alcohol. Produces bread to
rise.
– Lactic Acid Fermentation – pyruvic acid
converted to lactic acid. Produced in your
muscles during rapid exercise after the O2 runs
out. Build-up causes a “burning” sensation.
Then What happens??
• Fermentation
(Anaerobic)
Alcohol
– yeasts
make CO2 and Alcohol
Lactic Acid –
produced in muscles
when no O2
• Respiration
(Aerobic)
Krebs Cycle
and Electron Transport
Then What happens??
• Fermentation
(Anaerobic)
-
Less Energy
2 ATP
• Respiration
(Aerobic)
-
MOST
Energy
Alcohol
– yeasts
make CO2 and Alcohol
Lactic Acid –
produced in muscles
when no O2
Krebs Cycle
and Electron Transport
Aerobic vs Anerobic Respiration
• Aerobic respiration produces 36 ATP
molecules of energy
• Anerobic respiration produces 2 ATP
molecules of energy.
Energy and Exercise
• Quick Energy– Enough ATP in cells normally for about a 5
second sprint.
– Lactic acid production of ATP in muscles will
last about another 90 seconds. To remove extra
ATP with oxygen, at the end of a race a runner
must breathe heavily.
• Long-Term Energy
– Cellular respiration that uses up glycogen after
15 to 20 minutes.
– Long term energy will then come from stored
molecules including fats.
Photosynthesis vs Cellular
Respiration
•
•
•
•
Almost opposite processes
Photosynthesis deposits energy
Cell Resp. withdraws energy.
The chemical equations are reversed.
Experiment
Elodea & Snails
Experimental Design
•Setup 5 Tubes in a closed system
•2 control, 3 experimental
•Indicator Solution
•Bromothymol Blue (BTB) – is an acid – base
indicator. It measures the concentration of
dissolved CO2.
Lots of
Lots of
CO2
O2
Experimental Design
•Tube 1 – Water & BTB
•Tube 2 – Water, BTB, & CO2
•Tube 3 – Water, BTB, & Elodea (Plant)
•Tube 4 – Water, BTB, CO2, Elodea, & snails
•Tube 5 – Water, BTB, & snails
•Hypothesize what would
happen in each of the 5 tubes
•Explain your hypothesis.
Experiment 24 hr. Time Lapse
http://www.scienceman.com/science10/pgs/techid_u3_10.html
Experimental DATA
Oxygen (mg/L)
Time (s)
0
Tube 1
Tube 2
Tube 3
Tube 4
Tube 5
4.4
0.0
4.4
4.4
4.4
(1hr)
3600
4.4
0.0
4.8
4.3
4.3
(3hrs)
10800
4.4
0.0
6.0
4.4
4.0
(9hrs)
32400
4.4
0.0
6.8
4.2
3.8
(15hrs)
54000
4.4
0.0
7.4
4.5
3.6
(24hrs)
86400
4.4
0.0
8.0
4.4
3.0
Using your laptops:
1) Put all the data into a table
2) Make graphs for tubes 3,4, and 5
3) Answer expanding question:
 Why would experiments and information about
respiration in closed systems be important to
N.A.S.A.