NGOs as nonmarket shapers Governance
Tony Koehn
AGSM 653
Remember the Key Issues:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Environment
Labor Standard
Poverty
Globalization
Animal Rights
Working Relationships
NGO – Corporate Community
•
•
CorpWatch.org
An NGO opposing corporate-led globalization through education
and the fostering of democratic control over corporations by
building grassroots globalization for human rights, labor rights
and environmental justice.
United Nations Global Compact
A code of conduct for large companies launched by Kofi Annan,
the United Nations Secretary-General in 2000. The Nine UN'
Principles for multinational and transnational companies recognize
various forms of human rights, labor/worker rights, and
environmental rights.
“The NGO-Industrial Complex”
By Gary Gereffi, Ronie Garcia-Johnson, and Erika Sasser
“Supporters believe that certification efforts
embody a new model for global corporate
governance—no mean feat when national
governments appear unable to constrain
powerful multinational corporations…Some
observers even fear that certification driven by
activists and corporations will preempt or
supplant altogether the role of states and
international organizations in addressing
corporate accountability as free trade expands
around the globe.”
Working Relationships
NGO – Government
• Human Rights Watch
NGO dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the
world.
• Transparency International
NGO dedicated to curbing both international and national
corruption.
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
The OECD, an international organization helping governments tackle
the economic, social and governance challenges of a globalized
economy.
“NGOs and UN: evolving partnership”
Furgus Watts – World Federalists of Canada
“The proliferation of NGOs across the
world and the diverse roles they play
suggests that they will be a continuing
force in global policy making. A major
challenge in the years ahead is to develop
the public- private partnerships which can
fully enable and encourage non-state
actors to offer their contributions to
effective global governance.”
The United States Agency for
International Development
• In the case of small business, chambers of commerce, trade
associations, and other NGOs will be logical choices for USAID
assistance and capacity development. In turn, these NGOs will help
field missions in assessing and reforming the enabling environment
for growth of small business.
• Similarly, in the case of democratic local governance, participation
and advocacy will frequently be expressed through NGOs. These
NGOs can have powerful influence on local and national
governments--in some cases resulting in fractious relations. USAID
missions will need to have an excellent understanding of relations
between various levels of government and NGOs as they engage in
policy dialogue, especially in the area of democratic governance.
Reading List
List of NGOs:
www.etown.edu/vl/ngos.html
Union of International Associations:
www.uia.org/uiafaqs/faqorg.htm#NGO
Definition of an NGO:
www.undp.org/ppp/library/files/maslyu01.html
Academics Studying Nike:
http://cbae.nmsu.edu/~dboje/nike/nikemain1.html
Nike’s Social Responsibility web site:
www.nikebiz.com/social/index.shtml
Textile activist:
www.cleanclothes.org
Reading List – cont’d
Publications:
www.foreignpolicy.com/issue_julyaugust_2001/gereffi.html#bio#bio
www.globalpolicy.org/ngos/analysis/wfedcan.htm
www.usaid.gov/pubs/npi/corerept/npi-ngo.htm
www.cipe.org/topics/governance/
www.amcham.org.sg/Downloads/edelman.ppt
www.earthsummit2002.org/es/issues/Governance/governance.htm
http://europa.eu.int/comm/employment_social/soc-dial/csr/csr_links.htm
www.unglobalcompact.org/
www.corpwatch.org/
Reading List – cont’d
Publications:
www.hrw.org/
www.transparency.org/
www.icgn.org/
www.oecd.org/
www.nautilus.org/enviro/index.html