• 91. Cell Reproduction Notebook Check
• 92. Karyotype Lab (graded)
• 93. Intro to Genetics Reading Guide (stamped)
• 94. Genetics Notes
• 95. Punnett Squares
• 96. Complex Genetics
• 97. Practice Worksheet
• 98. Oompa Loompa Genetics
• 99. Genetic Diseases
• 100. Pedigrees
• 101. Biotechnology
• 102. Genetics Review
• 103. Genetics Notebook Check
a medical procedure used to
diagnose chromosomal disorders in a
developing fetus. A small amount of
amniotic fluid, which contains fetal
tissues, is extracted from the
amniotic sac surrounding a
developing fetus, and the DNA is
examined.
• Gregor Mendel = father of heredity
–Mid 1800s
–Studied garden pea plants (because they
could produce purebred individuals)
–Studied how traits were passed from one
generation to the next
–Mendel came up with several important
concepts
1. Parents pass on genes
2. For each trait, an organism has 2 genes (1
allele from Mom and 1 from Dad)
3. Alleles can be dominant and recessive
• Tall plants could equal TT or Tt, short = tt
• Genotype = genetic make-up for trait (TT)
• Phenotype = physical look of trait (tall)
• If organisms contain two identical
alleles for a trait, it shows that trait.
Curly hair = HH
Straight hair = hh
• If organisms contain two different
alleles for a trait, it shows the
dominant trait.
Curly hair = Hh
The genes for traits found on different
chromosomes separate independently when
gametes are made.
Used to
predict the
possible
combinations
of dominant
and recessive
alleles in the
offspring.
Genotypic ratio = 1 RR : 2 Rr : 1 rr
Phenotypic ratio = 3 pink : 1 yellow
• Dad = XY, some
sperm have X, some
have Y
• Mom = XX, all eggs
have X because
that’s all Mom has
to donate
• Who determines
gender of baby –
Mom or Dad?
A deliberate genetic
cross with a
homozygous
recessive individual
that can be used to
determine whether
an organism is
homozygous or
heterozygous
dominant for a trait.
Phenotype is a mix of genetics
and environment
Mostly
Environment
Language
Religion
Mix
Height
Weight
Intelligence
Mostly
Genetic
Blood type
Eye color
Sometimes genetics isn’t
always as simple as Mendel’s
Law of Dominance
Allele pairs separate independently during the
formation of gametes. Traits are transmitted
to offspring independently of one another.
Allele pairs separate independently during the
formation of gametes. Traits are transmitted
to offspring independently of one another.
Allele pairs separate independently during the
formation of gametes. Traits are transmitted
to offspring independently of one another.
Allele pairs separate independently during the
formation of gametes. Traits are transmitted
to offspring independently of one another.
Allele pairs separate independently during the
formation of gametes. Traits are transmitted
to offspring independently of one another.
1. Refers to an individual’s observable traits.
2. Which of the following describes a phenotype?
a. Gg
b. homozygous
c. dimples
d. heterozygous
3. What term describes an organism in which two
alleles for a trait are different?
4. Crossing a purebred, purple-flowered plant with a
purebred, white-flowered plant can be symbolized
by which of the following genotype crosses?
a. Ff X ff
b. FF X ff c. Ff X Ff d. FF X FF
5. Two pea plants are crossed, TT X tt. Make a
Punnett Square. Write the genotypic ratio.
6. AB blood is a result of what type of inheritance?
7. Chromosomes other than those involved in sex
determination are known as…
8. Non-disjunction involving the X chromosome
occurs during oogenesis and produces XX eggs
and 0 eggs. If normal Y sperm fertilize the eggs,
which genotypes are possible?
a. XX &XY b. XXY &YO c. XYY & X0 d. XYY & X0
9. Huntington’s disease is what type of disease?
10.
I, II, III, IV
a) Individual showing the
trait being tracked
b) Male
c) Generation #
d) Offspring with birth
order left to right
e) Female
f) Marriage/mating
g) Sex undetermined