Meiosis and Genetic
Basics
By: Diane Ahumada and Maria Garcia
Purpose
reduce the normal diploid to
haploid cells, called gametes. In
humans, these special haploid cells
resulting from meiosis are eggs
(female) or sperm (male).
Basic Sexual
Reproduction
● Basic Sexual Reproduction
is the formation of a new
individual following the
union of two gametes. In
humans and the majority of
other eukaryotes — plants
as well as animals — the
two gametes
What are Gametes?
● A reproductive cell or sex cell that contains the haploid
set of chromosomes
o The Male reproduction are sperm cell (Daughter cell)
and Spermatozoon(Parent cell)
o The Female reproduction are eggs cell (Daughter cell)
and Ovum (Daughter cell)
What is genotype and phenotype
• Genotype is is the genetic makeup of a cell, an organism, or an
individual usually with reference to a specific characteristic under
consideration.
• Phenotype is of an organism depends on which genes are dominant
and on the interaction between genes and environment.
What are traits?
• Traits are characteristic you are passed from
your parents
• Depending whether they are dominant
• Some of the traits included attach
• earlobes, eye colors, freckles
Allele
One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by
mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
Dominant (+):
An allele or a gene that is expressed in an organism’s
phenotype, masking the effect of the recessive allele or gene
when present.
Recessive (-):
Of, or pertaining to, a gene (or allele) whose phenotypic
expression is masked by a dominant gene (or allele).