Texas
Revolution
Revolution Begins
Chapter 9
Section 1
Gen. Cos
Mexican Army
Arrives in Texas
• Mex. fears disloyalty among Texans
• Mex. Soldiers unable to control tense
situations
• General Cós arrives in San Antonio
with 650 soldiers
• Settlers uneasy – formed committees
of correspondence
Gonzales – The
Lexington of Texas
• 1st conflict between Mxn troops and Txn
colonists – Oct 2, 1835
• Mxn Col. Ugartechea wanted Gonzales
cannon
• Txn Col. John H. Moore (plus 160 Txns) said
“Come and Take It”
• Similar to British troops
trying to disarm Amer.
Colonists during
American Revolution
On to San
Antonio
• Oct 9th – 120 Txns surprise Goliad garrison (1st Tx
bloodshed – Samuel McCulloch; free Afr. Am)
• Txns now believe Mxn troops could be defeated
easily
• Txns prepare to march against Cós in San
Antonio
• Stephen F. Austin takes command of Army of the
People (300 Txns) and marches to San Antonio
Peace Party Prevails at the
Consultation
War Party
• Favored
immediate
declaration of
independence
• No longer live
peaceably under
Mex. rule
Peace Party
• Oppose Santa Anna
• Objected to
immediate
independence
• Fighting for Mex.
Constitution of 1824
– Tex separate Mxn
state
– Representation in govt
Consultation
• Peace Party wins
• “Declaration of the People of Texas
in General Convention Assembled”
–
–
–
–
Printed in both English and Spanish
Loyal citizens of Mexico
Support Mex. Constitution of 1824
Take up arms against military
dictatorship if needed
Henry Smith
James Robinson
Provisional
Government
Begins
• Temporary government created by
Consultation
• Governor – Henry Smith (War)
• Lt. Governor – James W. Robinson (War)
• General council from municipalities –
locally governed areas (Peace)
• Regular army – full-time, paid soldiers; Sam
Houston as commander
Texas Revolution
The Capture of San Antonio
Chapter 9
Section 2
Deaf Smith
Edward Burleson
The
Grass
Fight
• Stephen F. Austin gives up command of
army to go to U.S. to plea for assistance
• Edward Burleson takes over command of
volunteer army
• Erastus “Deaf” Smith (scout) reports of Mxn
cavalry and mule train (silver $$)
• Carry only grass for Cós’ cavalry horses
Ben Milam
Assault on San
Antonio
• Many Txns went home
– Winter; no coats; little military action
• Ben Milam – captured Goliad and headed to San
Antonio (necessary for independence) – Dec 5th
• Txn volunteers pushed Mxn troops toward the
center of town (Alamo)
• Dec 9th – Cós (supplies gone) surrenders and
allowed to return to Mex.
• 400 Texans defeated 1,000 Mexican troops
• Txns believe war is over and go home
Tejanos and
African Americans
Join the Fight
Capt. Juan Seguin
• 100 Tejanos were in the Texas army at San
Antonio
– Capt. Juan Seguin recruited volunteers
– Placido Benavides brought extra volunteers
– Manuel Flores
• Hendrick Arnold, free Afr. Amer., guide
Milam’s troops in the Siege of Béxar
– Greenbury Logan – 3rd Texan wounded at San
Antonio (crippled for life)
The Provisional Government
• Permanent Council
– Created post office; plans for army and navy
– Appealed to U.S. for more men, supplies, & $
• Gov. Henry Smith argues frequently with
general council
– Hold a convention in March 1836; attack the
town of Matamoros
• Early 1836 – Texas arguing; not preparing
for Santa Anna
Texas Revolution
The Convention of 1836
Chapter 9
Section 3
Santa Anna Crosses into
Texas
• Convention called for in
March 1836; hoped
Santa Anna wouldn’t
move until then
• Santa Anna crossed
the Rio Grande in
February 1836
• Santa Anna arrived in
San Antonio – February
23, 1836
• Texans moved into The
Alamo
The Convention
Declares
Independence
•
•
•
•
Met in Washington-on-the-Brazos
Members
– 2 native Texans; 45 southern U.S.; 1 Mexico; 1 Ireland; 1 England;
1 Scotland; 1 Canada; 7 northern U.S.
Chairman (Richard Ellis)
Texas Declaration of Independence
– Written by George C. Childress
– Similar to U.S. Declaration of Independence
– States the Santa Anna’s govt violated the liberties guaranteed
under the Mexican Constitution of 1824
• Freedom of religion; right to trial by jury; right to bear arms;
right to petition; failed to provide public education
– March 2 – Texas Independence Day
The Delegates
Write a
Constitution
• Completed March 16,
1836
• Similar to U.S.
Constitution
– 3 branches of
government
– Bill of Rights
• Freedom of speech,
religion, press; trial by
jury; basic civil rights
– Joint property of
spouses
– Slavery legal
President David
G. Burnet
Secretary of War
Thomas Rusk
The Ad Interim
Government Takes
Control
Vice-President
Lorenzo de Zavala
Commander of the Army
Sam Houston
Santa Anna Advances
• Convention adjourns March 17
• Santa Anna believed to be approaching;
convention members scatter in all
directions
• President Burnet and his cabinet leave
Washington-on-the-Brazos and establish a
government at Harrisburg (outside of
present-day Houston); fled later to
Galveston