Official Company Communication
Periodontal relevance of Omega-3 fatty acids (from marine lipid concentrate):
1. Chapple IL. Potential mechanisms underpinning the nutritional modulation of periodontal
inflammation. J Am Dent Assoc. 2009 Feb;140(2):178-84.
2. Raffaelli L, Serini S, Piccioni E, Manicone PF, Berardi D, Perfetti G, Calviello G. N-3
polyunsaturated fatty acid effect in periodontal disease: state of art and possible mechanisms
involved. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2008 Apr-Jun;21(2):261-6.
3. Kesavalu L, Bakthavatchalu V, Rahman MM, Su J, Raghu B, Dawson D, Fernandes G, Ebersole
JL. Omega-3 fatty acid regulates inflammatory cytokine/mediator messenger RNA expression in
Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced experimental periodontal disease. Oral Microbiol Immunol.
2007 Aug;22(4):232-9.
4. Kesavalu L, Vasudevan B, Raghu B, Browning E, Dawson D, Novak JM, Correll MC, Steffen MJ,
Bhattacharya A, Fernandes G, Ebersole JL. Omega-3 fatty acid effect on alveolar bone loss in
rats. J Dent Res. 2006 Jul;85(7):648-52.
Periodontal relevance of antioxidants:
5. Beck JD, Offenbacher S, Williams R, Gibbs P, Garcia R. Periodontitis: a risk factor for coronary
heart disease? Ann Periodontol. 1998 Jul;3(1):127-41.
6. Blum A, Front E, Peleg A. Periodontal care may improve systemic inflammation. Clin Invest Med.
2007;30(3):E114-7.
7. Chapple IL, Milward MR, Dietrich T. The prevalence of inflammatory periodontitis is negatively
associated with serum antioxidant concentrations. J Nutr. 2007 Mar;137(3):657-64.
8. Chapple IL, Brock GR, Milward MR, Ling N, Matthews JB. Compromised GCF total antioxidant
capacity in periodontitis: cause or effect? J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Feb;34(2):103-10. Epub 2006
Dec 13.
9. Demmer and Desvarieux Periodontal infections and cardiovascular disease: the heart of the
matter. JADA 2006;137: 4-20S.
10. Fentoglu and Bozkurt The Bi-Directional Relationship between Periodontal Disease and
Hyperlipidemia. Eur J Dent 2008; 2:142-49.
11. Watts A, Crimmins EM, Gatz M. Inflammation as a potential mediator for the association between
periodontal disease and Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2008 Oct;4(5):865-76.
12. Chandra RV, Prabhuji ML, Roopa DA, Ravirajan S, Kishore HC. Efficacy of lycopene in the
treatment of gingivitis: a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Oral Health Prev Dent.
2007;5(4):327-36.
Periodontal relevance of grape extracts (resveratrol, and grape seed extract):
13. Wu CD. Grape products and oral health. J Nutr. 2009 Sep;139(9):1818S-23S.
14. Houde V, Grenier D, Chandad F. Protective effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins against
oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharides of periodontopathogens. J Periodontol. 2006
Aug;77(8):1371-9.
15. Park HJ, Jeong SK, Kim SR, Bae SK, Kim WS, Jin SD, Koo TH, Jang HO, Yun I, Kim KW, Bae
MK. Resveratrol inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial
adhesion molecule expression by suppressing NF-kappaB activation. Arch Pharm Res. 2009
Apr;32(4):583-91.
16. Andreou V, D'Addario M, Zohar R, Sukhu B, Casper RF, Ellen RP, Tenenbaum HC. Inhibition of
osteogenesis in vitro by a cigarette smoke-associated hydrocarbon combined with
Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide: reversal by resveratrol. J Periodontol. 2004
Jul;75(7):939-48.
17. Singh SU, Casper RF, Fritz PC, Sukhu B, Ganss B, Girard B Jr, Savouret JF, Tenenbaum HC.
Inhibition of dioxin effects on bone formation in vitro by a newly described aryl hydrocarbon
receptor antagonist, resveratrol. J Endocrinol. 2000 Oct;167(1):183-95.
Periodontal relevance of calcium & vitamin D:
18. Miley DD, Garcia MN, Hildebolt CF, Shannon WD, Couture RA, Anderson Spearie CL, Dixon DA,
Langenwalter EM, Mueller C, Civitelli R. Cross-sectional study of vitamin D and calcium
supplementation effects on chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2009 Sep;80(9):1433-9.
Periodontal relevance of N-acetyl L-cysteine:
19. Kim do Y, Jun JH, Lee HL, Woo KM, Ryoo HM, Kim GS, Baek JH, Han SB. N-acetylcysteine
prevents LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and MMP2 production in gingival fibroblasts.
Arch Pharm Res. 2007 Oct;30(10):1283-92.