Endocrine System Test
1.
In the list of statements below pick the proper definition and example of Endocrine gland.
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Secrete products (hormones) into ducts which empty into body cavities or body surface
Secrete products (hormones) into bloodstream
Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pineal
Sweat, oil, mucous, & digestive glands
a. I and III
b. I and IV
c. II and III
d. II and IV
Slide #6
2.
All of the following are general functions of hormones EXCEPT:
a. Metabolism
b. All brain activity
c. Biological clock
d. Growth & development
e. Reproduction
Slide #7
3.
Within the human body we have roughly how many hormone receptors
a)
b)
c)
d)
2 000-5 000
2 000-10 000
2000- 100 000
2000- 1 000 000
Slide #11
4. Choose the two descriptions that most correctly define Up-regulation
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Excess hormone, produces a decrease in number of receptors
Receptors undergo endocytosis and are degraded
Decreased sensitivity of target cells to hormone
Deficiency of hormone, produces an increase in the number of receptors
V.
Target tissue is more sensitive to the hormone
a)
b)
c)
d)
I, II and III
I and II
II, IV, and V
IV and V
Slide #11
5. Using a) to represent circulating hormones and b) to represent local hormones place the
appropriate letter by the description.
_a_ act on distant targets
_b_ paracrines act on neighboring cells
_b_ autocrines act on same cell that secreted them
_a_ travel in blood
Slide#13
6.
When the hormone binds to the cell surface or the receptor inside target cell, the cell may then do
all of the following EXCEPT:
a) synthesize new molecules
b) Activate the construction of new cells
c) change permeability of membrane
d) alter rates of reactions
Slide#18
7.
One single molecule of hormone can bind to a receptor and activate:
a)
b)
c)
d)
100 G-proteins
1000 G-proteins
10 000 G-proteins
millions of G-proteins
Slide #25
8.
All of the following are true about Cholera Toxin EXCEPT
a)
It is deadly because it produces massive watery diarrhea and person dies from dehydration
b) Toxin of cholera bacteria causes G-protein to lock in activated state in intestinal epithelium
c) Intestinal cells actively transport chloride (Na+ and water follow) OUT of the lumen
d) Person die unless ions and fluids are replaced & receive antibiotic treatment
Slide #26
9.
Using a) for Permissive effect, b) for Synergistic effect and c) for Antagonistic effect place the
appropriate letter by the statement below:
_c_ insulin promotes glycogen formation & glucagon stimulates glycogen breakdown
_a_ a second hormone, strengthens the effects of the first
_b_ two hormones acting together for greater effect
_b_ estrogen & LH are both needed for oocyte production
_a_ thyroid strengthens epinephrine’s effect upon lipolysis
_c_ two hormones with opposite effects
Slide #27
10. Hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland with how many different releasing & inhibiting
hormones.
a)
b)
c)
d)
5
9
7
15
Slide #33
11. The majority of the pituitary is located in which lobe?
a) Anterior
b) Posterior
Slide #34
12. Name the functional attachment from the pituitary to the brain.
a) sella turcica
b) pituicytes
c) hypothalamus
d) Infundibulum
13. A baby drops deep into the uterus stimulating stretch receptors that produce a hormone s which
acts on the pituitary to produce oxytocin stimulating uterine contraction and further dropping the
baby in the uterus. This is an example of:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Positive feedback loop
Negative feedback loop
Hormone hyposecretion
Antagonistic hormone effects
Slide 27-32
14. Which one of the following four descriptors is correct describing the flow of blood to the anterior
pituitary:
a. Controlling hormones enter the blood, blood enters the anterior pituitary at the
capillaries and finally it travels through the portal veins.
b. Controlling hormones enter the blood, they then travel through the portal veins and
finally enter anterior pituitary at the capillaries.
c. Travel through the portal veins, entering the anterior pituitary at the capillaries and
finally the hormones enter the blood.
d. None of the above is correct.
Slide #35, 36
15. All of the following are correct about human growth hormone EXCEPT:
a. Produced by somatotrophs
b. common target cells are liver, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and striated muscle.
c. increases cell growth & cell division by increasing their uptake of amino acids &
synthesis of proteins
d. stimulate lipolysis in adipose so fatty acids used for ATP (energy)
e. retard use of glucose for ATP production so blood glucose levels remain high enough to
supply brain
Slide #37
16. The regulation of human growth hormone is correct in which of the following examples:
a. Low blood sugar stimulates GHIH from hypothalamus and therefore more glycogen is
broken down into glucose by liver cells
b. High blood suger stimulates GNRH from hypothalamus and therefore less human
growth hormone is produced from anterior pituitary resulting in no glycogen
breakdown.
c. Low blood suger stimulates GNRH from hypothalamus and therefore more human
growth hormone is produced from anterior pituitary resulting in no glycogen
breakdown.
d. None of the above is correct
Slide #38, 39
17. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) directly regulates which of the following processes:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gastrointestinal motility
Neural synapse frequency
Metabolic rate
Liver function
Slide #41
18. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) regulates all of the following EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
conception
initiates the formation of follicles within the ovary
stimulates follicle cells to secrete estrogen
stimulates sperm production in testes
Slide #42
19. In females Luteinizing Hormone stimulates (LH) all of the following EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
secretion of estrogen
ovulation of 2nd oocyte from ovary
formation of corpus luteum
stimulates interstitial cells to secrete testosterone
Slide #43
20. Which of the following is INCORRECT about Prolactin (PRL)
a. Under right conditions, prolactin causes milk production
b. Suckling increases levels of hypothalamic inhibition and prolactin levels decrease along
with milk production
c. Nursing ceases & milk production slows
d. All are correct about prolactin
Slide #44
21. The posterior pituitary gland secretes which two hormones
a.
b.
c.
d.
FSH and TSH
LH and HGF
FSH and HGF
Oxytocin and antidiurectic hormone.
Slide #47, 48
22. Vasopressin has all of the following functions EXCEPT:
a)
b)
c)
d)
decrease urine production
increases heart rate
decrease sweating
increase blood pressure
Slide #52
23. In dehydration all of the following occur within the body EXCEPT:
a)
b)
c)
d)
ADH is inhibited
Kidneys retain more sodium and water
Sudoriferous glands decrease water loss by perspiration from the skin
Arterioles constrict to increase blood pressure.
Slide #53, 54
24. Which of the following thyroid hormones is responsible for the building of bone:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Triiodothyronine
Thyroxine
Calcitonin
thyroglobulin
Slide #62, 63
25. The parathyroid gland has all of the following functions EXCEPT:
a)
b)
c)
d)
increase activity of osteoclasts
increases reabsorption of calcium by kidney
increases reabsorption of phosphate
increases absorption of calcium and magnesium by the intestinal tract
Slide #68
26. 95% of hormone activity is due to
a)
b)
c)
d)
Pituitary
Hypothalamus
Cortisol
All of the above
Slide #80
27. Name four areas of the body that produce hormones
1. Hypothalamus
2. Adrenals
3. Pituitary
4. Pancreas
28. Match the pancreatic cell with the material that it secretes
_d_ alpha cell
a. insulin
_a_ beta cell
b. somatostatin
_b_ delta cell
c. pancreatic poly peptide
_c_ F-cell
d. glucagon
Slide 84, 85
29. What is the most crucial importance of the thymus gland.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Responsible for setting the biological clock
Regulates glucagon and insulin
Responsible for maturation of T cells
Responsible for the reabsorption of sodium and chloride
Slide #94
30. The Pineal Gland is located in which part of the body.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Heart
Lungs
Kidneys
Brain
Slide #90
Lifecycle nutrition Test questions
31. During pregnancy the daily caloric increase necessary to support a healthy fetus is:
a) 100 calories/day
b) 300 calories/day
c) 500 calories/day
d) 600 calories/day
Slide #4
32. What is the healthy weight gain during pregnancy:
a)
b)
c)
d)
10-20 lbs
25-35lbs
30-40lbs
More than 50lbs
Slide #6
33. Which of the following special vitamins deficiencies will result in neural tube defects?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Calcium
Iron
Folate
Potassium
Slide #7
34. Match the vitamin with the daily recommended intake for a pregnant female.
_d_ Vitamin D
_a_ Folate
_b_ Calcium
_c_ Iron
Slide #7, 9
a.
b.
c.
d.
400mcg/day
1200-1500 mg/day
30 mg/day
10 mcg/day
35. Infants daily caloric requirements are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
1000 calories/day
2000 calories/day
4000 calories/day
5000 calories/day
Slide #12
36. Female weight increases during adolescence can be
a)
b)
c)
d)
25lbs
35lbs
45lbs
55lbs
Slide #14
37. During adolescence caloric intake for males can be as high as _______ to maintain lean muscle.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1000 calories/day
2000 calories/day
4000 calories/day
5000 calories/day
Slide #15