http://www.kddresearch.org
http://www.cis.ksu.edu/~bhsu
Readings:
Sections 12.6-12.10, Foley et al
(Reference) 10.15-10.17 Hearn and Baker 2 e
Slide Set 5, VanDam (8b, 11/09/1999)
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

• Readings
– Sections 12.6-12.10, Foley et al
–
Outside reading (optional): 10.15-10.17 Hearn and Baker 2 e
– Outside reading (required): Slide Set 8b, VanDam (11/09/1999)
• Last Time
–
Overview: data structures
– Boolean set operations (12.2 FVD), primitive instancing (12.3 FVD), sweeps (12.4
FVD), boundary representations (B-reps, 12.5 FVD)
• Today
–
Spatial partitioning representations
• Cell decomposition
•
(Planar and) Spatial occupancy: pixel, voxel
• Hierarchical spatial occupancy: quadtrees, octrees; algorithms
– Binary Space Partitioning (BSP) trees
–
Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG)
• Next Class: Color Models; Visible Surface Determination (Intro)
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

• Modeling Solid Objects
– Data structures
•
Boundary representations (aka B-reps): describe solid in terms of surfaces
• Spatial partitioning representations: describe solid in terms of subparts
–
Basic algorithms
• Construction (aka composition): form new structure by composing primitives
•
Intersection: compute intersection point (if any) with ray, line, other structure
• Point classification: tell whether query point lies inside or outside
• Spatial Partitioning
–
Cell decomposition: breaking complex object up into primitive cells
– Planar and spatial occupancy
•
Voxel: volumetric unit (typically cubic, resulting in cuberille)
• Hierarchical: variable-granularity decomposition, e.g., quadtrees and octrees
–
Binary Space Partitioning (BSP) tree: break space up into half-spaces
–
Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG): combine primitives using Boolean set operators and modify them using (unary) transformation operations
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

• Solid Modeling: Overview
– Data structures
•
Boundary representations (B-reps): last time
• Spatial partitioning representations: today
–
Algorithms
• Construction (composition)
•
Intersection, point classification
– Know: difference between B-reps and spatial partitioning; pros and cons
• Spatial Partitioning (Review Guide)
–
Cell decomposition
– know how to obtain for composite object (simple primitives)
– Planar and spatial occupancy
•
Simple: uniform subdivision (grid / pixel, volumetric / voxel)
• Hierarchical: quadtrees and octrees – know how to obtain for 2D, 3D scenes
–
Binary Space Partitioning (BSP) trees
– know how to obtain for simple 2D object
–
Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG)
– know typical primitives, how to combine
• Next Class: Color Models; Visible Surface Data Structures
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

• Course Information: Format, Exams, Resources, Assignments, Grading
• Overview
–
Topics covered
– What is computer graphics?
– Applications
• Brief Tour of Computer Graphics
– A case study and some demos
– Survey of rendering and animation systems
–
Applications to computer-aided design (CAD), manufacturing (CAM), and engineering (CAE)
• Brief Tour of Visualization Systems
–
Information, data, and scientific visualization
–
Focus on informational graphics
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

• Instructor: William H. Hsu
– E-mail: bhsu@cis.ksu.edu
–
Phone: (785) 532-6350 (office), (785) 539-7180 (home)
– Office hours: before class; by appointment
• Grading
–
Assignments (6): 25%, reviews (4): 5%, class participation: 10%, midterm: 15%, final: 25%, project: 25%
– Lowest homework score and lowest paper review score dropped
• Homework
–
Six (6) assignments: programming (2), written (2), application (2)
– Late policy: due on Fridays; -10% credit per day after due date
– Cheating: don’t do it; see introductory handout for policy
• Project Option
– 3-hour project option for graduate students (CIS 690, 798, 890)
–
Term paper or semester research project
– Sign up by February 11, 2005 if interested (see class web page)
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

• Web Page (Required)
– http://www.kddresearch.org/Courses/Spring-2005/CIS736
–
Lecture notes (MS PowerPoint 97/2000/XP, Portable Document Format)
– Homeworks (MS Word 97/2000/XP, HTML)
–
Exam and homework solutions (MS Word 97/2000/XP, PDF)
– Class announcements (students responsibility to follow) and grade postings
• Course Notes at Copy Center (Required)
• Class Web Board (Required)
– http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ksu-cis736-spring2005
– Login: Students; password: announced in class
–
Research announcements (seminars, conferences, calls for papers)
– Discussions (instructor and other students)
• Mailing List (Automatic)
– cis736-L@www.kddresearch.org
– Sign-up sheet (course roster)
–
Reminders, related research, job announcements
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

• Graphics Systems and Techniques
– 2-D, 3-D models: curves, surfaces, visible surface identification, illumination
–
Photorealistic rendering and animation: shading models, ray tracing, radiosity
– Special topics: fractals, information visualization
• Operations
–
Surface modeling, mapping
– Pipelines for display, transformation, illumination, animation
• Computer Graphics (CG): Duality with Computer Vision
•
Visualization and User Interfaces
– Display optimization: hardware, libraries, GUI design
– Techniques for quantitative information, objects, processes
– Survey of statistical, data, information, and scientific visualization
• Applications
–
CAD/CAM/CAE: object transformations, surface/solid modeling, animation
–
Entertainment: 3-D games, photorealistic animation, etc.
– Analysis: info visualization, decision support systems, intelligent displays
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

• Developing Computational Capability
–
Rendering: synthesizing realistic-looking, useful, or interesting images
– Animation: creating visual impression of motion
–
Image processing: analyzing, transforming, displaying images efficiently
• Better Understanding of Data, Objects, Processes through Visualization
– Visual summarization, description, manipulation
–
Virtual environments (VR), visual monitoring, interactivity
–
Human-computer intelligent interaction (HCII): training, tutoring, analysis, control systems
•
Time is Right
– Recent progress in algorithms and theory
– Rapidly emergence of new I/O (display and data acquisition) technologies
–
Available computational power, improving price-performance-ratio of hardware
– Growth and interest of graphics industries (e.g., information visualization, entertainment CAD)
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Graphics
Database
Editing
Front-End
Graphics
Database
Display
Traversal
Modeling
Transformation
Viewing
Operation
Back-End
• Visible-Surface
Determination
• Scan Conversion
• Shading /
Illumination
Image
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

NCSA D2K: http://d2k.ncsa.uiuc.edu
Visual programming system for high-performance knowledge discovery in databases (KDD)
• Hypermedia
–
Database format (similar to hypertext) that provides display-based access to
(internetworked) multimedia (text, image, audio, video, etc.) documents
–
Chimera: http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/chimera/
• Virtual Environments
– Immersion: interactive training, tutoring systems
–
Entertainment hypermedia
• Visualization and Computer-Aided Design and Engineering (CAD/CAE)
– Visualization: scientific, data/information, statistics
–
User interfaces for CAD/CAE/CAM/CASE: http://www.isii.com
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

•
•
Analytic Geometry
Art and Graphic Design
Rendering Hardware
VR Systems
Portable/Embedded CG
•
• Cognitive Science
Computer Engineering
Color/Optical Models
CG/Vision Duality
Interface Design
•
• Engineering Design
•
Education
Film
Layout
CG Design
Visualization
• Human Factors
• Linear Algebra
Parametric Equations
Conics
Polygon Rendering
• Numerical Analysis
Surface Modeling
Physically-Based Modeling
Stat/Info Visualization
Transformations
Change of Coordinate Systems
User Modeling
Ergonomic Interfaces, I/O
CIS 736: Computer Graphics
CAD
CAE / CASE
CAM
Immersive Training
Tutoring Interfaces
Animation
Large-Scale CG
Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

8
1
2 http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lakes/2057/nurbs.html
3
4
5
7
CIS 736: Computer Graphics
6
Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

http://www.pixar.com
http://www.discreet.com
CIS 736: Computer Graphics http://www.aliaswavefront.com
Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

http://sprott.physics.wisc.edu/fractals.htm
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Visible Decisions SeeIT
CIS 736: Computer Graphics
(http://www.vdi.com)
Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Determine Objectives of
Graphics System
Entertainment
Decision
Support
Determine
Display Objective
Visualize Physical
Objects
Education
Interactively
Analyze
Data / Documents
Solid Geometric
Model
Determine Representations
In Graphics Database
Wireframe /
Polygon Mesh
NURBS
Determine and Implement
Rendering Pipeline
Shaded-Polygon
Rendering
Completed Design
Ray Tracing
Monitor
Process
Radiosity and
Polygon Shading
CIS 736: Computer Graphics
Control
Interface
Fractal
System
Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

• Overview: First Two Weeks
– Review of mathematical foundations of CG: analytic geometry, linear algebra
–
Line and polygon rendering
– Matrix transformations
–
Graphical interfaces
• Line and Polygon Rendering
– Basic line drawing and 2-D clipping
– Bresenham’s algorithm
– Follow-up: 3-D clipping, z-buffering ( painter’s algorithm)
• Matrix Transformations
–
Application of linear transformations to rendering
– Basic operations: translation, rotation, scaling, shearing
–
Follow-up: review of standard graphics libraries (e.g., OpenGL)
• Graphical Interfaces
– Brief overview
–
Survey of windowing environments (MFC, Java AWT)
CIS 736: Computer Graphics Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences

6500 news stories from the WWW in 1997 iWing
– http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/3925/
Entertainment CGA
Cartia ThemeScapes – http://www.cartia.com
Hypermedia and Statistical Visualization
DC-ARM
– http://www-kbs.ai.uiuc.edu
CIS 736: Computer Graphics
Normal
Ignited
Engulfed
Destroyed
Extinguished
Fire Alarm
Flooding
Virtual Environments for
Immersive Training
Kansas State University
Department of Computing and Information Sciences