MOST IMPORTANT GEOGRAPHERS/THEORIES
BE ABLE TO MATCH THE PERSON TO THEIR THEORY/MODEL
BE ABLE TO RECOGNIZE/CLASSIFY THE THEORY/MODEL
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CLIMATE
Koppen
Theory
Climate classifications
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DEV/RESOURCES
Rostow
Wallerstein
Thompson
Theories/CONCEPTS >
Stages of eco growth,
world systems theory
Demographic Transition
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Pop/Migration
Boserup
Malthus
Ravenstein
Zelinsky
Omran
Carey
Ratzel (again)
THEORIES/CONCEPTS >
Gravity model-migration push & pull
factors,
population & food supply issues
rural to urban migration,
Ties b/t population growth & economic
growth,
Culture > M. Gimbutas
 C. Renfrew
 Sauer
 Ratzel
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THEORIES/CONCEPTS >
Language diffusion (military vs
agriculture…)
environmental determinism Possiblism,
 Population
 Esther
Boserup
and
economic growth
theory – as the
population grows, ppl
will find a way
through development
to adapt
 Thomas
Malthus
 Theory
of
overpopulation –
population has
exponential growth
and agriculture has
arithmetic growth
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FRIEDRICH RATZEL
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ORGANIC THEORY
OF STATE GROWTH
+ ENVIRONMENTAL
DETERMINISM Natural surroundings
rule human action
A RAT is ORGANIC/alive
RATs live in the environment
Who is the boss of you?
 Ernst
Ravenstein
RAVENS fly
 Gravity
model of
migration
&
 Laws of Migration
Collin/AgriCultu
re
 Collin
Renfrew
 Language
diffusion
by agricultural
means
 Walter
Rostow
 Stages
of economic
growth/development
 Be
able to name the
stages w/country
examples
Who is the boss of you?

Carl Sauer
Possibilism
 Humans can alter
their environment
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Immanuel Wallerstein
Wallerstein = World
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World Systems Theory
 Anatolian
Hearth
theory/Renfrew
 Correlation
b/t source
areas of 3
agricultural centers
and 3 major
languages
Anatolia/Agricultu
re
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Gimbutas
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Kurgan/Military
hearth theory for
language diffusion
Kurgan/Conques
t
GiMBOOTtas/
Miltiary boots
 Core-Periphery
model
 Places/regions
can’t
develop equally,
somebody has to be
poor!

Wilbur Zelinsky
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Migration Transition
model (comparable to
Demographic
Transition)
 Demographic
Transition Model
 Birth
and mortality
rates are tied to
stages of
development
 Dependency
Theory
 Poor
country’s
economy is tied to a
rich country, usually
it’s former colonizer
 used
 Gravity
model of
migration
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(Relationship b/t volume of migration and distance
from source & destination is inverse)
to predict the
degree of interaction
between two places
 Migration
(forces)
Theory
 Push-Pull
Forces
impact migration
choices
 FORCED
 VOLUNTARY
 IMPELLED
 CHAIN
 World
Systems
Theory
 Development
is
applicable across
scales – local to
regional to global