Egyptian
Achievements
Chapter 4 Section 4
Achievements
















To Name a Few ...
Obelisks
Cartouche
Flat Roofed Homes
Pyramids
Mummification
Unique Gods and Goddesses
Written Language
Written Laws
Courts and Justice System
Solar Calendar (365 days) & Egyptian Calendar (360 days)
Systems of Irrigation and the Shaduf
Papyrus
Book of the Dead
Number system including fractions
Hieroglyphics



Egyptian hieroglyphics were one of the
world’s first writing systems
Hieroglyphics had over 600 different
symbols – picture writing
They could be written horizontally,
vertically, read left to right or right to left
Try to memorize as many
hieroglyphics on the next page as
you can in 5 seconds. Ready? Go!
Okay, only 570 more to go.
Papyrus – Gee, that almost sounds like
“paper.”



They developed papyrus. A tough, paper-like
material made from reeds
Reeds were pounded into sheets and then
pressed together
It was very durable and rolled easily into scrolls


Egyptian papyrus scrolls survived well in the dry
heat.
We know much about Egypt because these scrolls
held information about their style of government,
science, medicine, and afterlife as shown here by
pages from the Book of the Dead.

Many of their medical treatments included magic, herbs and
other remedies to treat many disorders.
Some priests were specially trained as physicians to care for
the sick, injured, and mentally ill. Patients were treated with
respect, and their personal information was highly
confidential.

When a person was ill, he or she would come to the temple
or call for a doctor for a diagnosis. An obvious problem was
treated with medicine, prayer, and magic. If a clear cause
was not discovered, the diagnosis would usually be attributed
to an evil spirit or curse.

The physician would use magic spells or amulets (magic
charms) to bring about a cure.
The Rosetta Stone



The Rosetta Stone was written in Greek,
late Egyptian, and hieroglyphics.
We could read Greek.
Because of this we got much of our
knowledge of how to read hieroglyphics
from its lucky discovery.
It was deciphered by a Frenchman, Jean-Francois
Champoillon – who was actually kind of cute.

.
Egypt’s Great Temples



Not only did the Egyptian build pyramids, but they
also created magnificent temples
They had to be beautiful structures because the
Egyptians believed they were the homes of their
gods.
Some design features of these “homes” were
obelisks, sphinxes, hieroglyphics, columns,
paintings, and statues of gods, goddesses, and
the pharoahs and their families.
Obelisks
Sphinxes
Temple of Karnak

Temple of Karnak
Temple of Abu Simbel
Trivia Break

What did the ancient Egyptians call the star
grouping we call the Big Dipper?
Answer: The Hippopotamus

Where did ancient Egyptian women place or wear
perfume?
Answer: In wax cones on their heads

Used to make bread and beer, what was the major
crop of ancient Egypt?
Answer: Barley
What breed of dog was used as a
hunting dog in ancient Egypt?
Answer: The greyhound
The Christian cross was developed
from what ancient Egyptian symbol?
Answer: Ankh
What was the most popular pet in
ancient Egypt?
Answer: A cat
What did the ancient Egyptians
believe would cure a toothache?
Answer: Fried mice!
Egyptian Art

Egyptians took
great care in
creating objects
of beauty so their
dead could enjoy
them forever in
the afterlife.
King Tut


The 1922
discovery of King
Tutunkhamen’s
tomb by English
archaeologist,
Howard Carter,
gave the world
some of the most
exquisite artifacts
known to man.
Sarcophagus of a King
Three Faces of Tut
Golden goddesses guarded him on his
journey to the afterlife
Thieves

Many tombs and temples had been robbed
of their treasures.
Egyptian Painting



Egyptians painted scenes
from royal coronations to
every day life
People were painted with
their legs viewed from the
side while their upper torsos
faced the viewer. This is
called frontalism.
A person was painted tall if
they were important and
small if they were common
people, servants, or slaves.
Carvings


Egyptians were
masters at carving
stone.
They were skillful
jewelers and
goldsmiths
Take out your whiteboards.
Match ‘em up
papyrus
Rosetta Stone Painting
Language
subject
Howard
Carter
600
sphinx
cats
King Tut’s
tomb
Decorative
architectural
feature
French
Everyday life
hieroglyphics
Reed growing
on riverbanks
Greek
Rosetta Stone
archaeologist
1922
Champoillon
Favorite pet
greyhounds