Ch. 3 The Constitution
Ch. 3 Section 1 The Road to the Constitution
• Constitutional Convention
• Meeting of state delegates in 1787 leading to
adoption of new Constitution.
• Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Independence
Hall May 25, 1787
• Read page 52-54 (As you read, list prominent
leaders and characteristics of delegates to
the Constitutional Convention in a web
diagram.
Ch. 3 Section 2 Creating and Ratifying the Constitution
Key Terms
Legislative
branch
Executive
branch
Judicial
branch
Great
Compromise
Three-Fifths
Compromise
Electoral
College
Federalism
AntiFederalists
Federalists
Two Opposing Plans
VIRGINIA PLAN
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James Madison
Three branches of gov’t
Legislative-law makers.
Divided into two houses,
Large state would have more
votes than smaller states.
Executive-carry out laws
Judicial-interpret and apply
laws
Mass., Penn., Virginia and
New York approved of this
plan
Small states feared they
would be ignored
NEW JERSEY PLAN
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William Paterson
Three branches of gov’t
Legislative would have
only one house and each
state would only get one
vote
Delaware, New Jersey,
and Maryland approved
of this plan
Large states did not
accept this plan
Great Compromise and
Three-Fifths Compromise
GREAT COMPROMISE

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Led by Roger Sherman
Congress would have two
houses- a Senate and House
of Representatives.
Each state would have =
representation in the
Senate.
In the House, representation
would be base on
population.
Pleased big and small states
THREE-FIFTHS COMPROMISE


Delegates agreed that
every five enslaved
persons would count as
three free persons.
Three-fifths of the slave
population in each state
would be used in
determining representation
in Congress.
A Divided Public
FEDERALIST



Supporters of the
Constitution
Federalism- a form of
government in which power
is divided b/w the national
and state government.
“The Federalists Papers”-a
series of essays supporting
the Constitution.
ANTI-FEDERALISTS




Opposed the Constitution
Felt that it gave too much
power to the national gov’t.
Objected to the absence of
a bill of rights.
Eventually the Federalists
agreed with the Anti-Fed.
that a bill of rights was a
good idea.
Ch. 3 Section 3 The Structure of the
Constitution
Constitution
Preamble
7 Articles
27
Amendments
Article I
Article II
• Legislative Branch
• Congress
• Executive Branch
• President
Article III
• Judicial Branch
• Supreme Court
Remaining Articles address
more general matters.
Pre-A.P. Page 85
The first 10 Amendments
Bill of Rights
Ch. 3 Section 4 Principles Underlying the Constitution
Key Terms
Popular
Sovereignty
Separation
of Powers
Checks and
Balances
Expressed
Powers
Reserved
Powers
Concurrent
Powers
Enumerated
Powers
•Powers given to the
federal government
Concurrent
Powers
•Powers shared by state
and federal governments
Reserved
Powers
•Powers given to state
governments