Periodic Table Regions
Chapter 19 - supplement
I. How are elements classified?
A. Each element is a member of a family of
related elements
1. Grouped by similarities in physical and
chemical properties
2. There are 4 basic groups
a. Metals
b. Nonmetals
c. Metalloids
d. Noble gases
II. Metals
A. Basic properties of metals
1. Shiny and able to be stretched or
shaped
2. Good conductors of electricity and
heat
B. 4 Kinds of metals
1. Alkali metals (group 1)  Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
a. Highly reactive (especially with water)
b. Soft
c. Shiny
d. Have 1 valence electron  loses it to form
+1 ions
e. Rarely found in nature as elements
B. 4 Kinds of metals
2. Alkaline Earth metals (group 2) 
Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
a. Reactive
b. Have 2 valence electrons
 loses them to form +2 ions
c. Usually found as compounds
d. Calcium makes up shells of sea animals
B. 4 Kinds of metals
3. Transition metals
a. Groups 3-12, and elements #57-71, and
elements #89-103
b. Variable reactivity
c. Lose electrons to form cations (positive ions)
d. Conduct heat and electricity
e. Found as elements in nature
f. Many uses  jewelry, wires, pipes, etc.
B. 4 Kinds of metals
4. Other metals 
Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, Bi, Po
5. Synthetic elements 
man-made
a. All elements with atomic
number 93 and higher
b. Most are unstable and radioactive
III. Non-Metals
A. On right side of the periodic table
1. Some of groups
13-16
2. All of groups
17 and 18
III. Non-Metals
B. Very plentiful on Earth
1. Found as elements
2. Found as compounds
C. Halogens (group 17)  F, Cl, Br, I, At
1. Form –1 ions
2. Very reactive
IV. Noble Gases
A. Group 18  He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
B. Generally exist as single atoms
1. Inert = unreactive
2. Never form ions
V. Metalloids
A. In a stair step pattern between metals and
nonmetals
1. B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te
2. Contain properties of
metals and nonmetals
3. Called semiconductors  conduct
heat and electricity a little