Relationship of Gamma Oryzanol Accumulation to
Anthocyanin and Nutrient Content in Purple Rice Grain
Panita Boonsit, Dumnern Karladee, Puntipa Pongpiachan and Suthat Julsrigival
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Chiang Mai University
Introduction
Relationship of Gamma Oryzanol (-oryzanol) accumulation to the content of Anthocyanin (cyaniding 3glucoside: C3G), Ash, Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF), Ether Extracted (EE) and Nitrogen Free
Extract (NFE) was evaluated in 8 purple rice local varieties (Oryza sativa L.) and two white modern
varieties (Oryza sativa L.).
Material and Methods
Semi-gamma oryzanol and gamma oryzanol
were estimated from an extraction of unpolished grain crude oil,
using n-hexane and ethyl acetate
Contents were verified through
a reverse-phase HPLC.
C3G was extracted using 0.5%TFA in 95%ethanol
The relationships were estimated
by correlation coefficient analysis.
Other nutrients were evaluated using a proximate analysis
Result
Table 1 Gamma oryzanol content, Anthocyanin (C3G) content
and seed nutrient in purple rice and white rice varieties
Varieties
Nutrient (% dry
Gamma oryzanol
C3G
Crude oil
Semi-gamma
(mg/100g grain)
(mg/100g grain)
(g/100g grain)
(g/100g grain)
ASH
CP
EE
CF
NFE
Kumnan
73.62
42.48
2.68
2.28
1.83
10.79
3.71
1.45
82.22
Kumdoisaket
74.84
29.81
2.60
2.16
1.87
10.67
3.78
1.49
82.19
Seed
matter)
Kum 7677
62.30
98.23
2.50
2.10
1.61
9.34
2.70
1.25
85.10
Kum 99151
49.14
8.12
2.51
2.15
1.86
10.18
2.85
1.33
83.77
Kum 87061
60.48
19.25
2.24
1.84
1.67
9.55
3.20
1.30
84.28
Kumomkoi
39.84
16.80
2.36
2.32
2.02
9.49
3.80
1.24
83.44
KDML 105
30.91
Not detected
2.20
2.16
1.46
8.25
3.04
1.03
86.23
RD 6
30.45
Not detected
2.93
1.81
1.73
9.91
3.04
1.03
86.23
Mean
52.70
26.84
2.50
2.10
1.76
9.77
3.27
1.27
84.18
SD
17.84
32.29
0.24
0.19
0.18
0.82
0.44
0.17
1.59
Kumnan
Kumdoisaket
Kum.7677
Kum.99151
Table 2 correlation between gamma oryzanol, anthocyanin (C3G)
and seed nutrients
Semi-gamma
C3G
Crude oil
ASH
CF
CP
EE
NFE
Gamma
oryzanol
0.288
0.328
-0.044
0.338
0.922**
0.689*
0.440
-0.790*
Semigamma
-0.139
-0.246
0.389
0.464
0.233
0.522
-0.571
C3G
Crude oil
ASH
CF
CP
EE
-0.245
-0.837**
-0.172
-0.378
-0.381
0.485
0.180
-0.085
0.217
-0.109
0.144
0.519
0.714*
0.679*
-0.744*
0.720*
0.560
-0.888**
0.594
-0.851**
-0.784**
Kum.87061
KDML 105
Kumomkoi
RD 6
Conclusion
• Gamma oryzanol had a positive correlation with CF and CP but negative correlation with NFE
indicated, rice varieties with higher sources of cabohydrate would have less potential as a source of
gamma oryzanol.
• There was no correlation between gamma oryzanol and C3G indicated, there was no linkage of both
gene control.
• A negative correlation was found between C3G and Ash meant, pigmentation was no correlate with
seed nutrients.