Schedule
10 min notes, then work on graph
Explain each step each day
Day 1 start, get chart done
can work with neighbor! Can’t change seats
Day 2 CHECK CALCULATIONS!,
show example graph, get graph done & plotted
stress what students are to plot (just depth ft & distance km)
Day 3 color, do questions, finish for hw
(maybe a little time on a fourth day)
Bell Work 10/13
• 1 fathom = 1.8 m
1 km = 1000 m 1 fathom = 6 ft
1.500 fathoms = ? feet
2.777 fathoms = ? feet
3.500 fathoms = ? meters = ? kilometers
4.777 fathoms = ? meters = ? kilometers
5.How many times bigger is 2500 than 500?
Today you are going to…
Learn the 3 strange ocean units and be able to
convert between them.
So you can
Complete the Ocean Profile Graph & answer the
accompanying questions.
You’ll know you’ve got it when you
can answer the questions on the graph
Cape May, NJ to Cape Roca, Portugal
Graph Info
• Graph Horizontally
• Start 4 down, 5 in (zero point)
• On left, every line is 1,000 ft
– You do not have to label every line…it is probably
easiest to label every other line.
• On bottom, every line is 100 km.
– It is probably easiest to label every other line, or
even every fifth line.
• Label both axis (“Distance (km)” & “Depth (ft)”)
• Neatly write the following title at the top.
“Profile of Ocean Floor from New Jersey to
Portugal”
Depth (ft)
Ocean Floor Profile from New Jersey to Portugal
Distance (km)
Double Check
•
•
•
•
Graph titled & axes labeled (with units)
All landforms labeled (listed in # 10)
All questions answered (including # 1)
Work shown & units included in all
numerical answers
Ocean Measurements
• Nautical mile
– 1 minute of arc of latitude along any meridian
– 1 Nautical mile = 1.15 mi = 1.85 km
• Knot
– 1 Nautical mile/hr
– 1 knot = 1.15 mi/hr
Ocean Measurements
• Fathoms
– Measurement for water depth
1. To penetrate to the meaning or nature of; comprehend.
2. To determine the depth of; sound.
– Originally based on arm span
– 1 fathom = 2 yards = ___ feet
Light Zones of the Ocean
• 3 Light zones
– Sunlit Zone 0 – 600 ft
– Twilight Zone 600-3000 ft
– Midnight Zone 3000+ ft
_____ fathoms
_____ fathoms
_____ fathoms
Sunlit Zone
• 0 – 600 ft
_____ fathoms
– Enough light for photosynthesis to occur
– 90% of all marine life live here!
– Phytoplankton lives here, forming base of
food chain
Twilight Zone
• Some light, not enough for photosynthesis
• Large eyes or bioluminescense requred
for seeing
• Squid, jellyfish, lantern, and hatchet fish
live here
• Invitation to a meal
Bioluminescence can serve as a lure to attract prey. The viperfish,
Chauliodus sloani, has a luminescent lure on the end of a modified
fin ray that it can arch forward in front of its mouth. In the dim
depths, all that the viperfish's would-be prey sees is a glowing
morsel. When this prey comes in close, the viperfish quickly impales
it with its enormous, viper-like fangs. These fangs are so long that if
they were fully inside its mouth, the fish would impale its own
brain.
Deep Sea Shrimp
• Confused yet, viperfish?
Atolla Jellyfish
• Someone big help me!!!!
Loosejaw Fish
Hatchetfish
• Bioluminescence can provide effective camouflage. In the twilit
depths, the silhouette of an animal against the sunlight filtering down
is an easy target. This is why many open-ocean predators like the
hatchetfish have upturned eyes and mouths. But the hatchetfish
itself is prey to bigger fish swimming below it. It's narrow silhouette
and silver sides make it harder to see, but it also emits light from its
belly that is a perfect match in color and intensity to sunlight filtering
down. If a cloud dims the sunlight, the fish dims its
bioluminescence—a trick called counterillumination.
Squid & Lanternfish
• Counterillumination is popular!
Anglerfish
• Bacteria provide the bioluminescence!
Blackdragon Fish
• Signal mate, lure fish, burglar alarm,
camouflage
Midnight Zone
3000+ ft
• No light, water temp near freezing!
• Most life in this zone lives in hydrothermal
vent communities
– Bacteria feeds on methane and hydrogent
sulfide, forming base of food chain
– Larger animals feed on bacteria…
• Angler fish, tripod fish, sea cucumbers live
here
Bioluminescence
• David Gallo presents bioluminescent
critters at TED!
– Includes cool octopus & squid
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YVvn8d
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