____________________________________
7 Grade Social Studies
Canada, Mexico, & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
th
Class 90—Honor and Clay vs. Randolph
February 15, 2016
Focus: List at least five facts you know about honor and dueling.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will review the basics of the honor system.
2. I will reenact a duel between Henry Clay of Kentucky and John Randolph of Virginia.
Homework:
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 326-327 stop at Tariff of Abominations (due 2/16)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 327-329 stop at Jackson Attacks the Bank (due 2/17)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 329-330 stop at Panic of 1837 (due 2/18)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 3 pgs.332-335 (due 2/19)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 330-331 (due 2/22)
-Chapter 10 Test Tuesday 2/23
Handouts:
none
I. Review of Honor and Dueling
II. Henry Clay vs. John Randolph
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
John Randolph
Henry Clay
Honor
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
Why was honor so important to Southern gentlemen?
Dueling
Notes
Class 90—Honor and Clay vs. Randolph
February 15, 2016
In 1826, Henry Clay and John Randolph was in the House and Clay was Secretary of State. Randolph says Clay is a
“cross between the Puritan and the Black-Leg.” Clay challenged Randolph to a duel and Randolph accepted. The Duel
was fought not far from Washington, D.C. Randolph appeared in a loose fitting gown to make it harder for Clay to aim
at him. Each man fired once without effect. Clay fired again and again missed. Randolph fired in the air and the two
men agreed to reconcile. After looking down Randolph noted that “Mr. Clay, you owe me a new gown, sir!” Clay
responded, “Thank God, Mr. Randolph, that I owe you nothing more.”
____________________________________
7 Grade Social Studies
Canada, Mexico, & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
th
Class 91—Sectionalism, the Great Triumvirate, and Lt. Randolph Outrage
February 17, 2016
Focus: “Dressed in deepest mourning black, Andrew Jackson presented a somber figure at his presidential inauguration
on March 4, 1829.” Why?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will identify the leaders and the political philosophies of the three sections of the nation.
2. I will define a “Lieutenant Randolph outrage.”
Homework:
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 327-329 stop at Jackson Attacks the Bank (due 2/18)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 329-330 stop at Panic of 1837 (due 2/19)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 3 pgs.332-335 (due 2/22)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 330-331 (due 2/23)
-Chapter 10 Test Wednesday 2/24
Handouts:
none
I. The Great Triumvirate
II. Jackson and Lt. Randolph
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
The Great Triumvirate
Henry Clay
Daniel Webster
South
West
North
Sectionalism
Nullify
Andrew Jackson
Lt. Randolph
Nose
Unionist
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
Who were the members of the Great Triumvirate?
What member of the Great Triumvirate would we consider Unionists?
How did Calhoun’s political philosophy change over the years?
What is a Lt. Randolph Outrage?
John C. Calhoun
Honor
Notes
Class 91—Sectionalism, the Great Triumvirate, and Lt. Randolph Outrage
February 17, 2016
Great Triumvirate:
 Henry Clay
 Daniel Webster
 John C. Calhoun
 Some think Thomas Hart Benton should be included with these three
 “Golden Age” of the Senate
Sectionalism:
Individual
John C. Calhoun
Location
South
Daniel Webster
North
Henry Clay
West
Beliefs
Supported the war of 1812;
opposed polices that would
strengthen the power of the
federal government; slave
owner/honor system;
nationlist-nullifiersectionalist
Opposed the War of 1812;
federal government larger
role in building the nation’s
economy
Supported the War of 1812;
favored a more active role for
the central government; slave
owner/honor system
Lt. Randolph Outrage:
 One of the greatest insults to a man of honor was having nosed pulled or tweaked-more aggressive form of
calling someone a liar
 Lt. Randolph pulls Andrew Jackson’s nose-physical attack and attack on Jackson’s honor
____________________________________
7 Grade Social Studies
Canada, Mexico, & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
th
Class 92— Tariff, Nullification, & Petticoat Affair
February 18, 2016
Focus: Clear everything off your desk except your outline, pencil, and focus sheet.
1.
2.
3.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will define and analyze the following:
 Sovereignty (sov·er·eign·ty)
 states’ rights
 nullification
 secede
 Tariff of Abominations
 Nullification Crisis
2. I will re-enact the confrontation between Jackson and Calhoun in order to acknowledge Calhoun’s shift from
nationalist to nullifier.
3. I will analyze the role the “Petticoat Affair” had on American politics.
Homework:
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 329-330 stop at Panic of 1837 (due 2/19)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 3 pgs.332-335 (due 2/22)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 330-331 (due 2/23)
-Chapter 10 Test Wednesday 2/24
Handouts:
none
I. Tariff of Abominations and Nullification Crisis
II. Petticoat Affair
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Andrew Jackson
John C. Calhoun
Robert Hayne
Daniel Webster
Compact Theory
states’ rights
Sovereignty
Nullification
Secede
Nullification Crisis
Force Bill
Tariff of Abominations
John Eaton
Peggy Eaton
Floride Calhoun
Martin Van Buren
Petticoat Affair
“Our Federal Union—it must be preserved!”
“The Union—next to our liberty, the most dear. May we always remember that it can only be preserved by respecting
the rights of the states and by distributing equally the benefits and the burdens of the Union.”
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
What impact did the Petticoat Affair have on Jackson and his cabinet?
What is states’ rights? Who supported states’ rights?
What is the compact theory of government? Who opposed the compact theory of government?
What was the Nullification Crisis? How did Jackson deal with South Carolina?
Notes
Class 92— Tariff, Nullification, & Petticoat Affair
February 18, 2016
Sovereignty
 supreme power or authority
Compact Theory of Government:
 Robert Hayne and John C. Calhoun (SC)
 the states granted the Constitution its power
 States rights’- states have the final authority, and not the federal courts, to pass on the constitutionality of federal
laws (nullification)
 Calhoun
o states rights’ designed to protect minority rights
o Used the VA and KY Resolutions to show that states could interpose their sovereignty and nullify
unconstitutional federal legislations
o Sovereignty resided in the people of the separate states and not in the national people…Calhoun argued
that it was the state conventions that had ratified the original Constitution
Daniel Webster:
 The Constitution had NOT been created by the states, but by the people of the Union
 states had no logical right to determine the extent of federal sovereignty-can’t nullify a law
Tariff of Abominations and Nullification Crisis:
 Tariff of Abominations-Southerners opposed high tax on imports
 SC-attempts to nullify the tariff claiming it was unconstitutional
 SC even threatens to secede over the issue (Calhoun hopes nullification will prevent that from happening)
 The Toasts
o Andrew Jackson-“Our Federal Union—it must be preserved!” (against states’ rights in this instance)
o John C. Calhoun (Jackson’s VP)- “The Union—next to our liberty, the most dear.”
 Force Bill-Jackson can use the army (force) against SC if needed
 Crisis Averted
o Henry Clay-gets compromise tariff passed in Congress
o Force Bill passed
o No other states support SC
Petticoat Affair:
 Peggy Eaton-married to John Eaton, Jackson’s secretary of state
o She has a bit of reputation and people gossip about her and the other “ladies” of Washington, like Floride
Calhoun won’t have anything to do with her
 Causes tension in Jackson’s cabinet-Jackson sees Peggy in the same light as his wife, Rachel, who he felt was
destroyed by gossip-Jackson defends Peggy’s virtue
 Martin Van Buren leaks that the Calhouns are behind the gossip
 Jackson’s entire cabinet resigns over the matter
 Calhoun out, Van Buren becomes Jackson’s right hand man and is now set-up to become the next president
____________________________________
7 Grade Social Studies
Canada, Mexico, & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
th
Class 93— Bank of the United States
February 19, 2016
Focus: Clear everything off your desk except your outline, pencil, and focus sheet.
1.
2.
3.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will analyze the long and turbulent road of the Bank of the United States.
Homework:
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 3 pgs.332-335 (due 2/22)
-Read and outline Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 330-331 (due 2/23)
-Chapter 10 Test Wednesday 2/24
Handouts:
None
I. History of BUS
II. Bank War
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Andrew Jackson
Nicholas Biddle
Henry Clay
Daniel Webster
Alexander Hamilton
“monster”
Bank War
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
How did Jackson kill the bank?
What were the results of the Bank War?
Why did Jackson hate the bank?”
Thomas Jefferson
Pet Banks
Notes
Class 93— Bank of the United States
February 19, 2016
Jacksonian Economics:
“independent farmers are everywhere the basis of society and the true friends of liberty”
-Favors Jeffersonian beliefs-farming
-doesn’t like: paper money, machine technology , and large scale production
-advance of commerce, banking, and industry undermined independence, virtue and equality
-government aid to commerce, banking, and industry was “corruption”
-oppose national bank, paper money, and federal aid for internal improvements
-repayment of national debt
Bank War:
-Nicholas Biddle vs. Andrew Jackson
- “The bank, Mr. Van Buren, is trying to kill me, but I will kill it!”
-Jackson sees the bank as creating class struggle (rich getting richer and poor getting poorer)-eliminate the bank,
eliminate class struggle
-Jackson withdraws all federal deposits and places them in state banks
The bank dies a another tragic death in 1836. Jackson allows the money to go to state chartered banks, called pet banks.
It will lead to an economic downturn for the U.S-Panic of 1837
 Elimination of national bank removed restraints from regional banks and they behaved more irresponsibly than
ever
 Pet Bank system didn’t work
Bank War was a loss for both sides
 Government ended up without the services of a central bank, with an uncontrolled and fluctuating paper currency,
and was powerless to control the business cycle
 BUS got an inferior PA charter and went bankrupt