Three “isms” plus New Technology Notes:
Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism …and Photography, too.
Read Discovering Art History, chapter 12, pages 380-413
Neoclassicism (chapter 12.1)
Time period __________________
Key Ideas
Enlightenment rejects aristocracy
Unearthing of Pompeii inspired
Neoclassicism
Johann Winckelmann writes The
History of Ancient Art in 1764
Current events depicted classically
Identifying Neoclassical Art
Line – fine outlines
Texture – no brushstrokes
Mood – order, solemn, calm,
rational
Subject – Ancient Greek or Roman
history, mythology
Purpose – morally uplifting,
inspirational
Vocabulary
Allegorical
Jacques-Louis David,
Oath of the Horatii,
1784, oil on canvas,
Louvre, Paris,
France. (p382)
Neoclassical
Sculpture to Know
Antonio Canova,
Cupid and Psyche,
1787-1793, marble,
Louvre, Paris,
France.
Neoclassical Painting to Know
Jacques-Louis David, Jean-AugusteDeath of Marat,
Dominique Ingres,
1793, oil on canvas,
La Grande Odalisque,
Royal Museum,
1814, oil on canvas,
Brussels, Belgium.
36 x 64 in., Louvre,
Paris, France.
Elizabeth VigeeLebrun, Mme. De
Stael as Corinn
Playing a Lyre, 1789,
oil on canvas, Musee
d’Art et d’Histoire,
Geneva, Switzerland.
(p386)
Neoclassical Architecture to Know
Thomas Jefferson,
Monticello, 17701806, Charlottesville,
Virginia, USA. (p388)
Jean FrancoisTherese Chalgrin,
Arc de Triomphe de
l’Etoile, 1806-1836,
Paris, France. (p389)
Thomas U. Walter,
United States Capitol,
1851-1863,
Washington DC, USA.
(p388)
Romanticism (chapter 12.2)
Time period __________________
Key Ideas
Spirit of individuality
Nature sublime
Unconscious world
Architecture revivals; Gothic,
Baroque
Identifying Romantic Art
Line: diagonal
Texture: brushstrokes show
Value: strong light and dark
Color: deep, rich
Inspiration: medieval and
Baroque, middle and far East
Subjects: legends, nature, violence
Thought: intuition, emotion,
imagination
Vocabulary
Nonobjective (Nonrepresentational)
School
Sublime
Francisco Goya,
Third of May
1808, oil on
canvas, Prado
Museum,
Madrid, Spain.
(p391)
Romantic Painting to Know
Theodore
Eugene
Joseph Mallord
Gericault, The
Delacroix,
William Turner,
Raft of the
Liberty Leading Snow Storm:
Medusa, 1818the People,
Steam-Boat off a
1819, oil on
1830, oil on
Harbor’s Mouth,
canvas, Louvre, canvas, Louvre, 1824, oil on
Paris, France.
Paris, France.
canvas, 36 x 48
(p393)
(p394)
in., Tate Gallery,
London,
England. (395)
Romantic Sculpture to Know
Francois Rude, Departure of the
Volunteers of 1792 or La
Marseillaise, 1833-1836, Arc de
Triomphe, Paris, France.
Thomas Cole,
View on the
Catskill, Early
Autumn, 1837,
oil on canvas, 39
x 63 in.
Metropolitan
Museum of Art,
New York, USA.
(p396)
Romantic Architecture to Know
Charles Barry and
Charles Garnier, L’Opera,
Augustus Pugin, The
1861-1874, Paris, France.
Houses of Parliament,
(p399)
1836-1860, London,
England. (p398)
Realism (chapter 12.3)
Time period ________________________
Key Ideas
Fact, not fiction: Only what the
artist saw and could touch first-hand was
painted
Inspired by Dutch and Flemish
genre paintings
Glorified the working class
Salon des Refuses of 1863
Identifying Realist Art
Real contemporary people in realtime
Rosa Bonheur,
The Horse Fair,
1853, oil on
canvas, 8’ x 16’
3”, Metropolitan
Museum of Art,
New York, USA.
(p400)
Realist Paintings to Know
Jean Francois
Honore
Winslow
Millet, The
Daumier, The
Homer, Breezing
Gleaners, 1857,
Third Class
Up (A Fair
oil on canvas, 32 Carriage, 1862, Wind), 1876, oil
½ x 43 ½ in.,
oil on canvas, 26 on canvas, 24 x
Musee d’Orsay,
x 35 ½ in.,
38 in., National
Paris, France.
Metropolitan
Gallery of Art,
(403)
Museum of Art, Washington DC,
New York City,
USA. (p407)
USA. (p404)
Thomas Eakins,
The Gross Clinic,
1875, oil on
canvas, 96 x 78
in., Jefferson
Medical College
of Thomas
Jefferson
University,
Philadelphia,
PA, USA. (p409)
Photography (chapter 12.4)
Photography timeline
16th century (1500-1599) – camera obscura
1798 – camera obscura combined with lithography
1826 – first permanent photograph (heliograph) by Nicephore Niepce
1839 – Louis Daguerre perfects Daguerreotype
Vocabulary
Zoopraxiscope
Photographs to Know
Edward Steichen, The Flatiron Building,
Eadweard Muybridge, Attitudes of Animals
1904, photograph, Metropolitan Museum of in Motion, 1878, Sotheby’s Auction
Art, New York, USA. (p411)
Collection. (p412)