8 Invertebrate
Organisms
8 Different Organisms Lab
Protists and Animals using
the Microscopes
#1 = Brown Planaria
Is this a multicellular animal or a single
celled protista?
#1 = Brown Planarian
• Kingdom:Animalia
• Phylum: Platyhelminthes
• Class:
Turbellaria
• Order: Tricladida
• Family: Planariidae
#1 = Planarians
Planaria
are non-parasitic
FLATWORMS which are
BILATERAL
Planaria are common to many
parts of the world, living in
both saltwater (MARINE) and
freshwater ponds and rivers.
 Some
#1 - Planarian
are TERRESTRIAL and are
found on plants in humid areas.
 These animals move by beating
CILIA on the ventral dermis,
allowing them to glide along on a
film of mucus.
 Some move by UNDULATIONS of
the whole body by the
contractions of MUSCLES built
into the body wall.
#1 - Planaria
They exhibit an extraordinary ability to
REGENERATE lost body parts. For
example, a planarian split lengthwise or
crosswise will regenerate into two
separate individuals.
 The size ranges from 3 to 12 mm
 Has two eye-spots (also known as ocelli)
that can detect the intensity of light. The
eye-spots act as photoreceptors and are
used to move away from light sources =
NEGATIVE PHOTOTAXIC

#1 - Planarian
 Planaria
have three GERM layers
(ectoderm, mesoderm, and
endoderm)
 Acoelomate (i.e. they have a solid
body with no body cavity).
 Single-opening digestive tract
 The most frequently used in
class = brownish Dugesia tigrina.
Planarian Layers…
#1 - Planaria
Eats decaying meat! BUT are not
parasites
 Can be conditioned to respond to stimuli
 Display the ability to master a two-choice
maze
 Can transfer the memory of training from
one individual to another – not sure how…

#1 = Planarian’s inside…
#2 – Vinegar Eels

Do you think these are animals or
protista?
#2 – Vingegar Eels

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: Secernentea
Order: Rhabditida
Genus: Turbatrix
Species: T. aceti

Info from Wikipedia
#2 Vinegar Eels
Turbatrix aceti (Vinegar eels, Vinegar
nematode) are free-living nematodes that
feed on the microbial culture.
 Can be in a low pH – very acidic
environment of 1.5. As humans, we want
to be in a neutral situation like 7. The
scale for acids-bases goes from 1-14 and
1 is acidic 7 is neutral and 14 is basic

#2 = Vinegar Eels

Nematodes with
Mouth and Anus
#2 Vinegar Eels
 Roundworms
are the lowest animals
that have a complete digestive tract!
They have both a mouth and an
anus. The hydra only have one
opening, the planaria only have one.
These are complex!!!
 Aerobic - so they need air
 Vinegar will have these nematodes in
it unless it is filtered and pasteurized.
Movie Clip of #2 Vinegar Eels
Click to see Video…

http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegaller
y/pondscum/nematode/videos/nematode0
4df20x.mpg
#3 = Daphnia

Do you think this is an animal or a
protista?
#3 - Daphnia

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Branchiopoda
Order: Cladocera
Family: Daphniidae
Genus: Daphnia
Information from Wikipedia
#3 =Daphnia Magna
 Typically
called a “water flea”
 These are actually crustaceans!
 These belong to the arthropod
phylum
 Has gills, and two pairs of antennae
 Major part of food chain
 Need light but UV light hurts them
Daphnia Magna
Anatomy of
water flea

#3 = Daphnia
 Yummy
inside a hydra’s tummy!
 Hydra will eat the daphnia!
 Remember: major food chain part
#4 - Hydra

Do you think the hydra is an animal or a
protista?
# 4 - Hydra

Kingdom: Animalia
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Phylum: Cnidaria
Subphylum: Medusozoa
Class: Hydrozoa
Subclass: Leptolinae
Order: Anthomedusae
Suborder: Capitata
Family: Hydridae
Genus: Hydra
#4 - Hydra
 Hydra
are named after the nineheaded sea snake of Greek
mythology and are freshwater
relatives of corals, sea anemones and
jellyfish.
 All are members of a primitive
phylum, the Cnidaria, and share in
common stinging tentacles and a
radially symmetrical body plan.
#4 - Hydra
The gut of cnidarians has only one
opening and is termed the gastrovascular
cavity.
 Unlike more complex animals, cnidarians
are designed around 2 sheets of tissue:
the ECTODERM and the ENDODERM
 The two are separated by a gelatinous
partition named the mesoglea. This layer
is greatly expanded in jellyfish, but is
much reduced in hydra.

#4 - Hydra
Like to eat Daphnia!
 Coelenterata or a Cnidaria
 Simplest animal with definite TISSUE!
 Only has one opening = mouth = that
leads to a gastrovascular cavity
 The tentacles can Sting!!! There are
nematocyst threads that harpoon food
 Can be 25 mm in length
 Move by somersaulting or sliding like an
inchworm

#4 - Hydra
 Can
regenerate lost parts! Cut in half
and the body will form into two
complete animals in a few days
 Form buds to reproduce asexually,
see one here
HYDRA VIDEO!
CLICK HERE…
 http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegaller
y/pondscum/hydra/videos/hydra03ob.mpg

http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery
/pondscum/hydra/videos/hydra03ob.mpg
#5 - Amoeba

Do you think that an Amoeba is an animal
or a protista?
# 5 - Amoeba

Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Amoebozoa
Phylum: Tubulinea
Order: Tubulinida
Family: Amoebidae
Genus: Amoeba
#5 = Amoeba proteous
Simple,
Unicellular, no
distinct shape
 If you cut it apart,
the cell portion
with the nucleus
will regrow, the
other part will die.
 If you cut the
nucleus = death

#5 Amoeba Anatomy
#5 Amoeba
Has pseudopods which are used to
capture prey (pseudo = false & pod =
foot)
 They simply engulf their food. They can
detect the kind of prey and use different
'engulfing tactics‘ = ways to eat…

Engulfing = EATING!!!
#6 Rotifers

Do you think these are animals or
protista?
#6 - Rotifers

Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superphylum: Platyzoa
Phylum: Rotifera
#6 Rotifers
 These
are in the ANIMAL KINGDOM
 Has a false body cavity
#6 – Rotifers
Most rotifers are around 0.1-0.5 mm long,
and are common in freshwater
environments throughout the world with a
few saltwater species. TINY!!!
 Some rotifers are free swimming, others
move by inchworming along
 Some are SESSILE (anchored, still, not
moving around) living inside tubes or gellike areas
 About 25 species are COLONIAL– form
into group

#6 Rotifers
Rotifers
Rotifers
– shapes
and
pictures
of their
jaws
#7 = Aeolosoma

Do you think these are animals or do you
think they are protista?
#7 = Aeolosoma
See the bristles on the body?
#7 - Aeolosoma

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Oligochaeta
Order: Clitellata
Family: Tubificidae
Subfamily: Naidinae
Genus: Chaetogaster
#7 - Aeolosomas

http://www.microscop
yu.com/moviegallery/
pondscum/annelida/a
eolosomas/index.html
Check out that link to
see videos!!!
 Check for the bristles
on the worm.

#7 - Worms are animals!

These are worms so they are animals, in
case you didn’t notice…
#8 - Paramecium
These look like worms but they are super
small and they are single cells…
 So, are they animals or protists?

#8 – Paramecium

Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Protista
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Ciliatea
Order: Peniculida
Family: Parameciidae
Genus: Paramecia
#8 Paramecium
 Unicellular ciliate protozoa
 Formerly known as “slipper
animalcules” from
their slipper shape
 Simple cilia cover the body, which
allow the cell to move like a
caterpillar. There is also a deep oral
groove containing inconspicuous
compound oral cilia used to draw
food inside. They generally feed on
bacteria and other small cells.
#8 - Paramecium
 Osmoregulation
is carried out by a
pair of contractile vacuoles which
actively expel water absorbed by
osmosis from their surroundings.
 Paramecia are widespread in
freshwater environments, and are
especially common in scums.
 Paramecia are attracted by acidic
conditions.
#8 Paramecium
 When
a paramecium encounters
an obstacle, it exhibits the socalled avoidance reaction: It
backs away at an angle and
starts off in a new direction.
#8 - Paramecium
C
i
l
i
a
t
e
#8 - Paramecium
Has a VACUOLE to remove wastes
 Has a NUCLEUS
 Has hairs called CILIA to move it around

#8 - Paramecium

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Paramecium aurelia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Protista
Phylum:Ciliophora
Class:Oligohymenophorea
Order:Peniculida
Family:Parameciidae
Genus:Paramecia
Species: aurelia
#8 - Paramecium
Very Small
Looked like fast
moving little logs
Unicellular
Eukaryotes = so
they do have a
nucleus BUT not
much to see inside
or see them do…
PARAMECIUM
Complex insides of Paramecium
Did you learn 3 small animals and 1
protista?

Video link for 5 minutes

http://www.ebiomedia.com/index.php?pag
e=shop.product_details&flypage=shop.fly
page&product_id=1&category_id=3&man
ufacturer_id=0&option=com_virtuemart&I
temid=38