1. What are the two main
classifications of plants?
• Answer: Vascular and Non-Vascular
2. What do vascular plants have
that non-vascular plants do not?
(Hint: 4 things)
• Answer: vascular tissue, roots, stems, and
leaves
3. How are vascular plants further
subdivided?
• Answer: Seedless vascular plants and seed
plants
How are seed plants divided?
• Gymnosperms and angiosperms
4. Locate the following structures
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Upper Epidermis (a)
Cuticle (b)
Xylem and Phloem(c)
Stoma (d)
Palisade Layer (e)
Spongy Layer (f)
Guard Cells (g)
Lower Epidermis (h)
1
2
3
8
4
5
6
7
4. Answers
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Upper Epidermis (a, 2)
Cuticle (b, 1)
Xylem and Phloem(c, 8)
Stoma (d,6)
Palisade Layer (e, 3)
Spongy Layer (f, 4)
Guard Cells (g, 7)
Lower Epidermis (h, 5)
5. What is the function of the
phloem?
• Answer: Carries food from the leaf to other
parts of the plant.
6. What is the function of the
xylem?
• Answer: Carries water and minerals from the
roots to the body of the plant.
7. What is the function of the
stoma?
• Answer: Allows gas exchange; carbon dioxide
in and oxygen out
8. Does photosynthesis occur in the
palisade layer or the upper epidermis?
• Answer: Palisade layer
9. What do guard cells do?
• Answer: Regulate the opening and closing of
the stoma.
10. Name two functions of the
cuticle/cutin/waxy layer?
• Answer: Prevent excess water loss, protect
leaf from mechanical injury, protect leaf from
insects and pathogens.
11. What is a tropism?
• Answer: a plant response to an environmental
stimulus
12. Where in the plant cell does
photosynthesis occur?
• Answer: In the chloroplast.
13. Which of these two organelles is a
chloroplast?
A
B
Answer: A
14. Label the following structures.
•
•
•
•
•
Inner membrane (a)
Outer membrane (b)
Thylakoid (c)
1
Granum (d)
Stroma (e)
2
4
5
3
14. Answer:
•
•
•
•
•
Inner membrane (a,2)
Outer membrane (b,1)
Thylakoid (c,5)
Granum (d,4)
Stroma (e,3)
15. Name the four pigments used
for photosynthesis.
• Answer:
– Chlorophyll A
– Chlorophyll B
– Carotenes
– Xanthophylls
16. What color light does chlorophyll
absorb? What color do they reflect?
• Answer: blue and red; green
17. What happens to the light
absorbed by the chlorophyll?
• Answer: Converted to chemical energy.
18. What are the two stages of
photosynthesis?
• Answer: Light dependent reaction and Light
independent reaction
19. What is another name for the
light independent reaction of
photosynthesis?
• Answer: Calvin Cycle
20. Where does the light reaction
occur in the chloroplast?
• Answer: In the thylakoid membrane.
21. The light reaction harvests light
energy to make what?
• Answer: ATP and NADPH
A plant growing on the side of a
house is what type of tropism?
• thigmotropism
22. During photosynthesis, which
reaction releases oxygen?
• Answer: The light reaction.
23. During photosynthesis, which
reaction requires carbon dioxide?
• Answer: Light independent reaction/The
Calvin Cycle/Dark Reaction
24. The light independent reaction
produces energy in the form of
what?
• Answer: Carbohydrates.
25. Where does the light
independent (Calvin cycle) occur in
the chloroplast?
• Answer: In the stroma.
26. What processes return carbon
to the atmosphere?
• Answer:
– Cellular respiration
– Decomposition
– Burning of fossil fuels
27. What process removes carbon
from the atmosphere
• Answer: Photosynthesis
28. How are plants involved in the
water cycle?
• Answer: transpiration
What plants contain nodules in their roots to allow for bacteria growth?
Why
LEGUMES (SOYBEAN)
BACTERIA UNDERGO NITROGEN
FIXATION TO FERTILIZE SOIL
Which nutrient is required for
stomatal opening?
Potassium
Which nutrient is required for ATP
production?
• Phosphorus
Identify the 4 characteristics of
plants?
•
•
•
•
Autotrophic
Eukaryotic
Multicellular
Cell walls made of cellulose
Nitrogen is essential for ____ and
____ in all living organisms.
• Proteins and nucleic acids
Sulfur is an essential element in
_____.
• proteins
Place the following words in
sequential order from largest to
smallest:
chloroplast, thylakoid, palisade
• Palisade, chloroplast, thylakoid