Dr. Cabell Gathman
November 18, 2015
 Admin
stuff
 Systems vs. individuals
 Mechanisms & outcomes
 Policing & safety
 Bias crime
 Exam
#2 short answers graded by Monday
 Anti-trans bathroom bill testimony TOMORROW (11/19)
at 10am, Wisconsin Capitol
 Extra
credit: 1/2 percentage point on final grade
Write-up
analysis of proposed law in connection with class
materials (500 words) & email to instructor by noon Monday
(11/23)
Email instructor photo of self waiting to testify (indicate
permission to publish on course FB ONLY IF you want to)
 Extra
credit option #2 (also 1/2 percentage
point on final grade): Write 500-word
comparison of Paris Is Burning and The Salt
Mines (link to be posted on Learn@UW)
 Due via email to TA no later than 12pm,
Monday, 12/14
 You can do both!
 HIV/AIDS lack of response
 Lack of adequate healthcare in general
 Treatment of sex workers
 Also: circumstances leading to survival sex work
 Treatment of homeless
 20-40% of homeless youth LGBTQ+
 State
violence
 Healthcare,
education, law enforcement all
large social institutions
Individual
members may have little power over
what the institution does or how
Good people can be part of a system that
creates bad outcomes
Often few systemic checks on bad actors within
institutions
 What
are some things that you have had to
convince people really do happen?
Women:
Things men don’t realize happen?
Disabled
people/PWD: Things abled people don’t
realize happen?
Fat
people: Things thin people don’t realize
happen?
 What
are outcomes for different groups?
Finding:
LGBTQ+ youth about 6% of
population; 15% of juvenile detention
population (Burdge et al. 2014): Why?
Finding: Black people 13% of US population;
40% of incarcerated population (2010
Census): Why?
 More
likely to be
 More likely to be
 More likely to be
 Less likely to be
 More likely to be
 Receive
 Convictions
& sentences (94-97% cases settled
by plea deal)
 Juries
 Charges
 Arrests
 Surveillance
 Subject
of recent news coverage
in Oakland
 Rampant in my neighborhood in
southwest Madison
 White citizens calling police on
POC (esp Black kids) are part of
the problem
 With
great power comes great
responsibility?
of
number of people killed by police
Out
of ~2800 known police killings from
2005-2011,
 Black
adults more likely to be arrested than
White adults
 2013:
in Madison
 Total number of Black children age 10-17 in
Madison in 2013:
 Black children in Madison arrested at 14
times the rate of White children
than White men
than White
women
 Black youth disproportionately charged,
imprisoned, & put through
 Deaths
 EX:
in custody
Sandra Bland (Black woman), Rexdale Henry (Native man)
 Violence
in prison system
 Privatization
 EX:
 See
Food, healthcare
handout on trans incarceration
 Arizona
activist for trans and sex worker rights,
for “walking while
Black and trans”
 Original conviction overturned; city of Phoenix then
dropped charges
(cf. Stonewall)
White
Oklahoma police officer on trial for
(ages 17-50)
after excessive force
Significantly
higher than FBI numbers for gen pop
(cf. 1960s NYC)
 “Starlight
tours” in Saskatoon (Canada)
from mid-1970s)
(2001-2003; possibly dating
(2014) & numerous abuses in
Ferguson, Missouri
 “Rough rides” in Baltimore
(2015)
in Minneapolis (November 15, 2015)
 Raise
your hand if you’ve
the last month
Now
raise your hand if you’re a “criminal”
are people who get
People
of color & their neighborhoods more
likely to be policed in the first place
in
 For
many people, police presence is traumatizing
(Dr. Monnica Williams)
 Fear
that police presence will lead to more
violent interactions
than White Americans (estimates range 2-8x)
Other
risk factors: mental illness, disability, poverty
 Victims
of violence often blamed or criminalized
EX:
Cierra Finkley (Madison)
EX:
Marissa Alexander (Florida)
EX:
Trayvon Martin (Florida)
EX:
Gwen Araujo (Colorado)
Note:
At least 15 of 21 known murdered trans women in
2015 were TWOC
Organized
against police brutality, racism, and violence
against trans & GNC POC; domestic workers’ advocate
Prisoners’
rights advocate; led think tank on state &
vigilante violence
 Immigration
& racial justice activist; Black feminist writer

“A hate crime or bias motivated crime occurs when the
perpetrator of the crime intentionally selects the victim
because of his or her membership in a certain group”
(Williams Institute 2007)

“…a criminal offense against a person or property
motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias
against a race, religion, disability, ethnic origin or sexual
orientation” (fbi.gov)
 11.1%
by ethnicity
 48.5% by race
66.4%
anti-Black bias
21.4%
anti-White bias
 1.4%
by disability
 0.3%
by gender
 First
year collected
 0.5%
by gender
identity
 First
year collected
 19.2%
by sexual
orientation
60.6%
classified as
anti-gay (male)
25.4%
report
 Black
of trans women (all races) do not file a
people more likely to be victims AND more
likely to be convicted of bias crime
 Push
to criminalize “conversion therapy” of
minors following Leelah Alcorn’s suicide; make
it easier to remove children from homes
 Intention seems clear, but what are likely
consequences? For whom?
 How can marginalized people be protected
from violence?