SLAB CLAY
CONSTRUTION
Architectural Bird Box Unit
Ceramics 1
VOCABULARY
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Drying
Scoring
Leather-hard
Slab
Plasticity
Slip
Relief
Wedging
Rib
THE 3 BASICS OF DESIGN IN
ARCHITECTURE:
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Style
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Form
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Structure
STYLES & TIME PERIODS FOR
AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE
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Colonial Architecture 1600-1820
 Dutch Colonial
 French Colonial
 Spanish Colonial
 Georgian Colonial
Romantic Architecture c.1820-1880
 Greek Revival
 Gothic Revival
 Italianate
 Exotic Revival
 Octagon
Victorian Architecture c. 1870-1900
 Second Empire
 Stick
 Queen Anne
 Shingle
 Richardson Romanesque
 Folk Victorian
 ** Art Nouveau (1890-1914)**
Early 20th-Century 1900-1920
 Colonial Revival
 Neoclassical
 Tudor
 Chateauesque
 Beaux Arts
 French Eclectic
 International I
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Architecture Between Wars c. 1920-1940
 Prairie Style
 Modernistic
 Craftsman
Art Deco Style c. 1923-1940 **
Post WWII Architecture c. 1945-1965
 Formalism
 International II
Late Twentieth-Century 1965-present
 Late Modernism
 Post-Modernism
COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE
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Stately, Symmetrical appearance
being rectangular shape with two
stories.
Gables on the side and an entry
door at the center.
To conserve heat, a massive
chimney ran through the center.
An orderly arrangement of
windows around a central front
door.
GEORGIAN COLONIAL
Double-hung windows usually
have many small, equally sized
square panes or “candles”
separated with “mutton-bars.”
ROMANTIC ARCHITECTURE
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Elaborate wooden millwork after
the Industrial Revolution fueled
the construction.
"Gothic" windows with distinctive
pointed arches
Exposed framing timbers
Steep, vaulted roofs with crossgables.
Extravagant features may
include towers and verandas.
Ornate wooden detailing is
generously applied as gable,
window, and door trim.
GOTHIC REVIVAL
VICTORIAN ARCHITECTURE
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Use of mass-produced ornamentation
such as brackets, spindles, and patterned
shingles.
The last true Victorians were constructed
in the early 1900s.
These homes combine modern materials
with 19th century details, such as curved
towers and spindled porches.
Elaborate exterior trim (“gingerbread”)
and carved oak moldings.
New machines made it possible to massproduce ornamental features such as
moldings, columns, and brackets. The
expansion of the railroad meant that
building parts could be sent to far corners
of the country so people in remote rural
areas could build fancier homes.
VICTORIAN
ART NOUVEAU ** a world-wide movement
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Dynamic, undulating, and
flowing, with curved
'whiplash' lines which
characterized much of Art
Nouveau movement.
Conventional moldings
seem to spring to life and
'grow' into plant-derived
forms.
http://upload.wikim
edia.org/wikipedia/
commons/3/34/Fra
nce_Paris_Grand_
Palais_Interieur_0
3.jpg
GRAND PALAIS INTERIEUR
PARIS FRANCE
EARLY 20TH CENTURY
ARCHITECTURE (contemporary)
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Exposed functional building
elements, such as ground-to-ceiling
plate glass windows, and smooth
facades.
The style was molded from modern
materials--concrete, glass, and
steel.
Characterized by an absence of
decoration.
Interior and exterior walls merely act
as design and layout elements, and
often feature dramatic, but
nonsupporting projecting beams and
columns
INTERNATIONAL
ARCHITECTURE BETWEEN WARS
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Boxy and symmetrical or
low-slung and asymmetrical.
Roofs are low-pitched, with
wide eaves.
Brick and clapboard are the
most common building
materials
Rows of casement windows
One-story porches with
massive square supports.
Stylized floral and circular
geometric terra-cotta or
masonry ornamentation
around doors, windows, and
cornices.
PRAIRIE STYLE
ART DECO STYLE
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Echoed the Machine Age
Geometric decorative elements & a
vertically oriented design.
This distinctly urban style was never
widely used in residential buildings
Towers and other projections above the
roofline enhance the vertical emphasis of
this style.
Flat roofs, metal window casements, and
smooth stucco walls with rectangular cutouts mark the exteriors of Art Deco homes.
Facades are typically flush with zigzags
and other stylized floral, geometric, and
"sunrise" motifs.
By 1940 the Art Deco style had evolved
into "Art Moderne," which features curved
corners, rectangular glass-block windows,
and a boat-like appearance.
ART DECO
POST WWII ARCHITECTURE
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Two versions: the flat-roof
and gabled types. The
latter is often characterized
by exposed beams.
Both types tend to be onestory tall and were
designed to incorporate the
surrounding landscape into
their overall look.
CONTEMPORARY
LATE
TH
20
CENTURY
ARCHITECTURE
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The walls of the building create
planes, which enclose the building.
The walls tend to be very smooth
with little interruption including
windows that are level with the
walls themselves.
These smooth-surfaced buildings
define a volume enclosed by the
building.
Symmetry is rejected in favor of
regularity. Under these principals,
the facade of buildings were
designed with windows and doors
spaced at regular intervals.
SPLIT LEVEL
PROCEDURE…
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Plan…
Draw a “blueprint” (top, sides, bottom) using theme that was
inspired by the architectural styles you were exposed to.
Make a paper pattern to use as a template to place on rolled slabs.
Cut out slabs to use for walls and roof sections for the bird house.
Allow slabs to become leather-hard before assembling them
together.
While slabs are becoming more firm, begin creating the
“decorations” for the houses. (columns, dormers, portches,etc.)
Once all pieces are ready, put the house together, make sure to
sufficiently score and slip each and every piece.
Allow the houses to dry slowly
Fire houses and then paint and spray with acrylic clear sealant.
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT:
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1. What type of bird are you making this for? Do you
need to do some research for this assignment?
2. Birds are attracted to “boxes” that have a particular
size opening. (use chart “Being the Best Nest Box
Landlord for Songbirds in the West”)
3. Is this going to be a decoration or a functional box?
4. What impact will the architectural style(s) have on
your planning and the construction of sculptural work?
5. Some birds need to have a clean box each spring in
order for them to build a nest in them. So, you will need
to have a way to clean out the box.
6. How will you bird box be mounted or hung? What
steps do you need to do ahead of time to make it work
once it is completed?