Ing. Juan Ojea Espil
Diferencia entre Normas Voluntarias y Obligatorias
Las Normas Obligatorias se encuentran por encima de las Normas Voluntarias
Para las Normas Voluntarias:
La temática se desarrolla a partir de una demanda de mercado puntual.
En su elaboración intervienen las partes interesadas.
Se adoptan por consenso (no se trata de una votación, sino que implica la no
existencia de una posición contraria sostenida)
El proceso de desarrollo incluye el periodo en el cual deberá ser revisada (por
ejemplo, revisiones cada 3 o 5 años), adecuándola siempre a las exigencias y
realidades del mercado actual.
Normalización en General
Las Normas Voluntarias son determinantes en el comercio internacional de bienes
y servicios, ya que sus requisitos reflejan las necesidades y expectativas de los
consumidores, induciendo también las exigencias de los usuarios.
Las Normas Voluntarias permiten aprovechar economías de escala y
encadenamientos productivos, logrando que las empresas del bloque comercial
puedan competir eficientemente en los mercados externos.
Actualmente las organizaciones reconocen las ventajas de la implementación de
normas de cumplimiento voluntario para el logro de la competitividad.
Principios de la normalización
Sector
Consumo
Sector
Privado
Interés
General
Niveles de la Normalización
ISO
IEC - ITU
COPANT – AMN
CEN - CENELEC
DIN – AFNOR- ANSI
IRAM - AENOR - INTN
API – ASTM- SAE- ASME
EMPRESAS
Normalización internacional
Miembro O
ISO/TC 147 – Water quality
Alcance
Normalizar en el campo de la calidad el agua,
incluyendo términos y definiciones, muestreo de
aguas, medición, análisis e informe de las
características del agua. Queda excluido del
alcance la determinación de los limites de calidad
del agua.
Subcomités del TC 147 – Calidad del agua
TC 147/SC 1 Terminology
TC 147/SC 2 Physical, chemical and biochemical methods
TC 147/SC 4 Microbiological methods
TC 147/SC 5 Biological methods
TC 147/SC 6 Sampling (general methods)
Total de normas ISO publicadas por el TC y sus SC: 234
Paises Participantes: 32
Paises Observadores: 51
Organigrama ISO/TC 147 - Water Quality
Secretariat: DIN
SC2
Physical, chemical and
biochemical methods (DIN)
SC1
Terminology (SABS)
WG 17 Phenols
WG 19 Polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAH)
WG 32 ICP techniques
WG 33 Ion chromatography
methods
WG 38 Flow analysis
methods
WG 45 Dioxins
WG 2 Coliforms (E. coli and
other coliforms)
WG 5 Sulfite reducing
clostridium
WG 47 Microcystins
WG 48 Precision and
accuracy
WG 7 Salmonella
WG 10 Legionella
WG 49 Bromophenylethers
WG 52 Antimony, arsenic
and selenium
WG 12 Analytical quality
control of microbiological
media
WG 13
Cryptosporidium/Giardia
WG 53 GC-MS for groups of
non-polar substances
WG 54 Alkalinity in marine
water
WG 15 Enumeration of
microorganisms by culture
WG 16 Sampling for
microbiological analysis
WG 55 Glyphosate and
AMPA
WG 56 PFOS and PFOA
SC5 Biological methods
WG 1 Toxicity - Bacteria and
biodegradability
WG 2 Toxicity to
invertebrates
WG 3 Toxicity - Fish
WG 5 Toxicity - Algae and
aquatic plants
WG 6 Biological
classification
WG 9 Genotoxicity
SC4
Microbiological methods
(DIN)
SC6 Sampling (general
methods)
WG 1 Design of sampling
programmes (Revision of ISO
5667-1)
WG 3 Conservation methods
WG 4 Rivers and streams
including groundwater
WG 6 Drinking water and
water used for food and
beverage
WG 11 Sampling of sludges
and sediments
TC 147/SC 1 Terminology
ISO 6107-1:2004 Water quality -- Vocabulary
ISO 6107-2:2006 Water quality -- Vocabulary
ISO 6107-3:1993 Water quality -- Vocabulary
ISO 6107-3:1993/Amd 1:2001
ISO 6107-4:1993 Water quality -- Vocabulary
ISO 6107-5:2004 Water quality -- Vocabulary
ISO 6107-6:2004 Water quality -- Vocabulary
ISO 6107-7:2006 Water quality -- Vocabulary
ISO 6107-8:1993 Water quality -- Vocabulary
ISO 6107-8:1993/Amd 1:2001
ISO 6107-9:1997 Water quality -- Vocabulary -- Part 9: Alphabetical list and subject
index
TC 147/SC 2 Physical, chemical and biochemical methods
ISO 5663:1984
Water quality -- Determination of Kjeldahl nitrogen -- Method after mineralization with selenium
ISO 5664:1984
Water quality -- Determination of ammonium -- Distillation and titration method
ISO 5666:1999
Water quality -- Determination of mercury
ISO 5813:1983
Water quality -- Determination of dissolved oxygen -- Iodometric method
ISO 5814:1990
Water quality -- Determination of dissolved oxygen -- Electrochemical probe method
ISO 5815-1:2003
Water quality -- Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn) -- Part 1: Dilution
and seeding method with allylthiourea addition
ISO 5815-2:2003
Water quality -- Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn) -- Part 2: Method
for undiluted samples
ISO 5961:1994
Water quality -- Determination of cadmium by atomic absorption spectrometry
ISO 6058:1984
Water quality -- Determination of calcium content -- EDTA titrimetric method
ISO 6059:1984
Water quality -- Determination of the sum of calcium and magnesium -- EDTA titrimetric method
ISO 6060:1989
Water quality -- Determination of the chemical oxygen demand
ISO 6332:1988
Water quality -- Determination of iron -- Spectrometric method using 1,10-phenanthroline
ISO 6333:1986
Water quality -- Determination of manganese -- Formaldoxime spectrometric method
ISO 6439:1990
Water quality -- Determination of phenol index -- 4-Aminoantipyrine spectrometric methods after distillation
ISO 6468:1996
Water quality -- Determination of certain organochlorine insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and
chlorobenzenes -- Gas chromatographic method after liquid-liquid extraction
ISO 6703-1:1984
Water quality -- Determination of cyanide -- Part 1: Determination of total cyanide
ISO 6703-2:1984
Water quality -- Determination of cyanide -- Part 2: Determination of easily liberatable cyanide
ISO 6703-3:1984
Water quality -- Determination of cyanide -- Part 3: Determination of cyanogen chloride
ISO 6777:1984
Water quality -- Determination of nitrite -- Molecular absorption spectrometric method
ISO 6778:1984
Water quality -- Determination of ammonium -- Potentiometric method
ISO 6878:2004
Water quality -- Determination of phosphorus -- Ammonium molybdate spectrometric method
ISO 7027:1999
Water quality -- Determination of turbidity
ISO 7150-1:1984
Water quality -- Determination of ammonium -- Part 1: Manual spectrometric method
ISO 7393-1:1985
Water quality -- Determination of free chlorine and total chlorine -- Part 1: Titrimetric method using N,N-diethyl1,4-phenylenediamine
ISO 7393-1:1985/Cor 1:2001
ISO 7393-2:1985
Water quality -- Determination of free chlorine and total chlorine -- Part 2: Colorimetric method using N,N-diethyl1,4-phenylenediamine, for routine control purposes
ISO 7393-3:1990
Water quality -- Determination of free chlorine and total chlorine -- Part 3: Iodometric titration method for the
determination of total chlorine
ISO 7875-1:1996
Water quality -- Determination of surfactants -- Part 1: Determination of anionic surfactants by measurement of
the methylene blue index (MBAS)
ISO 7875-1:1996/Cor 1:2003
ISO 7875-2:1984
Water quality -- Determination of surfactants -- Part 2: Determination of non-ionic surfactants using Dragendorff
reagent
ISO 7887:1994
Water quality -- Examination and determination of colour
ISO 7888:1985
Water quality -- Determination of electrical conductivity
ISO 7890-3:1988
Water quality -- Determination of nitrate -- Part 3: Spectrometric method using sulfosalicylic acid
ISO 7980:1986
Water quality -- Determination of calcium and magnesium -- Atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 7981-1:2005
Water quality -- Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) -- Part 1: Determination of six PAH by highperformance thin-layer chromatography with fluorescence detection after liquid-liquid extraction
ISO 7981-2:2005
Water quality -- Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) -- Part 2: Determination of six PAH by highperformance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection after liquid-liquid extraction
ISO 8165-1:1992
Water quality -- Determination of selected monovalent phenols -- Part 1: Gas-chromatographic method after enrichment by
extraction
ISO 8165-2:1999
Water quality -- Determination of selected monovalent phenols -- Part 2: Method by derivatization and gas chromatography
ISO 8245:1999
Water quality -- Guidelines for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)
ISO 8288:1986
Water quality -- Determination of cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric
methods
ISO 8466-1:1990
Water quality -- Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance characteristics -- Part 1:
Statistical evaluation of the linear calibration function
ISO 8466-2:2001
Water quality -- Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance characteristics -- Part 2:
Calibration strategy for non-linear second-order calibration functions
ISO 8467:1993
Water quality -- Determination of permanganate index
ISO 9174:1998
Water quality -- Determination of chromium -- Atomic absorption spectrometric methods
ISO 9297:1989
Water quality -- Determination of chloride -- Silver nitrate titration with chromate indicator (Mohr's method)
ISO 9377-2:2000
Water quality -- Determination of hydrocarbon oil index -- Part 2: Method using solvent extraction and gas chromatography
ISO 9390:1990
Water quality -- Determination of borate -- Spectrometric method using azomethine-H
ISO 9562:2004
Water quality -- Determination of adsorbable organically bound halogens (AOX)
ISO 9963-1:1994
Water quality -- Determination of alkalinity -- Part 1: Determination of total and composite alkalinity
ISO 9963-2:1994
Water quality -- Determination of alkalinity -- Part 2: Determination of carbonate alkalinity
ISO 9964-1:1993
Water quality -- Determination of sodium and potassium -- Part 1: Determination of sodium by atomic absorption spectrometry
ISO 9964-2:1993
Water quality -- Determination of sodium and potassium -- Part 2: Determination of potassium by atomic absorption spectrometry
ISO 9964-3:1993
Water quality -- Determination of sodium and potassium -- Part 3: Determination of sodium and potassium by flame emission
spectrometry
ISO 9965:1993
Water quality -- Determination of selenium -- Atomic absorption spectrometric method (hydride technique)
ISO 10260:1992
Water quality -- Measurement of biochemical parameters -- Spectrometric determination of the chlorophyll-a concentration
ISO 10301:1997
Water quality -- Determination of highly volatile halogenated hydrocarbons -- Gas-chromatographic methods
ISO 10304-1:2007
Water quality -- Determination of dissolved anions by liquid chromatography of ions -- Part 1: Determination of bromide, chloride,
fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and sulfate
ISO 10304-3:1997
Water quality -- Determination of dissolved anions by liquid chromatography of ions -- Part 3: Determination of chromate, iodide,
sulfite, thiocyanate and thiosulfate
ISO 10304-4:1997
Water quality -- Determination of dissolved anions by liquid chromatography of ions -- Part 4: Determination of chlorate, chloride
and chlorite in water with low contamination
ISO 10359-1:1992
Water quality -- Determination of fluoride -- Part 1: Electrochemical probe method for potable and lightly polluted water
ISO 10359-2:1994
Water quality -- Determination of fluoride -- Part 2: Determination of inorganically bound total fluoride after digestion and distillation
ISO 10523:1994
Water quality -- Determination of pH
ISO 10530:1992
Water quality -- Determination of dissolved sulfide -- Photometric method using methylene blue
ISO 10566:1994
Water quality -- Determination of aluminium -- Spectrometric method using pyrocatechol violet
ISO 10695:2000
Water quality -- Determination of selected organic nitrogen and phosphorus compounds -- Gas chromatographic methods
ISO 11083:1994
Water quality -- Determination of chromium(VI) -- Spectrometric method using 1,5-diphenylcarbazide
ISO 11369:1997
Water quality -- Determination of selected plant treatment agents -- Method using high performance liquid chromatography with UV
detection after solid-liquid extraction
ISO/TS 11370:2000
Water quality -- Determination of selected organic plant-treatment agents -- Automated multiple development (AMD)
technique
ISO 11423-1:1997
Water quality -- Determination of benzene and some derivatives -- Part 1: Head-space gas chromatographic method
ISO 11423-2:1997
Water quality -- Determination of benzene and some derivatives -- Part 2: Method using extraction and gas chromatography
ISO 11732:2005
Water quality -- Determination of ammonium nitrogen -- Method by flow analysis (CFA and FIA) and spectrometric detection
ISO 11885:2007
Water quality -- Determination of selected elements by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)
ISO 11905-1:1997
Water quality -- Determination of nitrogen -- Part 1: Method using oxidative digestion with peroxodisulfate
ISO/TR 11905-2:1997
Water quality -- Determination of nitrogen -- Part 2: Determination of bound nitrogen, after combustion and oxidation to
nitrogen dioxide, chemiluminescence detection
ISO 11923:1997
Water quality -- Determination of suspended solids by filtration through glass-fibre filters
ISO 11969:1996
Water quality -- Determination of arsenic -- Atomic absorption spectrometric method (hydride technique)
ISO 12020:1997
Water quality -- Determination of aluminium -- Atomic absorption spectrometric methods
ISO 13358:1997
Water quality -- Determination of easily released sulfide
ISO 13395:1996
Water quality -- Determination of nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen and the sum of both by flow analysis (CFA and FIA) and
spectrometric detection
ISO/TR 13530:1997
Water quality -- Guide to analytical quality control for water analysis
ISO 14402:1999
Water quality -- Determination of phenol index by flow analysis (FIA and CFA)
ISO 14403:2002
Water quality -- Determination of total cyanide and free cyanide by continuous flow analysis
ISO 14911:1998
Water quality -- Determination of dissolved Li+, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+ using ion chromatography - Method for water and waste water
ISO 15061:2001
Water quality -- Determination of dissolved bromate -- Method by liquid chromatography of ions
ISO 15089:2000
Water quality -- Guidelines for selective immunoassays for the determination of plant treatment and pesticide agents
ISO 15586:2003
Water quality -- Determination of trace elements using atomic absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace
ISO 15587-1:2002
Water quality -- Digestion for the determination of selected elements in water -- Part 1: Aqua regia digestion
ISO 15587-2:2002
Water quality -- Digestion for the determination of selected elements in water -- Part 2: Nitric acid digestion
ISO 15680:2003
Water quality -- Gas-chromatographic determination of a number of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, naphthalene and
several chlorinated compounds using purge-and-trap and thermal desorption
ISO 15681-1:2003
Water quality -- Determination of orthophosphate and total phosphorus contents by flow analysis (FIA and CFA) -- Part 1:
Method by flow injection analysis (FIA)
ISO 15681-2:2003
Water quality -- Determination of orthophosphate and total phosphorus contents by flow analysis (FIA and CFA) -- Part 2:
Method by continuous flow analysis (CFA)
ISO 15682:2000
Water quality -- Determination of chloride by flow analysis (CFA and FIA) and photometric or potentiometric
detection
ISO 15705:2002
Water quality -- Determination of the chemical oxygen demand index (ST-COD) -- Small-scale sealed-tube method
ISO 15913:2000
Water quality -- Determination of selected phenoxyalkanoic herbicides, including bentazones and
hydroxybenzonitriles by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry after solid phase extraction and derivatization
ISO 16264:2002
Water quality -- Determination of soluble silicates by flow analysis (FIA and CFA) and photometric detection
ISO/TS 16489:2006
Water quality -- Guidance for establishing the equivalency of results
ISO/TS 16489:2006/Cor 1:2006
ISO 16588:2002
Water quality -- Determination of six complexing agents -- Gas-chromatographic method
ISO 16588:2002/Amd 1:2004
ISO 16590:2000
Water quality -- Determination of mercury -- Methods involving enrichment by amalgamation
ISO 17294-1:2004
Water quality -- Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) -- Part 1: General guidelines
ISO 17294-2:2003
Water quality -- Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) -- Part 2: Determination of
62 elements
ISO 17353:2004
Water quality -- Determination of selected organotin compounds -- Gas chromatographic method
ISO 17495:2001
Water quality -- Determination of selected nitrophenols -- Method by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography with
mass spectrometric detection
ISO 17852:2006
Water quality -- Determination of mercury -- Method using atomic fluorescence spectrometry
ISO 17858:2007
Water quality -- Determination of dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls -- Method using gas chromatography/mass
spectrometry
ISO 17993:2002
Water quality -- Determination of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in water by HPLC with fluorescence detection
after liquid-liquid extraction
ISO 18073:2004
Water quality -- Determination of tetra- to octa-chlorinated dioxins and furans -- Method using isotope dilution
HRGC/HRMS
ISO 18412:2005
Water quality -- Determination of chromium(VI) -- Photometric method for weakly contaminated water
ISO 18856:2004
Water quality -- Determination of selected phthalates using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
ISO 18857-1:2005
Water quality -- Determination of selected alkylphenols -- Part 1: Method for non-filtered samples using liquid-liquid
extraction and gas chromatography with mass selective detection
ISO 20179:2005
Water quality -- Determination of microcystins -- Method using solid phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detection
ISO 22032:2006
Water quality -- Determination of selected polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediment and sewage sludge -Method using extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
ISO 22478:2006
Water quality -- Determination of certain explosives and related compounds -- Method using high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection
ISO 22743:2006
Water quality -- Determination of sulfates -- Method by continuous flow analysis (CFA)
ISO 22743:2006/Cor 1:2007
ISO 23631:2006
Water quality -- Determination of dalapon, trichloroacetic acid and selected haloacetic acids -- Method using
gas chromatography (GC-ECD and/or GC-MS detection) after liquid-liquid extraction and derivatization
ISO 23913:2006
Water quality -- Determination of chromium(VI) -- Method using flow analysis (FIA and CFA) and spectrometric
detection
TC 147/SC 4 Microbiological methods
ISO 6222:1999
Water quality -- Enumeration of culturable micro-organisms -- Colony count by inoculation in a nutrient agar
culture medium
ISO 6340:1995
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of Salmonella
ISO 6461-1:1986
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of the spores of sulfite-reducing anaerobes (clostridia) -- Part 1:
Method by enrichment in a liquid medium
ISO 6461-2:1986
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of the spores of sulfite-reducing anaerobes (clostridia) -- Part 2:
Method by membrane filtration
ISO 7704:1985
Water quality -- Evaluation of membrane filters used for microbiological analyses
ISO 7899-1:1998
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of intestinal enterococci -- Part 1: Miniaturized method (Most Probable
Number) for surface and waste water
ISO 7899-1:1998/Cor 1:2000
ISO 7899-2:2000
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of intestinal enterococci -- Part 2: Membrane filtration method
ISO 8199:2005
Water quality -- General guidance on the enumeration of micro-organisms by culture
ISO 9308-1:2000
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of Escherichia coli and coliform bacteria -- Part 1: Membrane filtration
method
ISO 9308-1:2000/Cor 1:2007
ISO 9308-2:1990
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of coliform organisms, thermotolerant coliform organisms and presumptive
Escherichia coli -- Part 2: Multiple tube (most probable number) method
ISO 9308-3:1998
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of Escherichia coli and coliform bacteria -- Part 3: Miniaturized method (Most
Probable Number) for the detection and enumeration of E. coli in surface and waste water
ISO 9308-3:1998/Cor 1:2000
ISO 9998:1991
Water quality -- Practices for evaluating and controlling microbiological colony count media used in water quality tests
ISO 10705-1:1995
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of bacteriophages -- Part 1: Enumeration of F-specific RNA bacteriophages
ISO 10705-2:2000
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of bacteriophages -- Part 2: Enumeration of somatic coliphages
ISO 10705-3:2003
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of bacteriophages -- Part 3: Validation of methods for concentration of bacteriophages
from water
ISO 10705-4:2001
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of bacteriophages -- Part 4: Enumeration of bacteriophages infecting Bacteroides
fragilis
ISO 11731:1998
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of Legionella
ISO 11731-2:2004
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of Legionella -- Part 2: Direct membrane filtration method for waters with low bacterial
counts
ISO/TR 13843:2000
Water quality -- Guidance on validation of microbiological methods
ISO 15553:2006
Water quality -- Isolation and identification of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts from water
ISO 16266:2006
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- Method by membrane
filtration
ISO 17994:2004
Water quality -- Criteria for establishing equivalence between microbiological methods
ISO 17995:2005
Water quality -- Detection and enumeration of thermotolerant Campylobacter species
ISO 19458:2006
Water quality -- Sampling for microbiological analysis
TC 147/SC 5 Biological methods
ISO 6341:1996
Water quality -- Determination of the inhibition of the mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea) -- Acute
toxicity test
ISO 6341:1996/Cor 1:1998
ISO 7346-1:1996
Water quality -- Determination of the acute lethal toxicity of substances to a freshwater fish [Brachydanio rerio HamiltonBuchanan (Teleostei, Cyprinidae)] -- Part 1: Static method
ISO 7346-2:1996
Water quality -- Determination of the acute lethal toxicity of substances to a freshwater fish [Brachydanio rerio HamiltonBuchanan (Teleostei, Cyprinidae)] -- Part 2: Semi-static method
ISO 7346-3:1996
Water quality -- Determination of the acute lethal toxicity of substances to a freshwater fish [Brachydanio rerio HamiltonBuchanan (Teleostei, Cyprinidae)] -- Part 3: Flow-through method
ISO 7827:1994
Water quality -- Evaluation in an aqueous medium of the "ultimate" aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds -Method by analysis of dissolved organic carbon (DOC)
ISO 7828:1985
Water quality -- Methods of biological sampling -- Guidance on handnet sampling of aquatic benthic macro-invertebrates
ISO 8192:2007
Water quality -- Test for inhibition of oxygen consumption by activated sludge for carbonaceous and ammonium oxidation
ISO 8265:1988
Water quality -- Design and use of quantitative samplers for benthic macro-invertebrates on stony substrata in shallow
freshwaters
ISO 8689-1:2000
Water quality -- Biological classification of rivers -- Part 1: Guidance on the interpretation of biological quality data from surveys of benthic
macroinvertebrates
ISO 8689-2:2000
Water quality -- Biological classification of rivers -- Part 2: Guidance on the presentation of biological quality data from surveys of benthic
macroinvertebrates
ISO 8692:2004
Water quality -- Freshwater algal growth inhibition test with unicellular green algae
ISO 9391:1993
Water quality -- Sampling in deep waters for macro-invertebrates -- Guidance on the use of colonization, qualitative and quantitative
samplers
ISO 9408:1999
Water quality -- Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium by determination of oxygen
demand in a closed respirometer
ISO 9439:1999
Water quality -- Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium -- Carbon dioxide evolution test
ISO 9509:2006
Water quality -- Toxicity test for assessing the inhibition of nitrification of activated sludge microorganisms
ISO 9887:1992
Water quality -- Evaluation of the aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in an aqueous medium -- Semi-continuous activated
sludge method (SCAS)
ISO 9888:1999
Water quality -- Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium -- Static test (Zahn-Wellens
method)
ISO 10229:1994
Water quality -- Determination of the prolonged toxicity of substances to freshwater fish -- Method for evaluating the effects of substances
on the growth rate of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum (Teleostei, Salmonidae))
ISO 10253:2006
Water quality -- Marine algal growth inhibition test with Skeletonema costatum and Phaeodactylum tricornutum
ISO 10634:1995
Water quality -- Guidance for the preparation and treatment of poorly water-soluble organic compounds for the
subsequent evaluation of their biodegradability in an aqueous medium
ISO 10706:2000
Water quality -- Determination of long term toxicity of substances to Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea)
ISO 10707:1994
Water quality -- Evaluation in an aqueous medium of the "ultimate" aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds -Method by analysis of biochemical oxygen demand (closed bottle test)
ISO 10708:1997
Water quality -- Evaluation in an aqueous medium of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds -Determination of biochemical oxygen demand in a two-phase closed bottle test
ISO 10712:1995
Water quality -- Pseudomonas putida growth inhibition test (Pseudomonas cell multiplication inhibition test)
ISO 11348-1:1998
Water quality -- Determination of the inhibitory effect of water samples on the light emission of Vibrio fischeri
(Luminescent bacteria test) -- Part 1: Method using freshly prepared bacteria
ISO 11348-2:1998
Water quality -- Determination of the inhibitory effect of water samples on the light emission of Vibrio fischeri
(Luminescent bacteria test) -- Part 2: Method using liquid-dried bacteria
ISO 11348-3:1998
Water quality -- Determination of the inhibitory effect of water samples on the light emission of Vibrio fischeri
(Luminescent bacteria test) -- Part 3: Method using freeze-dried bacteria
ISO 11733:2004
Water quality -- Determination of the elimination and biodegradability of organic compounds in an aqueous medium -Activated sludge simulation test
ISO 11734:1995
Water quality -- Evaluation of the "ultimate" anaerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in digested sludge -Method by measurement of the biogas production
ISO 12890:1999
Water quality -- Determination of toxicity to embryos and larvae of freshwater fish -- Semi-static method
ISO 13641-1:2003
Water quality -- Determination of inhibition of gas production of anaerobic bacteria -- Part 1: General test
ISO 13641-2:2003
Water quality -- Determination of inhibition of gas production of anaerobic bacteria -- Part 2: Test for low biomass concentrations
ISO 13829:2000
Water quality -- Determination of the genotoxicity of water and waste water using the umu-test
ISO 14442:2006
Water quality -- Guidelines for algal growth inhibition tests with poorly soluble materials, volatile compounds, metals and waste water
ISO 14592-1:2002
Water quality -- Evaluation of the aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds at low concentrations -- Part 1: Shake-flask batch test
with surface water or surface water/sediment suspensions
ISO 14592-2:2002
Water quality -- Evaluation of the aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds at low concentrations -- Part 2: Continuous flow river
model with attached biomass
ISO 14593:1999
Water quality -- Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium -- Method by analysis of
inorganic carbon in sealed vessels (CO2 headspace test)
ISO 14669:1999
Water quality -- Determination of acute lethal toxicity to marine copepods (Copepoda, Crustacea)
ISO 15088:2007
Water quality -- Determination of the acute toxicity of waste water to zebrafish eggs (Danio rerio)
ISO/TR 15462:2006
Water quality -- Selection of tests for biodegradability
ISO 15522:1999
Water quality -- Determination of the inhibitory effect of water constituents on the growth of activated sludge microorganisms
ISO 16221:2001
Water quality -- Guidance for determination of biodegradability in the marine environment
ISO 16240:2005
Water quality -- Determination of the genotoxicity of water and waste water -- Salmonella/microsome test (Ames test)
ISO 16665:2005
Water quality -- Guidelines for quantitative sampling and sample processing of marine soft-bottom macrofauna
ISO 16712:2005
Water quality -- Determination of acute toxicity of marine or estuarine sediment to amphipods
ISO 18749:2004
Water quality -- Adsorption of substances on activated sludge -- Batch test using specific analytical methods
ISO 19493:2007
Water quality -- Guidance on marine biological surveys of hard-substrate communities
ISO 20079:2005
Water quality -- Determination of the toxic effect of water constituents and waste water on duckweed (Lemna minor) -Duckweed growth inhibition test
ISO/TS 20281:2006
Water quality -- Guidance on statistical interpretation of ecotoxicity data
ISO 21427-1:2006
Water quality -- Evaluation of genotoxicity by measurement of the induction of micronuclei -- Part 1: Evaluation of
genotoxicity using amphibian larvae
ISO 21427-2:2006
Water quality -- Evaluation of genotoxicity by measurement of the induction of micronuclei -- Part 2: Mixed population
method using the cell line V79
ISO 23893-1:2007
Water quality -- Biochemical and physiological measurements on fish -- Part 1: Sampling of fish, handling and preservation
of samples
ISO/TS 23893-2:2007
Water quality -- Biochemical and physiological measurements on fish -- Part 2: Determination of ethoxyresorufin-Odeethylase (EROD)
TC 147/SC 6 Sampling (general methods)
ISO 5667-1:2006
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes and sampling
techniques
ISO 5667-3:2003
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water samples
ISO 5667-4:1987
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 4: Guidance on sampling from lakes, natural and man-made
ISO 5667-5:2006
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 5: Guidance on sampling of drinking water from treatment works and
piped distribution systems
ISO 5667-6:2005
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 6: Guidance on sampling of rivers and streams
ISO 5667-7:1993
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 7: Guidance on sampling of water and steam in boiler plants
ISO 5667-8:1993
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 8: Guidance on the sampling of wet deposition
ISO 5667-9:1992
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 9: Guidance on sampling from marine waters
ISO 5667-10:1992
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 10: Guidance on sampling of waste waters
ISO 5667-11:1993
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 11: Guidance on sampling of groundwaters
ISO 5667-12:1995
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 12: Guidance on sampling of bottom sediments
ISO 5667-13:1997
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 13: Guidance on sampling of sludges from sewage and water treatment works
ISO 5667-14:1998
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 14: Guidance on quality assurance of environmental water sampling and
handling
ISO 5667-15:1999
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 15: Guidance on preservation and handling of sludge and sediment samples
ISO 5667-16:1998
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 16: Guidance on biotesting of samples
ISO 5667-17:2000
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 17: Guidance on sampling of suspended sediments
ISO 5667-18:2001
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 18: Guidance on sampling of groundwater at contaminated sites
ISO 5667-19:2004
Water quality -- Sampling -- Part 19: Guidance on sampling of marine sediments
Normalización a nivel local
Esquema tradicional de una norma
IRAM Directiva 1- Redacción y presentación de las normas IRAM
Ejemplo de esquema de una norma
PREFACIO
1
OBJETO Y CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN
2
DOCUMENTOS NORMATIVOS PARA CONSULTA
3
DEFINICIONES
4
INTERFERENTES
5
REACTIVOS / INSTRUMENTAL
6
CALIBRACION
7
MUESTREO / PROCEDIMIENTO
8
CÁLCULOS
9
MANEJO Y GESTION DE RESIDUOS
10 SEGURIDAD Y SALUD
ANEXOS
REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS
Comité de Calidad Ambiental IRAM
Comité de Calidad Ambiental
Subcomité
Ecotoxicología
Subcomité
Calidad
de Aire
Subcomité Calidad del
agua de Análisis
Biológicos
Subcomité Gestión de la Calidad
de Serv. de Abastecim. de Agua
Potable y Sist. de Aguas
Residuales
Subcomité
Calidad
de Suelo
Subcomité Calidad
de Agua – Análisis
Químicos
Subcomité de
Acciones Correctivas
Basadas en Riesgo
(ACBR)
ISO / TC 147
SC 2 Calidad
del agua de
Análisis
Biológicos
SC
Ecotoxicología
SC 1
Calidad del agua
Análisis
Químicos
Buenos Aires
SC1- Calidad del Agua de Análisis
Químicos
• Determinación de constituyentes del agua
• Determinación de parámetros característicos
• Muestreo
• Utilización de diversos métodos y técnicas
de análisis
SC1 - Calidad del Agua de Análisis
Químicos
Normas IRAM publicadas
• IRAM 29007-1. Determinación de la demanda química de oxígeno
(DQO) por la técnica del dicromato
• IRAM 29007-2. Determinación de la demanda química de oxígeno
(DQO) Parte 2: Método colorimétrico con reflujo cerrado
• IRAM 29010-1. Determinación de cianuro. Parte 1: Determinación de
cianuro total
• IRAM 29010-2. Determinación de cianuro. Parte 2: Determinación de
cianuro fácilmente liberable
• IRAM 29011. Determinación de turbidez
• IRAM 29012-1. Muestro. Parte 1: Directivas Generales para el
diseño de programas de muestreo
• IRAM 29012-10. Muestreo de Aguas residuales
• IRAM 29012-11. Muestreo. Parte 11: Directivas para el
muestreo de aguas subterráneas
• IRAM 29012-14. Muestreo. Parte 14: Directivas sobre
aseguramiento de la calidad del muestreo y manipulación de
agua
• IRAM 29012-15. Muestreo. Directivas para la preservación y
manipulación de muestras de barros y sedimentos
• IRAM 29012-2. Muestreo. Directivas generales sobre técnicas
• IRAM 29012-3. Muestreo. Parte 3: Guía para la preservación y
manipulación de las muestras
• IRAM 29012-4. Muestreo. Parte 4: Directivas para el muestreo
de aguas de lagos naturales y artificiales
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
IRAM 29012-5. Muestreo. Parte 5: Guía sobre muestreo de agua potable y
de aguas utilizadas para el procesamiento de alimentos y bebidas
IRAM 29012-7. Parte 7: Guía para el muestreo de agua y vapor en calderas
IRAM 29013-1. Determinación de cromo. Parte 1: Método de l
difenilcarbazida
IRAM 29013-2. Determinación de cromo. Parte 2: Método de
espectrometría de absorción atómica
IRAM 29015-1. Determinación de la demanda bioquímica de oxígeno
después de n días (DBOn). Parte 1: Método de dilución y siembra con alil
tioudea
IRAM 29015-2. Determinación de la demanda bioquímica de oxígeno
después de n días. Parte 2: Método para muestras que no requieren
dilución
IRAM 29016. Lixiviación. Procedimiento de extracción y ensayo de
integridad estructural
IRAM 29017-1. Determinación de bifenilos policlorados (PCB). Parte 1:
Preparación de la muestra por extracción líquido – líquido en ampolla de
decantación
•
•
•
•
IRAM 29017-2. Determinación de bifenilos policlorados (PCB) Parte 2:
Limpieza del extracto con ácido sulfúrico permanganato
IRAM 29017-3. Determinación de bifenilos policlorados (PCB).Parte 3:
Cromatografía gaseosa
IRAM 29020. Determinación de tensioactivos aniónicos por medición
del índice de azul de metileno
IRAM 29030-3. Determinación de sulfuro disuelto. Parte 3: Método
fotométrico utilizando azul de metileno
Normas IRAM publicadas: 25
SC1 - Calidad del Agua de Análisis Químicos
Normas en Estudio
IRAM 29023-1. Determinación de fluoruro. Método de sonda
electroquímica para agua potable y agua levemente
contaminada
 Especifica un método para la determinación de fluoruro disuelto en
agua potable y levemente contaminada, y en ciertas aguas
superficiales. usando una técnica electroquímica.
 Apropiado para concentraciones de fluoruro desde 0,2 mg/L a 2.0
g/L
 No es apropiado para aguas residuales y efluentes industriales
IRAM 29023-2. Determinación de fluoruros. Parte 2:
Determinación de fluoruro total inorgánico luego de la
digestión y destilación.
 Esta norma comenzará a tratarse en reuniones próximas
IRAM 29031. Determinación de arsénico. Método de
espectrometría de absorción atómica (técnica de hidruro)
 Especifica un método para la determinación de arsénico en aguas
de bebida, aguas subterráneas y aguas subterráneas y aguas
superficiales
 Rango de concentración de arsénico de 1 μg/l a 10 μg/l
 Se basa en la medición de absorción atómica del arsénico
generado por descomposición térmica del hidruro de arsénico (III)
 .
IRAM 29022. Lixiviación. Procedimiento de lixiviación para la
evaluación de características de toxicidad (PLCT) (EA 7)
 Establece el procedimiento para determinar la movilidad de analitos
orgánicos e inorgánicos, presentes en los residuos líquidos, sólidos y
multifásicos.
 No es necesario aplicar este método cuando un análisis global de residuos
demuestra que no están presentes analitos individuales o que se
encuentran en una concentración que no excede los niveles regulados
IRAM 29021. Evaluación estadística de la función de calibración
lineal para métodos analíticos instrumentales (E 2)
 Describe los pasos a seguir para evaluar las características estadísticas de
la función de calibración lineal
 Aplicable a métodos analíticos instrumentales que requieren calibración
SC 2 Calidad del agua de Análisis Biológicos
• Muestreo
• Medición
• Registro
• Características biológicas del agua
• Muestreo y análisis de contaminantes en efluentes
líquidos
SC 2 Calidad del agua de Análisis Biológicos
Norma
Título
Publicada
IRAM
29006
Determinación de la demanda bioquímica de
oxígeno después de 5 d (DBO5), por dilución y
siembra
09-07-1997
IRAM
29008
Determinación de O disuelto. Método
yodométrico.
07-04-1995
IRAM
29009
Determinación del oxígeno disuelto. Método
electroquímico de la sonda
07-04-1995
IRAM
29012
Muestreo. Parte 9. Directivas para el muestreo
de aguas marinas y de estuarios
16-07-2001
Norma
Título
Publicada
IRAM
29107-1
Detección y recuento de Escherichia coli y
bacterias coliformes. Parte 1: Método de
filtración por membrana
15-09-2006
IRAM
29107-2
Detección y enumeración de organismos
coliformes, organismos coliformes termotolerantes y Escherichia coli presuntiva. Parte 2:
Método de tubos múltiples (número más
probable).
12-04-2005
IRAM
29122
Recuento de microorganismos cultivables.
Recuento de colonias en un medio nutritivo
agarizado.
28-10-2005
IRAM
29198
Método de evaluación y control de medios de
cultivo usados para el recuento de colonias en
ensayos de calidad de aguas.
07-11-2003
Norma
Título
Estado
IRAM
29104
Detección y recuento de Escherichia coli y
bacterias coliformes. Parte 1: Método de
filtración por membrana
En estudio
DP
IRAM
29108
Detección y recuento de Pseudomonas
aeruginosa. Método por filtración de membrana.
Su presencia es considerada como indicador de
las condiciones higiénico sanitarias de los
sistemas de almacenamiento y distribución de
agua
En estudio
EA5
IRAM
29107-2
Detección y enumeración de organismos
coliformes, organismos coliformes
termotolerantes y Escherichia coli presuntiva.
Parte 2: Método de tubos múltiples (número más
probable).
A iniciar
estudio
SC 2 Ecotoxicología
Muestreo
Medición
Registro
Características ecotoxicológicas del agua
Muestreo y análisis de contaminantes en efluentes
acuosos
SC 2 Ecotoxicología
Norma
Título
Publicada
IRAM
29012-16
Calidad ambiental Muestreo. Parte 16.
Guía para el bioensayo de muestras.
25-11-2003
IRAM
29111
Método de ensayo de inhibición del
crecimiento de algas verdes
unicelulares de agua dulce.
03-04-2006
IRAM
29130
Deteminación de la inhibición de la
movilidad de Daphnia magna Straus
(Cladocera, Crustacea). Ensayo de
toxicidad aguda (2004)
20-09-2004
Norma
Título
Estado
IRAM
29112
Deteminación de la toxicidad letal aguda de
sustancias en peces de agua dulce. Método
semiestático
En estudio
E1a
IRAM
29114
Método de ensayo de toxicidad aguda con semillas En estudio
de lechuga ( Lactuca sativa L.)EA5
IRAM
29115
Determinación del efecto inhibidor de
muestras de agua sobre la luminiscencia de Vibrio
fischeri (ensayo de bacterias luminiscentes).
Método utilizando bacterias liofilizadas.
A iniciar
En estudio
Comparativa normativa nacional/internacional
Parámetros
IRAM
ISO
Observaciones
UNE
Observaci
ones
29007-1
29001-2
6060:1989
Determination of the chamical
oxygen demand
77004:2002
Determinac
ión de la
demanda
química de
oxígeno
(DQO).
Método del
docromato
29006
29015-1
5815-1:2003
Determination of biochemical
oxygen demand after n days
(BODn)- Part 1: Dilution and
seeding method with
allylthiourea addition
-
-
5815-2:2003
Dtermination of biochemical
oxygen demand after n days
(BODn)- Part 2: Method for
undiluted samples
-
-
-
-
-
-
6439:1990
Determination of phenol index4-Aminoantipyrine
spectrometric methods after
destilation.
-
-
DQO
DBO
Sólidos
Suspendidos
Totales
C. fenólicos
clorados[1]
-
Parámetros
IRAM
ISO
Observaciones
UNE
Observaciones
29130
-
-
77078:2002
Especificaciones
técnicas de carácter
general para los
instrumentos de
medida en continuo de
pH en vertidos
industriales
Nitrógeno total
22406
-
-
-
-
Nitrógeno
amoniacal
-
-
-
-
-
22407-3
22407-4
6878:2004
Determination of phosphorusAmmonium molybdate
sprectrometric method
-
-
Fósforo
Detergentes
25614
-
-
-
-
Color
29007-2
29087
ISO 7887:1994
Examination and
determination of colour
-
-
Otros
Parámetros
IRAM
ISO
Observaciones
UNE
Observaciones
Temperatura
-
-
-
-
-
Sólidos
Sedimen. 2
horas
29105
-
-
-
-
Sulfuros
29030-1
29030-2
-
-
-
-
S.S.E.E.
-
-
-
-
-
pH
Parámetros
IRAM
ISO
Observaciones
UNE
Observaciones
29010-1
29010-2
6703-1: 1984
Determination of cyanidePart 1: Determination of total
cyanide
-
-
-
6703-2: 1984
Determination of cyanidePart 2: Determination of easily
liberatable cyanide
-
-
-
6703-3: 1984
Determination of cyanidePart 3: Determination of
cyanogen chloride
-
-
29033
-
-
-
-
-
7393-2:1995
Determination of free chlorine
and total chlorine- Part 2
Colorimetric method using
N,N- diethyl-1,4phenylenediamine, for routine
control purposes.
-
-
-
7393-3:1990
Determination of free chlorine
and total chlorine- Part 3
Iodometric titration method
for the determination of total
chlorine.
-
-
Coliformes
Fecales
-
-
-
-
-
S.A.A.M.
-
-
-
-
-
-
6332:1998
Determination of iron.
Spectrometric method using
1,10-phenanthroline
-
-
-
6333:1986
Determination of manganesoFormaldoxime spectrometric
method.
-
-
Cianuros
Hidrocarburos
Totales
Cloro Libre
Hierro (soluble)
Manganeso
(soluble)
Parámetros
IRAM
ISO
Observaciones
UNE
Observaciones
Cinc
-
-
-
-
-
Níquel
-
-
-
-
-
Cromo Total
29013-1
29013-2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5961:1994
Determination of cadmium by
atomic absorption
spectrometry
-
-
Mercurio
41173-4
5666:1999
-
-
-
Cobre
-
-
-
-
-
Aluminio
-
-
-
-
-
Arsénico
29019
29031
-
-
-
-
Bario
-
-
-
-
-
Boro
-
-
-
-
-
Cobalto
-
-
-
-
-
Selenio
-
5663:1984
-
-
-
Plomo
-
-
-
-
-
-
6468:1996
Determination of certain
organochlorine insecticidas,
polychlorinated biphenyls and
chlorobenzenes- Gas
chromatographic method
after liquid-liquid extraction
-
-
Plaguicidas
Organofosfora
dos
-
-
-
-
-
Nitrógeno
Orgánico
-
-
-
-
-
Cromo
Hexavalente
Cadmio
Plaguicidas
Organoclorado
s
Parámetros
IRAM
ISO
Observaciones
UNE
Observaciones
-
5664:1984
-
-
-
Amoníaco
-
7150-1:1984
Determination of ammoniumPart 1: Manual spectrometric
method
-
-
Alquil Benceno
Sulfonato (ABS)
-
-
-
-
-
Plata
-
-
-
-
-
Demanda de Cloro
-
-
-
-
-
Cromo Trivalente
-
-
-
-
-
Estroncio
-
-
-
-
-
Radio
-
-
-
-
-
Radiaciones Beta
-
-
-
-
-
Cloro residual
-
-
-
-
-
OD
-
-
-
-
-
O.C. del MnO4K
-
-
-
-
-
Sustancias Solubles
en éter etílico
-
-
-
-
-
Relación de
absorción de sodio
-
-
-
-
-
-
ISO 7888:1985
Determination of electrical
conductivity
-
-
Dureza
-
-
-
-
-
Fluoruros
29023-1
29023-2
-
-
-
-
Turbiedad
-
7027:1999
Determination of turbidity
-
-
Sólidos disueltos
totales
-
-
-
-
-
Sulfatos
-
-
-
-
-
Conductividad
Conclusión final
• Comunicación
• Participación activa
• Detectar necesidades y tendencias
• Trabajo en conjunto
Muchas Gracias!!!
Contacto
Ing. Juan Ojea Espil
Gerencia Energía y Asuntos Ambientales
Dirección de Normalización, IRAM
Mail: jespil@iram.org.ar
Tel: +54 11 4346 0674
Email: jespil@iram.org.ar
Web: www.iram.org.ar