Redesigning
Community Colleges for the
New Business Environment
Davis Jenkins
Rob Johnstone
Community College Research Center
Teachers College, Columbia University
National Center for Inquiry and
Improvement
NJ Guided Pathways Conference
June 3, 2015 Brookdale Community College
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
New Business Environment
 State funding cuts  Tuition increases
 Federal financial aid leveling off
 High school population declining
 Pressures to dump dev ed
 Increased accountability for outcomes (aka
performance funding)
 Increased competition (public 4-years,
privates, on-line providers)
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
New CC Business Model
 Focus on program recruitment and retention
rather than course enrollment
 Clearly align programs with target career
(and further education) requirements
 Recruit students into programs and closely
monitor their progress
 Collaborate with 4-years, employers, K-12
schools  Regional “talent supply chains”
Student Pathway Analysis
CONNECTION
ENTRY
PROGRESS
COMPLETION
From interest to application
From entry to passing
program gatekeeper
courses
From program entry to
completion of program
requirements
Completion of credential of
value for further education
and labor market
advancement
Consider
College
Education
Enter
Program
of Study
Complete
Program,
Advance
to Further
Education
and in
Career
Lost in a Maze
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Dev Ed Sorting System
Source: CCRC
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Dev Ed Sorting System
Source: CCRC
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Dev Ed Innovations
Tennessee Dev Ed Co-Requisite Pilot Fall 2014:College
Math Pass Rate
80%
63%
70%
61%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
12%
First-time Freshmen
(Pre-Req.)
First-time Freshmen
(Co-req.)
All Students (CoReq.)
10%
0%
% Completed Gate MATH
Source: TN BOR.
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Dev Ed Innovations
Tennessee Dev Ed Co-Requisite Pilot: College Math Pass Rate by ACT
90%
83%
80%
70%
66%
60%
55%
63%
61%
58%
50%
37%
40%
30%
26%
20%
20%
13%
11%
10%
12%
7%
4%
0%
14
15
16
Pre-requisite Model: Fall 2012 Cohort
17
18
No ACT
Total
Co-requisite Models: Fall 2014 Cohort*
Source: TN BOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Dev Ed Innovations
Tennessee Dev Ed Co-Requisite Pilot: College Engl Pass Rate by ACT
90%
79%
80%
70%
76%
70%
64%
78%
74%
74%
63%
60%
50%
40%
33%
30%
22%
25%
37%
38%
31%
28%
25%
20%
10%
0%
12
13
14
15
Pre-requisite Model: Fall 2012 Cohort
16
17
No ACT
Total
Co-requisite Models: Fall 2014 Cohort*
Source: TN BOR
GENERAL EDUCATION REQUIREMENTS
(Select 12 courses from this list of more than 300)
12
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Unfulfilled Expectations
~1.5 million new cc students per year
100%
90%
80% intend to earn a bachelor’s
80%
70%
60%
36% of transfers earn
award before transfer
50%
40%
25% transfer to 4-year
in 5 yrs
30%
17% earn BA
6 yrs after transfer
20%
10%
0%
FTIC students
Sources: NCES and NSC.
Transferred to a 4-year
Completed bachelor's
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Student Experience of Transfer
• Confusion about programs, requirements
• Transfer credits count only as electives
Problems
• Many decide on majors too late
• Students take excess credits, lose time
and money
• Information inaccurate, inaccessible
Recurring
Themes
• Well-meaning but overwhelmed advisors
• Dysfunctional communication within/
among 2- and 4-years
• Students blame themselves
Pathway Models Compared
Self-Directed (Status Quo)
Guided Pathways
Optional career / college planning
Required plans, exploratory majors
Paths unclear, too many choices
Default, full-program maps
Students not building skills across
curriculum
SLOs aligned with end-goal
requirements
Assessment used to sort students
Assessment used to diagnose areas
where support needed
Pre-requisite remediation focused
on Algebra & English composition
Integrated, contextualized academic
support for program “gateway” courses
Students’ progress not monitored,
limited feedback
Proactive progress tracking, feedback,
support
Guided Pathways at Scale
Universities
 Florida State
Community Colleges
 Queensborough (CUNY)
 Univ. of Central Florida  Guttman College(CUNY)
 Georgia State
 City Colleges of Chicago
 Arizona State
 Miami Dade College
 TN State Universities
 TN community colleges
 Florida International
 St. Petersburg College
 Valencia College
©2013 U.S. Education Delivery Institute
19
© Arizona State University
Analytics
Deans and administrators have data to track
unit as well as institutional progress.
© Arizona State University
Impact: Tracking Overall Student Progress
Cohorts are defined by the academic year that the student
enters ASU as a full-time freshman
2007 Status
39%
2008 Status
2009 Status
7%
22%
7%
13%
46%
39%
2010 Status
47%
1.2%
80%
5.8%
Completed
On Track
Off Track
On track by override
91%
0.1% on
track by
override
© Arizona State University
Gains in First-Time Full-Time Freshman
Retention Rates
84%
84%
2009
2010
81%
79.5%
77.2%
2006
2007
2008
Add Mark Stratton, accounting MyASU,
then his progress report
Priority #1
Drive Student Completion and
Academic Success
•
•
•
•
•
•
Improve College Readiness
Reduce Time and Cost of Degree Completion
Encourage Early Connection to Careers
Embed Real World Experiences
Strengthen Student Support and Engagement
Launch Personalized Intervention
Source: Lorain County Community College
Default Program Maps
• T&A Co-chairs (all faculty) held work sessions to
identify common courses
o
o
o
o
Pivot tables used to find common courses among all programs
Gap analysis of LCCC programs with the labor market outlook
Created spreadsheets by program of clustered common courses
Used flip charts to begin flowcharting common courses
• Met with Program Coordinators with flowchart info
o
o
o
o
Changes made based on new info and feedback from coordinators
Student focused approach to changes
Widely accepted by coordinators
75% of coordinator meetings completed – remainder Fall 2015
• 2015-16 focus will be on default pathways
o Faculty involvement will be paramount
o Large # open-ended electives need pared down to a few choices
o As meta major narrows down to path, programs coordinators will need to be
involved in decisions
Source: Lorain County Community College
Take any of these 7 courses
and they will fit into any of
the 12 Business Programs
(Majors)
12 Business Programs
Accounting - AAB - 0011
Administrative Office Information Systems - AAB - 0209
ACTG 151
Business Administration - Entrepreneurship Major - AAB 0224
CISS 121
Business Administration - Financial Services - AAB - 0018
CMMC 151
Business Administration - Human Resource Management
Major - AAB - 0229
ENGL 161
ENGL 162
Business Administration - Management Major - AAB - 0227
Business Administration - Marketing Major - AAB - 0226
Business Administration -- Supply Chain Management - AAB 0208
MTHM 151
Computer Information Systems - Mobile Device Application
Development - AAB - 6639
SDEV 101
Computer Information Systems - Network Communications
Technology Major - AAB - 6649
Computer Information Systems - Software Development - AAB
- 6618
Computer Information Systems -- Web Development Major AAB - 6601
Source: Lorain County Community College
A student who
wants to try another
accounting class
can take ACTG 152
and is still on a path
that leads into 10
Business Majors
ACTG 152
Accounting - AAB - 0011
Administrative Office Information Systems - AAB - 0209
Business Administration - Entrepreneurship Major - AAB 0224
Business Administration - Financial Services - AAB - 0018
Business Administration - Human Resource Management Major
- AAB - 0229
Business Administration - Management Major - AAB - 0227
Business Administration - Marketing Major - AAB - 0226
Business Administration -- Supply Chain Management - AAB 0208
Computer Information Systems - Mobile Device Application
Development - AAB - 6639
Computer Information Systems - Network Communications
Technology Major - AAB - 6649
Computer Information Systems - Software Development - AAB
- 6618
Computer Information Systems -- Web Development Major AAB - 6601
Source: Lorain County Community College
Full Accounting Curriculum Guide
First Year
Fall Semester
ACTG
ECNM
ENGL
MTHM
SDEV
151
151
161
151
101
Accounting I - Financial
Macroeconomics
College Composition I
College Mathematics
College 101
4
3
3
3
1
14
Spring Semester
> ACTG
CISS
CMMC
ECNM
> ENGL
152
121
151
152
162
Accounting II - Managerial
Microcomputer Applications I
Oral Communications
Microeconomics
College Composition II
4
3
3
3
3
16
251
267
165
251
Intermediate Accounting I
Federal Income Tax Procedures - Individuals
Legal Environment of Business
Business Finance
Spring Semester
> ACTG 252
Intermediate Accounting II
> ACTG 265
Cost Accounting
BADM 251
Principles of Management *** OR
> MKRG 251
Principles of Marketing
Science Elective with lab**
Electives*
Total Semester Credit Hours
Accounting - AAB - 0011
Administrative Office Information Systems - AAB 0209
Business Administration - Entrepreneurship Major AAB - 0224
Second Year
Fall Semester
> ACTG
> ACTG
BADM
> FNCE
The default pathway was modified
slightly to fit the accounting program,
but still at the end of the 2nd semester,
a student can choose 8 different
business majors with nothing lost
4
4
3
3
14
Business Administration - Financial Services - AAB 0018
Business Administration - Human Resource
Management Major - AAB - 0229
Business Administration - Management Major AAB - 0227
4
3
3
4
2/3
16/17
60/61
Business Administration - Marketing Major - AAB 0226
Business Administration -- Supply Chain
Management - AAB - 0208
Source: Lorain County Community College
Exploratory Majors
for Undecided
• Transfer and Applied Team identified categories and
mapped all programs
• Originally 20 but narrowed down to 12
o (based on behavioral economics data – Rob Johnstone)
• LCCC will brand as Career/Major Interest Areas
• Imbed in LCCC on-line application
o Reduces choice from 130 to 12
• Students who know what they want can select specific
major at 1st required Advising appointment
• Website redesign that will link ALL pages regarding
career and programs to labor market data and these 12
areas
• Working out details to launch by September 1
Source: Lorain County Community College
Career/Major Interest Areas
Begin with your CAREER in mind…
Business and
Entrepreneurship
Communication and
Creative Arts
Culinary and
Hospitality
Education
Engineering and
Manufacturing
Health Care
Human and Social
Services
Information
Technologies
Sciences
Personal / Professional
Development
Public Safety
Sports and Fitness
A-Z List of Programs
[Click on Health Care]
Health Care
Many of today’s hottest careers are in the healthcare
field, with career opportunities and personal
satisfaction unmatched by other professions.
Lorain County Community College’s
nursing program gets highest
Nursing
Clinical Lab Science
accreditation rating – The Morning
Journal, April 2015
[Click to read the article]
Dental Hygiene
Diagnostic Medical Sonography
Medical Assisting
Physical Therapist Asst.
Radiologic Technology
Respiratory Care
Sports and Fitness
[Click on Nursing]
Nursing
LCCC nursing programs provide an exceptional
instructional, laboratory and clinical experience to
prepare graduates for a career in nursing or to
help working nurses advance in their career.
“As a nurse, we have the opportunity to heal
the heart, mind, soul and body of our patients,
their families and ourselves. They may not
Associate Degree Nursing (RN)
remember your name but they will never
forget the way you made them feel.”
LPN to RN
(Access in Nursing)
Paramedic to RN
Practical Nursing
University Partnership
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Master of Science in Nursing
[Click on Associate Degree
Nursing]
~Maya Angelou
Associate Degree Nursing
Become a Registered Nurse
(list job titles for someone who earns this specific credential)
Career Information
Employment of registered nurses is
projected to grow 19 percent from
2012 to 2022, faster than the
average for all occupations. – Bureau
of Labor Statistics
Curriculum Guide
Course Descriptions
Admission Requirements
Video
Apply
Schedule a Visit
Live Chat
Image
Required Plans Tied to
Predictable Schedules
• Piloting block scheduling with SAIL Project
(CUNY ASAP Replication with MDRC and
OBOR)
• Partnering with Ad Astra and Platinum
Analytics to be more strategic about scheduling
from the student success lens
• eMyCAP provides individualized career and
academic plans and help identify courses
needed going forward
Source: Lorain County Community College
Career Advantage for Students
1. Clarify Career
Goal
2. Apply career goal
to educational
program
3. Place graduates in
careers
•Importance of selecting a major to ensure that students
maximize their time and efforts and meet their objectives
•Provide students with immediate experience with selected
program to engage them more fully beginning with their
first semester and continuing through their certificate or
degree completion. Include work-based learning
opportunities.
•Work proactively with students by major to provide
enhanced job placement opportunities that meet the
students’ career goals.
Source: Lorain County Community College
Career Services: An Opportunity At All
Points of the Loss – Momentum Framework
CONNECTION
ENTRY
PROGRESS
COMPLETION
Interest to Application
Enrollment to Completion of
Gatekeeper Courses
Entry into Course of Study to 75%
Requirements Completed
Complete Course of Study to
Credential with Labor Market
Value
POTENTIAL
STUDENTS
Leverage results of Noel Levitz
CSI to identify undecided
students
Redesigning admission
process from major
selection to Career
Interest Areas (from 106
choices to 15)
Stronger Connection
between Career Services
and Enrollment Services
Team approach with Student
Success Coaches, Advisors,
Academic Counselors, &
Career Specialists at the front
end
• Follow up to ensure on
correct path
• Referral to more in-depth
career coaching, as
Robust
Career Decision tools:
needed
MyPlan, Career Coach and
OhioMeansJobs.com
• Embedded into SDEV
course outcomes
Experiential educational
opportunities available to
help in career decision
Curriculum Council Approved
Experiential Education in all
programs of study 11/14
Received second 2-year Ohio
Means Internship and Co-op
(OMIC) grant in 2014 – 26 new
internship placements since July
2014
Annual Job Fair
and Internship
Fair
VIP program
prepares students
for Job Fair by
assisting them with
resume building
and interviewing
skills
TRANSFER
AA/AS
UNIVERSITY/
COLLEGE
PARTNERS
JOB & CAREER
AAS
INDUSTRY
PARTNERS
Service Learning offerings in
every Division
Career Week, March 3-7: Career exploration activities, workshops, faculty presentations, and employer tours
Source: Lorain County Community College
Earn bachelor’s degree by age 20 to prepare for
Careers in High-Demand, Well-Paying Jobs
Pathways to University Partnership Bachelor’s Degrees
Business Administration
3+1
Computer Science and Engineering
Psychology
3+1
Education
Biology
3+1
Accounting
3+1
IT
3+1
Source: Lorain County Community College
Earn an Associate’s Degree and High School
Diploma simultaneously – But Flexible
to Join When Ready
•
•
•
•
Freshman = 6 college credits + HS courses
Sophomore = 7 college credits + HS courses
Junior = 30 college credits + (1 or 2) HS courses
Senior = 34 college credits (16-18 each semester
with the remainder of HS requirements met through
college coursework)
Source: Lorain County Community College
9th Grade
HS CU Credit
HS Course
1
1
1
1
1
1
English 9
Algebra I or Geometry
Physical Science
College & Career Readiness
1
Elective/Open
1
8
Elective/Open
Associate of Arts / Science
@ HS Campus
LCCC Course
SDEV 102: Strategies for College Success
CISS 121: Microcomputer Applications
College Credit
3
3
Foreign Language
6
10th Grade
1
1
1
1
1
1
.5
.25
1
1
7.75
English 10
Geometry or Alg. II
Biology or Chemistry
Social Studies II
HSTR 161: US History I
HSTR 162: US History II
3
3
Health
Physical Education
Foreign Language
Elective
6
11th Grade
HS Credit
HS Course
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
English 11
1
10
Alg. II or Pre Calculus
Chemistry
Social Studies 3
Associate of Arts/Science
@ HS Campus
LCCC Course
College Credit
ENGL 161 & 162: College Composition I & II
3
3
MTHM 171: College Algebra
MTHM 172: Precalculus
CHMY 161 & 162
General, Organic & Biochemistry I & II
PLSC 156: American National Govt.
PLSC 151: Comparative Politics
4
3
4
4
3
3
Economics/Personal Finance
Foreign Language
27
12th Grade
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
English 4
Math 4
Advanced Science
Social Studies
Foreign Language
Elective/Science
ENGL 255: Intro to Fiction
HUMS 151: Intro to Humanities
MTHM 181: Calculus
MTHM 168: Statistics
3
3
5
3
BIOG 161 & 162 or
PHYC 151 & 152
PSYC 151 and SOCI 151
ECON 151/152
(choose 2)
4/5
4/5
3
3
PHLY 165: Bioethics or Science
3
31/33
Save 80% of the cost
University Costs
4 Years
Bachelor’s Degree
Completion Cost
With Room & Board
through MyUniversity
Ashland University
B.S. in Education
$157,416
$32,798
79%
Bowling Green State University
B.S. in Biology
$75,400
$11,745
84%
Cleveland State University
B.A. in Psychology
$85,227
$12,525
85%
Hiram College
B.A. in Accounting & Fin. Mgmt
$160,600
$24,554
85%
Kent State University
Bachelor of Bus. Admin.
$77,408
$12,893
83%
University of Akron
B.S. in Sport Studies
$80,578
$12,811
84%
University of Toledo
B.S. in Computer Science & Eng.
$83,177
$15,726
81%
College/University
** LCCC’s in county tuition is $3,077 per year for a full-time student
Percent savings based on Bachelor’s Degree with LCCC’s MyUniversity
Guarantee versus all 4 years at the university rates and incurring room & board.
Savings!
GPS Design Principles
 Require students to explore careers, set goals
and develop academic plans from the start
 Simplify their choices with default roadmaps
 Redesign intake with goal of helping students
choose and successfully enter a POS
 Assess learning and improve teaching
across programs, not just courses
 Monitor students’ progress, giving frequent
feedback and support as needed
For more information
Please visit us on the web at
http://ccrc.tc.columbia.edu
where you can download presentations, reports,
and briefs, and sign-up for news announcements.
We’re also on Facebook and Twitter.
Community College Research Center
Institute on Education and the Economy,
Teachers College, Columbia University
525 West 120th Street, Box 174, New York, NY 10027
E-mail: ccrc@columbia.edu Telephone: 212.678.3091
Top 10
Frequently Asked Questions
About Redesigning Colleges to
Improve Completion
www.inquiry2improvement.com
Top 10 FAQs - Redesigning for Completion
1. Won’t we lose enrollment when we get
rid of the swirl with increased structure?
2. Isn’t college a meritocracy, where the
strong / smart succeed, and the weak /
underprepared / unmotivated don’t
succeed?
National Center for Inquiry & Improvement
www.inquiry2improvement.com
Top 10 FAQs - Redesigning for Completion
3. Isn’t free choice the cornerstone of
American higher education?
4. Don’t students benefit when they “find
themselves” by what looks like
wandering to the observer?
National Center for Inquiry & Improvement
www.inquiry2improvement.com
Top 10 FAQs - Redesigning for Completion
5. Aren’t we going to sacrifice quality when
move to more structured pathways?
6. Don’t we lose a liberal arts education
when we make things more structured?
7. Isn’t all of this “hand-holding” going to
create graduates that can’t navigate the
workplace and the “real world”?
National Center for Inquiry & Improvement
www.inquiry2improvement.com
Top 10 FAQs - Redesigning for Completion
8. How can students be expected to make
career decisions when they are 18 or 19?
9. Don’t students change careers four to
seven times? Given this, why would we
put them on structured pathways?
10. Won’t faculty lose control over what is
taught in their discipline?
National Center for Inquiry & Improvement
www.inquiry2improvement.com