Part III / XIII of the 8,500+ Slide Human Body
Systems and Health Topics Unit from
www.sciencepowerpoint.com
Part I: Levels of Biological Organization
Part II: The Skeletal System
Part III: The Muscular System
Part IV: Nutrients and Molecules of Life
Part V: Healthy Living and Eating
Part VI: The Digestive System
Part VII: The Circulatory System
Part VIII: The Respiratory System / Dangers of Smoking
Part IX: The Excretory System
Part X: The Nervous System
Part XI: The Endocrine System
Part XII: The Reproductive System
Part XIII: The Immune System
• The Human Body Systems and Health Topic
Units includes.
– A 13 Part 8,500 Slide PowerPoint roadmap.
– 40 page bundled homework package, modified version,
answer keys, homework rubric. All chronologically
follows slideshow.
– 56 Pages of unit notes that follow slideshow.
– 7 PowerPoint Review Games (1,400 Slides) with
answers and game sheet.
– 30 Worksheets that follow slideshow for classwork
– Crossword puzzles, games, rubrics, curriculum guide,
and much more.
– http://www.sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Syst
ems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html
• More Units Available at…
Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics
Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The
Rivers and Water Quality Unit, The Water Molecule Unit.
Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms
and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and
Science Skills Unit.
Life Science: The Infectious Diseases Unit, The Cellular Biology Unit,
The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The
Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology:
Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural
Selection Unit, and The Human Body Systems and Health Topics Unit
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Human Body Unit
Part
IX/XIII
Human Body Unit
Part
IX/XIII
• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
-Nice neat notes that are legible and use
indentations when appropriate.
-Example of indent.
-Skip a line between topics
-Don’t skip pages
-Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please label.
Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow
directions, complete projects as described
and answer required questions neatly.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise
your hand as soon as you see him.
– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
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“Hoot, Hoot”
“Good Luck!”
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
New Area of Focus: The Excretory System
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
The excretory system provides a pathway
to remove wastes from the body.
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• The excretory system removes excess…
Nutrients
Oxygen
Water
Marrow
Nutrients
Salts
Cells
Plasma
CO2
Oxygen
Air
Urea
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The excretory system removes excess…
Nutrients
Oxygen
Water
Marrow
Nutrients
Salts
Cells
Plasma
CO2
Oxygen
Air
Urea
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
The process that removes
these wastes is called
excretion.
Water
Salts
CO2
Urea
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Which two do the lungs get
rid of?
Water
Salts
CO2
Urea
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Which two do the lungs get
rid of?
Water
Salts
CO2
Urea
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The remaining organs of the excretory
system are the
• The remaining organs of the excretory
system are the kidneys,
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• The remaining organs of the excretory
system are the kidneys, liver,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The remaining organs of the excretory
system are the kidneys, liver, and skin.
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Which organ of the excretory
system does this picture represent?

The Kidneys: They filter waste products
from the blood to keep it clean and
balanced.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bean shaped organ about size of fist
located near the middle of the back.
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• Which letter below is this Cat’s Right Kidney?
• Which letter below is this Cat’s Right Kidney?
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• The kidneys process about 200 quarts of
blood and produce 2 quarts of waste
product (urine).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The kidneys process about 200 quarts of
blood and produce 2 quarts of waste
product (urine).
– The urine travels through the ureters to the
bladder
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• Waste comes from old tissues / cells and
from food as the body uses energy and
repairs itself.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Waste comes from old tissues / cells and
from food as the body uses energy and
repairs itself.
– This waste, if not removed will build-up and
cause damage.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Waste comes from old tissues / cells and
from food as the body uses energy and
repairs itself.
– This waste, if not removed will build-up and
cause damage.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Each kidney has how many nephrons?
– A.) ½ a nephron
– B.) One full nephron
– C.) 6 nephrons
– D.) A million nephrons
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• Each kidney has how many nephrons?
– A.) ½ a nephron
– B.) One full nephron
– C.) 6 nephrons
– D.) A million nephrons
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The Kidney
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The Kidney
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Glomerulus
Glomerulus
Filtration of
waste
Glomerulus
Filtration of
waste
Bow Man’s
Capsule
Glomerulus
Bow Man’s
Capsule
Reabsorption
Filtration of
waste
Glomerulus
Bow Man’s
Capsule
Reabsorption
Filtration of
waste
Glomerulus
Bow Man’s
Capsule
Reabsorption
Filtration of
waste
Glomerulus
Bow Man’s
Capsule
Reabsorption
Filtration of
waste
Glomerulus
Bow Man’s
Capsule
Reabsorption
Filtration of
waste
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• In the nephron, a tiny blood vessel
(capillary) -intertwines with a tiny urinecollecting tube called a tubule.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients do not.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients do not.
Urea
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients do not.
Urea
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients do not.
Salts
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients do not.
Water
Urine is about
96% Water.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients do not.
Water
Protein
Blood Cell
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients do not.
Water
Too Large to fit through
Protein
Blood Cell
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The kidneys measure out chemicals such
as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium
and release them back to the blood to
return to the body.
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• The kidneys measure out chemicals such
as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium
and release them back to the blood to
return to the body.
Reabsorption
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The kidneys measure out chemicals such
as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium
and release them back to the blood to
return to the body.
– The kidneys regulate / balance the bodies
level of these substances.
Reabsorption
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The amount of water and salts that you
consume changes your urine.
– Which person drank plenty of water this
morning?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The amount of water and salts that you
consume changes your urine.
– Which person drank plenty of water this
morning?
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• The amount of water and salts that you
consume changes your urine.
– Which person ate lots of salty junk food this
morning?
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• If you eat lots of salty foods you will produce less
urine. That urine will have less water in it.
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• If you eat lots of salty foods you will produce less
urine. That urine will have less water in it.
– Your kidneys control the amount of water in
your body.
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• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
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• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.
– Not bright yellow once a day.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.
– Not bright yellow once a day.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.
– Not bright yellow once a day.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.
– Not bright yellow once a day.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids?
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids? Okay
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids?
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids? Yes
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids?
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids? Not needed.
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids?
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids?
• Can you drink your own urine?
– If your stuck on a raft etc. in a survival situation
in the middle of the ocean.
• Drinking your urine may keep you alive an
extra day or two.
– Urine is mostly water so it can replenish lost
water. 95%
– Sterile so it won’t give you disease.
– The other 5% is going back to your kidneys and
after a day or two this highly concentrated
waste can cause kidney failure.
– So your in trouble from total dehydration, or
complete kidney failure.
• Kidney Stone: A hard mass formed in the
kidneys, typically consisting of insoluble
calcium compounds.
• Kidney Stones: Cause severe stomach and
back aches that go down to the genitals and
last for a long period.
• Treatment
– Dietary Treatment (Changes)
– Pass the stone (if small)
– Surgery
– Shockwave Surgery
• Treatment
– Dietary Treatment (Changes)
– Pass the stone (if small)
– Surgery
– Shockwave Surgery
– Treatment in 1935
• Video Link! Khan Academy, Kidney and
Nephron (18 minutes) - Advanced
– http://www.khanacademy.org/video/thekidney-and-nephron?playlist=Biology
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Urine travels from the kidneys through
narrow tubes called ureters to the bladder.
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
Urinary Bladder: Stores urine until
excretion.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Step by step drawing of the
excretory system.
– (1/2 a page) Start on next slide.
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• Excretory System Available Sheet.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Kidneys
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Kidneys
Ureters
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Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Kidneys
Ureters
Urethra
Bladder
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
Urethra: Tube that connects the urinary
bladder to the genitals for the removal of
fluids out of the body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
The sphincter muscles
keep urine in the bladder
until relaxed.
When you contract
your bladder muscles
you will urinate.
When you contract
your bladder muscles
you will urinate.
Empty
Full
• Video! The Urinary System
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chhNaLi
9P3E
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the next organ that is a part of the
excretory system?
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
The Liver: Vital organ that among other
jobs filters toxins from the blood.
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• The liver can filter alcohol and amino acids
which are the building blocks of proteins.
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• The liver can filter alcohol and amino acids
which are the building blocks of proteins.
– These are broken down to form urea.
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• Although the liver can detoxify alcohol.
– Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to
cirrhosis of the liver.
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• Although the liver can detoxify alcohol.
– Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to
cirrhosis of the liver.
• Although the liver can detoxify alcohol.
– Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to
cirrhosis of the liver.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The liver is a vital organ and you cannot
survive long term without it.
– Please take care of it.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The liver is a vital organ and you cannot
survive long term without it.
– Please take care of it.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The liver is a vital organ and you cannot
survive long term without it.
– Please take care of it.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video! The Liver, Cirrhosis, and Alcohol
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pmBBT4ve
CRc
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the next organ in the excretory
system?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The integumentary system is the organ
system that protects the body from
damage.
• The integumentary system is the organ
system that protects the body from
damage.
– Comprising the skin and its appendages
(including hair and nails.)

Skin: Large organ that covers body.
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• Skin: Large organ that covers body.
– Aids in protection
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• Skin: Large organ that covers body.
– Aids in protection
– Keeps in moisture
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Skin: Large organ that covers body.
– Aids in protection
– Keeps in moisture
– Makes new skin (repair)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Skin: Large organ that covers body.
– Aids in protection
– Keeps in moisture
– Makes new skin (repair)
– Regulates body temp.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Skin: Large organ that covers body.
– Aids in protection
– Keeps in moisture
– Makes new skin (repair)
– Regulates body temp.
– Excretes waste
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which from the list below is not one of the
functions of skin?
A.) Aids in protection
B.) Keeps in moisture
C.) Ingests Urea
D.) Regulates body temp.
E.) Excretes waste
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which from the list below is not one of the
functions of skin?
A.) Aids in protection
B.) Keeps in moisture
C.) Ingests Urea
D.) Regulates body temp.
E.) Excretes waste
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which from the list below is not one of the
functions of skin?
A.) Aids in protection
B.) Keeps in moisture
C.) Excretes Urea
D.) Regulates body temp.
E.) Excretes waste
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which from the list below is not one of the
functions of skin?
A.) Releases Nutrients
B.) Keeps in moisture
C.) Reproduces Skin
D.) Regulates body temp.
E.) Excretes waste
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which from the list below is not one of the
functions of skin?
A.) Releases Nutrients
B.) Keeps in moisture
C.) Reproduces Skin
D.) Regulates body temp.
E.) Excretes waste
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which from the list below is not one of the
functions of skin?
A.) Aids in Protection
B.) Keeps in moisture
C.) Reproduces Skin
D.) Regulates body temp.
E.) Excretes waste
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Sweat Gland
Epidermis
Hair Follicle
Sweat Pore
Dermis
Match the letters to the correct term on
the next slide using your deductive
reasoning skills.
• The Human Body Systems and Health Topic
Units includes.
– A 13 Part 8,500 Slide PowerPoint roadmap.
– 40 page bundled homework package, modified version,
answer keys, homework rubric. All chronologically
follows slideshow.
– 56 Pages of unit notes that follow slideshow.
– 7 PowerPoint Review Games (1,400 Slides) with
answers and game sheet.
– 30 Worksheets that follow slideshow for classwork
– Crossword puzzles, games, rubrics, curriculum guide,
and much more.
– http://www.sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Syst
ems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html
• More Units Available at…
Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics
Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The
Rivers and Water Quality Unit, The Water Molecule Unit.
Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms
and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and
Science Skills Unit.
Life Science: The Infectious Diseases Unit, The Cellular Biology Unit,
The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The
Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology:
Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural
Selection Unit, and The Human Body Systems and Health Topics Unit
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Human Body Unit
Part
IX/XIII
Human Body Unit
Part
IX/XIII