An intro about wimax
and gps
INTRODUCTION
• WiMAX, the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
Access, is a telecommunications technology that
provides wireless data in a variety of ways, from pointto-point links to full mobile cellular type access. It is
based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which is also called
Wireless MAN.
• The name "WiMAX" was created by the WiMAX Forum,
which was formed in June 2001 to promote
conformance and interoperability of the standard. The
forum describes WiMAX as "a standards-based
technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless
broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL"
(and also to High Speed Packet Access).
• Currently, Pakistan has the largest fully functional
Wimax network in the world.
GPS
GPS stands for Global Positioning System
and it allows users to determine their
location on land, sea, and in the air around
the Earth. It does this using satellites and
receivers. There are currently 24 satellites
in orbit operated by the US Department of
Defense that provide worldwide coverage
24 hours a day, 7 days a week, in all
weather.
Global Positioning System
(GPS)
• The Global Positioning System (GPS) is the
only fully functional Global Navigation
Satellite System (GNSS). The GPS uses a
constellation of between 24 and 32 Medium
Earth Orbit satellites that transmit precise
microwave signals, that enable GPS receivers
to determine their location, speed, direction,
and time. GPS was developed by the United
States Department of Defense. Its official
name is NAVSTAR-
Method of operation
• A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully
timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS
satellites high above the Earth. Each satellite
continually transmits messages containing the
time the message was sent, a precise orbit for the
satellite sending the message (the ephemeris),
and the general system health and rough orbits of
all GPS satellites (the almanac).
• These signals travel at the speed of light through
outer space, and slightly slower through the
atmosphere. The receiver uses the arrival time of
each message to measure the distance to each
satellite, from which it determines the position of
the receiver using geometry and trigonometry
Gps receiver
Gps receiver used in ship
receiver
Finding the path
conclusion
• A GPS tracking unit is a device that uses the Global
Positioning System to determine the precise location of
a vehicle, person, or other asset to which it is attached
and to record the position of the asset at regular
intervals. The recorded location data can be stored
within the tracking unit, or it may be transmitted to a
central location data base, or internet-connected
computer, using a cellular (GPRS), radio, or satellite
modem embedded in the unit.
• This allows the asset's location to be displayed against
a map backdrop either in real-time or when analyzing
the track later, using customized software. Such
systems are not new; amateur radio operators have
been operating their free GPS-based nationwide real
time Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS)