THE GREAT WAR
ZISK
US HISTORY
Pre-War
Presidents’ Foreign
Policies
T.R.’s
“Speak
softly
but
carry a
big
stick”
Taft’s
“dollar diplomacy”
Wilson’s
“watchful waiting”
Sec.
of
State,Wm.
J. Bryan
antiimperialist
Jones Act
1916
Policing the Hemisphere
Haiti 1914
 Dominican Rep. 1916
 Virgin Islands 1916
Mexico 1916

Mexican Civil War
War Lords and Generals
Gen.
Huerta
Gen. Carranza
Pancho Villa
Zapata
ABC
Powers
Black Jack
Pershing
Europe
and War
War to end all Wars
June,
1914
Sarajevo, Bosnia
Archduke Franz
Ferdinand and lovely
Sophie
Causes
Militarism
Imperialism
Nationalism
Alliances
Central Powers
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman
Bulgaria
Empire
Allies
France
Great
Britain &
colonies
Russia
United
States
Italy
Japan
Neutral
Trade
Blockade
vs. “law” of
the seas. Feb. 1915+
U-boats
Lusitania
sinks on
May 7,1915
Bryan quits
Sussex
March ‘16
Pledge
1916 election
Dem.Woodrow
Wilson “He kept us out
of war.”
Rep. Charles E
Hughes TR’s
National
Defense Act
Jan.1917 “peace without victory”
unlimited submarine
warfare Gm. response
Arms merchant ships
“a war to end all wars”
isolationism/pacifism
Zimmerman
telegram
freedom of the seas
ends March 1917
Russian
Revolution
Moral cause “Keeping
the world safe for
Democracy”
April 2, 1917 a “just”
war, a crusade against..
Schlieffen Plan
TheWestern Front
Trench Warfare
Eastern Front
Lesser Fronts
By January 1918 ...
Selective
Service Act
24 mill. reg.
2.8 mill.
drafted
2 mill. go
Total War
War
Industries
Board
National War
Labor Board
Food Administration Agency
Herbert Hoover Wheatless/
meatless days
“Food will
win the war”
“When in
doubt, eat
potatoes”
Dissent ...
Pacifists
vs. TR
Am. Legion vs. ACLU
Committee on Public Info
Espionage Act 6/17
Sedition Act led to
Schenck v U.S.
Wilson’s 14 Points
Open
Diplomacy
Freedom of the Seas
Removal of tariffs
Reduction of Arms
Temp.
international
control of colonies
Liberation of lands
ruled by empires …
Russia, A-H, Gmy,
Ottoman Turks
Wilson’s
must …
Creation of a
“general association
of nations”
OK so it’s only 7 pts
according to Mrs. Z
3 years of stalemate
Brest-Litovsk
one
front … spring
‘18
doughboys ready
Expeditiary Force
Generals
John
J. Pershing
Marshall
Ferdinand
Foch (Fr.)
Allied
Commander
“To make
war is to
attack”
Germany’s
General
Erich
Ludendorf
Surrender
Kaiser
Wilhelm
Oct. 9 abdicates
Weimar Republic
11/11/18 “all quiet”
The Big Four
Palace
of Versailles
Losers not invited
Different agendas
No “peace without
victors”
Woodrow Wilson
14
Points, esp.
“general assoc.
of nations
Freedom of the
Seas
Monroe Doc.
David Lloyd George
Great
Britain
Keep in
place
colonial
empire
Wanted
Clemenceau
Germany
crushed for
all time.
14 Points
bored
him…Even
God had only
ten!
Victorrio Orlando
“Italia
Irredentia”
 Goes home
angry!
The Others...
Japan/Asian
hegemony
Ho Chi Minh wanted
Vietnam’s freedom
Communism scares
Treaty of Versailles
German
Govt.
blamed for war.
Germany loses
Alsace-Lorraine
Germany
must pay
reparations “blank
check”
Germany disarmed
Mandate system
Czech.,
Poland,
Finland, Estonia,
Latvia, Lithuania,
and Yugoslavia
formed from
Empires
Wilson
will
compromise on all
his points to get the
League of Nations
Gmy and Russia not
members.
League weaknesses
could
only recommend
not enforce
guaranteed new
boundaries but native
people had no say ...
could
not solve economic
problems
excluded two major
countries
U.S. rejects the treaty
Why?
party
vs. party
Wilson vs. Congress
Henry Cabot Lodge’s
“reservations” attached to
“Americanize” it.
The “reservations”
safeguard
Monroe
Doctrine and
Constitution
Article X withdrawn
1920 Election
Wilson’s
“solemn
referendum”
Rep. Warren G. Harding
vs. Dem. James Cox (and
Debs runs from jail.)