Biology 11
Name: _______________ Block: ____
Phylum Arthropoda
Pre-lab: please complete prior to starting the lab. Print extra diagrams off from the portal page.
A. ARTHROPODS
1. List the major characteristics of arthropods (at least 3):
2. Name 3 arthropod appendages and describe the specialized functions that each performs.
3. List the stages in an insect life cycle with:
a. Incomplete metamorphosis:
b. Complete metamorphosis:
4. Considering the complete metamorphosis of a butterfly life cycle as an example, what is the
adaptive advantage of:
a. The different feeding patterns of larvae and adult?
b. The pupa stage?
Lab Day:
B. CRAYFISH DISSECTION
1. Make an external examination of a crayfish, identifying all external features.
2. Dissect the crayfish using the lab outline as a guide. Identify all the structures indicated by the
dissection guide and answer the questions below as you go.
3. Write the term or # that matches the phrase:
a. Join to form a paddle for swimming
_______________________________
b. Name of body divisions
_______________________________
c. Names of excretory organs
_______________________________
d. Number of legs
_______________________________
e. Name of pinching legs
_______________________________
f.
_______________________________
Name of appendages on abdomen
g. Shell-like covering of cephalothorax
_______________________________
h. Number of appendages per body segment
_______________________________
i.
_______________________________
Name of eye type
4. a. What protects the delicate gills from injury?
b. To what are the gills in the outer row attached?
c. What purpose does this attachment serve?
5. What are the yellowish organs that fill most of the cephalothorax?
C. GRASSHOPPER DISSECTION
1. Make an external examination of a grasshopper, identifying all external features.
2. Write the term that matches the phrase
a. Names of body divisions______________________________________________
b. Number of legs
______________________________________________
c. Excretory organs are called___________________________________________
d. Respiratory system is called___________________________________________
e. Function of spiracles
______________________________________________
f.
______________________________________________
Types of eyes
g. Hearing organs are called______________________________________________
Follow-up Questions: Please answer on a separate sheet of paper and attach to your lab.
1. Explain why arthropods are generally quite small.
2. Describe the arthropod skeleton and including what it is made of. Also provide the 3
functions that it serves.
3. Name and describe briefly the process by which an animal with an exoskeleton grows. Provide
all of the steps.
4. Respiratory pigments in blood function to facilitate the transport of oxygen to an animal’s
cells. Insects do not contain these pigments; how is it possible that they can survive?