Essentials of Sociology
Sixth Edition
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Chapter Fourteen: Population
and Urbanization
Population and Urbanization
Chapter Overview
 A Planet
with No
 The Development of
Space to Enjoy Life? Cities—Urbanization
 Population
Growth
 City
Life: Alienation
and Community
 Urban
Problems and
Social Policy
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Population and Urbanization
Population in Global
Perspective
Space for Enjoying Life?
New Malthusians
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 The
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 No
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.1 - How Fast is the World’s Population Growing?. Page 374
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.2 - World Population Growth Over 2000 Years. Page 375
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Population and Urbanization
Population in Global
Perspective
Space for Enjoying Life?
New Malthusians
 The Anti-Malthusians
 Who
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is Correct?
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 The
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 No
6
Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.3 - The Demographic Transition. Page 376
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Population and Urbanization
Population in Global
Perspective

Why Are People Starving?

Now More Food Per Person
Produced

Starvation Occurs in
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
Droughts

Wars
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Particular Places
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.4 - How Much Food Does the World Produce Per Person? Page 377
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Population and Urbanization
Population Growth
 Why
Do Least Industrialized Nations
Have So Many Children?
Status
of Parenthood
Community
Reliance
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Support
on Children in Old Age
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.5 - World Population Growth, 1750-2150. Page 378
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.6 - Why the Poor Need Children. Page 379
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Population and Urbanization
Population Growth
of Different Growth Rates
Population
Pyramids
Population
Momentum
Standards
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of Living
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 Implications
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.7 - Three Population Pyramids. Page 381
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Population and Urbanization
Population Growth
 Demographic Variables
Fertility
Migration
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Mortality
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Population and Urbanization
Population Growth

Problems in Forecasting Population Growth
 Basic
Demographic Equation
 Growth

Rate=Births - Deaths + Net Migration
Countries that Industrialize have Birth Rate
Declines

Zero Population Growth
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.9 - Looking Toward the Future: Population Projections of the U.S. Page 385
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Population and Urbanization
Urbanization
 The
Development of Cities
 The
Process of Urbanization
Megalopolises
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Metropolises
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.9 - How Many Millions of People Live in the World’s Largest Megacities? Page 390
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Population and Urbanization
Urbanization
 U.S.
Urban Patterns

From Country to City

From City to City

Between Cities

Within the City

From City to Country Suburbanization
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.10 - How Urban Is Your State? Page 381
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Population and Urbanization
Models of Urban Growth
 The
Concentric Zone Model
 The
Sector Model
 The
Multiple-Nuclei Model
 The
Peripheral Model
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Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.11 - How Cities Develop: Models of Urban Growth. Page 393
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Population and Urbanization
Models of Urban Growth

Critique of the Models

They are Time Bound

They Do Not Account for Urban Planning

Fall Short with Cities in Least
Industrialized Nations
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Population and Urbanization
City Life
 Community
 Alienation
- A Sense of Not Belonging
Lives in the City?
The
Cosmopolites
The
Singles
The
Ethnic Villagers
The
Deprived
The
Trapped
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 Who
- A Feeling that We Belong
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Population and Urbanization
City Life

Urban Sentiment: Finding a Familiar World

City Divided into Little Worlds

People Create Intimacy by Personalizing
Shopping

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Spectator Sports Provide Venue
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Population and Urbanization
City Life
 Norm
of Noninvolvement
 Diffusion
 The
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of Responsibility
Rural Rebound
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Population and Urbanization
Urban Problems
and Social Policy

Suburbanization

Movement of People from Cities to Suburbs
Located Outside Cities

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City Centers Lose in Transition
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Population and Urbanization
Urban Problems
and Social Policy
 City
Versus Suburb
 Suburban
Flight
 Disinvestment
 Potential
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and Deindustrialization
Urban Revitalization
29
Population and Urbanization
Figure 14.12 - Urban Growth
and Urban Flight. Page 400
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Population and Urbanization
Urban Problems
and Social Policy
Urban Revitalization

Urban Renewal

Enterprise Zones

Building Community
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
Scale

Livability

Social Justice
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 Potential
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Population and Urbanization
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