Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance
The Hundred Years’ War
I. The Particulars
II. Causes for the War
a. Political
b. Economic
c. Manipulation of Public Opinion
III. The Course of the War
a. Early Stages
b. English Advances
c. Joan of Arc
d. Final Stages
IV. Costs and Consequences of the War
Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance
Crisis in the Catholic Church
I. Background
II. Babylonian Captivity
III. Great Schism
IV. Early Critics of the Church
a. Marsiglio of Padua
b. John Wycliffe
c. Jan Hus
V. Response of the Church
a. Conciliar Movement
b. Councils
c. Consequences of the “Crisis”
Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance
The Renaissance – The Main Ideas
I. Background
II. Contrast with the Middle Ages
a. Religion
b. Literature
c. Painting
d. Marriage and Family
III. The Printing Press
III. Humanism
a. Characteristics
b. Key Humanists
i. Petrarch
ii. Boccaccio
iii. Leonardo Bruni
iv. Lorenzo Valla
v. Pico della Mirandola
vi. Baldassare Castiglione
Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance
Politics of Renaissance Italy
I. Rise of Italian city-states
a. economic growth
b. city-state politics
c. Major city-states and figures
i. Florence
ii. Milan
iii. Rome (the Papal States)
iv. Venice
v. Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
II. Decline of the Italian city-states
a. French invasions
b. Florence
c. League of Venice
d. Sack of Rome
Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance
Renaissance Art and Culture
I. Patronage
a. Florence
b. Rome
II. New Artistic Techniques
a. painting
i. perspective
ii. chiaroscuro
iii. individual characteristics
iv. Sfumato
b. sculpture
c. architecture
III. Artists of Florence
a. Giotto
b. Filippo Brunelleschi
c. Leon Battista Alberti
d. Lorenzo Ghiberti
e. Donatello
f. Masaccio
g. Sandro Botticelli
i. contrappasto
IV. High Renaissance
a. Characteristics
b. Bramante
c. Leonardo da Vinci
d. Raphael Santi
e. Michelangelo Buonarroti
V. Venice
a. Characteristics
b. Titian
VI. Mannerism
a. Characteristics
b. El Greco
Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance
The Northern Renaissance
I. Christian Humanism
II. Northern Renaissance Writers
a. Erasmus (1466-1536)
i. In Praise of Folly
b. Thomas More (1478-1536)
i. Utopia
c. Jacques Lefevre d’Etables (1454-1536)
d. Francesco Ximenes de Cisneros (1436-1517)
e. Francois Rabelais (1494-1553)
f. Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592)
i. skepticism
g. William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
III. Northern Renaissance Art
a. Flemish style
i. Characteristics
ii. Jan Van Eyck (1339-1441)
iii. Bosch (1450-1516)
iv. Peter Brueghel the Elder (1520-1569)
b. Germany
i. Albrecht Durer (1471-1528)
ii. Hans Holbein the Younger (1497-1543)
iii. Fuggers
Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance
New Monarchs
I. Background and Characteristics
II. Opposition to New Monarchs
III. France
a. Valois Line of Kings
i. Louis XI “Spider King” (r. 1461-1483)
ii. Francis I (r. 1515-1547)
x. Condordat of Bologna (1516)
xx. taille
IV. England
a. War of the Roses
b. Henry VII (r. 1489-1509)
V. Spain
a. Ferdinand and Isabella
b. Spanish Inquisition
i. conversos
VI. The Hapsburg Empire (Holy Roman Empire
a. Characteristics
b. Maximilian I (r. 1493-1519)
c. Charles V (r. 1519-1556)