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Human Physiology Unit 5B:
Metabolism
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University
Paige Stieneke
BIOL 256
Dr. Karri Haen
April 26, 2013
Metabolism
1. Define metabolism:
2. (Catabolism, anabolism) is the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones, while (catabolism,
anabolism) is the breakdown or hydrolysis of complex molecules into simpler ones.
3. __________ is also known as the “Fed” state and is the time during and shortly after nutrient intake
4. _________________ or “Fasting” is the time when the GI tract is mostly empty
5. What is the metabolic process where food is broken down to yield energy?
6. True or False: All tissues use glucose to synthesize ATP
Absorptive State
1. During the absorptive state, (catabolism, anabolism) occurs to (build, break) molecules.
2. Amino acids are converted into ____________
3. Glycerol and fatty acids are converted into ________________
4. Glucose is stored as ______________
5. Excess amino acids are _______________ and are either used for energy or stored in the _______
Tissue or Organ
Muscle
Liver
Fat
Amino Acids
Glucose
6. What hormone controls the absorptive state?
7. Identify what stimulates this hormone’s secretion:
a. Increased blood _________
b. Elevated blood ____________levels
c. Gastrin, CCK and secretin
8. What does this hormone enhance?
9. What is the disease where glucose becomes unavailable for most body cells?
10. Identify the two causes of diabetes:
a. Inadequate ___________ production
b. ____________ insulin receptors
Postabsorptive State
1. During the postabsorptive state, (catabolism, anabolism) occurs to (build, break) molecules.
2. Proteins are broken down into _________________
3. Triglycerides are converted into ______________ and ___________
4. Glycogen is converted into ___________
Supplemental Instruction
1060 Hixson-Lied Student Success Center  294-6624  www.si.iastate.edu
5. In the muscle, protein is broken down into _______________, and ____________ is converted into
ATP and pyruvic acid.
6. In the liver, amino acids, pyruvic acid, glycogen and fat are all converted into __________. Fat is
also converted into ________________ to make ATP
7. What hormone controls the postabsorptive state?
8. What does that hormone enhance?
a.
b. __________________ in adipose tissue
c. __________ sparing
Calorie Yields
For each gram of food consumed, you get:
a. Proteins:
b. Lipids:
c. Carbohydrates:
Regulation of Food Intake
Hormone
Location
Neuropeptide Y
Cholecystekinin
Ghrelin
Leptin
Function
Metabolic Rate
1. Metabolic rate is the rate of ________________ equal to the total heat produced by all chemical
reactions and mechanical work in the body.
2. __________________________ is the energy that the body needs to perform its functions at rest
3. __________________________ is the total rate of kilocalorie consumption fueling all ongoing
activities
Supplemental Instruction
1060 Hixson-Lied Student Success Center  294-6624  www.si.iastate.edu