Chapter 24
Italy & Spain 1600-1700
Baroque
The style began around 1600 in Rome, Italy, and spread to most of Europe
The Baroque is often thought of as a period of
artistic style that used
exaggerated motion and clear, easily
interpreted detail to produce drama,
tension, exuberance, and grandeur
in sculpture, painting, architecture,
literature, dance, theater, and music.
Italy
82. Il Gesu, including the Triumph of the Name Jesus ceiling fresco. Rome, Italy. Giacomo
da Vignola, plan (architect); Giacomo della Porta, façade (architect); Giovanni Battista
Gaulli, ceiling fresco (artist). Church: 16th century CE; façade: 1568-1584 CE; fresco and
stucco figures: 1676-1679 CE Brick, marble, fresco, and stucco. (3 images).
Giovanni Battista Gaulli
Triumph in the Name of Jesus
Ceiling fresco
Borromini, San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, 1667
88. San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane. Rome, Italy. Francesco Borromini (architect)
1638-1646 CE Stone and stucco (3 images)
Borromini, San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, dome, 1641
Aerial view, St. Peter’s, Piazza designed by Bernini, 1667
Bernini, Baldaccino, St. Peter’s, 1633
Bernini, David, 1623
89. Ecstasy of Saint Teresa. Cornaro Chapel. Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria. Rome,
Italy. Gian Lorenzo Bernini. c.1647-1652 CE Marble (sculpture), stucco and gilt bronze
(chapel). (3 images).
Caravaggio
Tenebrism
Naturalized religious imagery
Makes viewers active participants
Chiaroscuro
Dramatic & theatrical
Caravaggio, Conversion of St. Paul, 1601
85. Calling of St. Matthew. Caravaggio. c.1597-1601 CE oil on canvas
Caravaggio, Entombment, 1603
Gentileschi, Judith Slaying Holofernes, 1620
Caravaggio, Judith Slaying Holofernes
SPAIN
90. Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei. Master of Calamarca (La Paz
School). c.17th century CE Oil on canvas.
Velazquez
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Major patron king Philip IV (Hapsburg)
Wanted prestige, thought of himself as royalty
Caravaggio an influence
“Las Meninas” most renown of his works
Genre painting
A Spaniard
Velazquez, King Philip IV of Spain, 1644
91. Las Meninas. Diego Velazquez. c.1656 CE Oil on Canvas