Medieval Europe
Prelude to the Modern Era
Ancient World
5000 B.C. – 500 A. D.
Medieval World
500 A.D. – 1500 A. D.
Modern World
1500 A.D. – Present
The Middle Ages
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Feudal Society
Collapse of the Roman Empire
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Outside invasions
Fragmentation of Europe
Feudal Society
Disasters of the 14th century
The Black Death
 The Hundred Year’s War
 Crisis in The Church
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Know how to read centuries!!!
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1301-1400 = 14th century
1401-1500 = 15th century
1501-1600 =16th century
1601-1700 = 17th century
1701-1800 = 18th century
1801-1900 = 19th century
1901-2000 = 20th century
2001-2100 = 21st century
The Black Death

“…pestilential disease…The
prominent signs of this
disease, signs indicating
early death, were tumorous
outgrowths at the root of
thighs and arms and
simultaneously bleeding
ulcerations.”
–Nicephorus Gregoras
The Black Death

Causes
Traveled via rats/fleas from
the east to trading ports in
Italy
 European population
susceptible to disease as a
result of famine and poverty

The Black Death

Reactions & Effects
 Flagellants
 Pogroms
against Jews
The Black Death

Reactions & Effects
 Flagellants
 Pogroms
 Attitudes
toward life
The Black Death

Reactions & Effects
 Flagellants
 Pogroms
 Attitudes
toward life
 New opportunities for survivors
 Labor
shortages=higher wages and more rights for
peasants
The Hundred Year’s War
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1337-1453
Causes
 Dispute
over land
holdings and
claim to the
throne between
English and
French king
The Hundred Year’s War
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1337-1453
Causes
 Dispute
over land holdings and claim to the
throne between English and French king

Results
 England
loses holdings
 Stimulates national sentiment
Crisis in The Church

Babylonian Captivity
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Conflict between Philip IV
and Pope Boniface VIII
1305 Clement V in Avignon
The Great Schism
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1377 Gregory XI returns to
Rome
Election of two popes
(Urban VI in Rome &
Clement VII in Avignon)
Monarchs take sides
No reforms
Crisis in the Church
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The Conciliar Movement
Church should be ruled by everyone
 Council at Pisa
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Council of Constance
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Three popes
Unites church under one pope (Martin V)
Heresies

John Wycliffe and the Lollards
All these events undermine the authority of The
Church set the stage for the Reformation