Passage Two CARGO
DAMAGE AND LOSS
Review what we have leant last period
Interpret the words and phrases
理货作业
理货单
分组理货法
恶劣天气状况
舱口天蓬
易碎件
归因于，属于 冷凝水空气循环 空气环流
机械通风
预防措施
横摇
纵摇
排水系统
隔票
遭遇
直接理货法
日报单
Vocabulary:
encounter : meet with unexpectedly
The vessel encountered a heavy storm during the voyage to South
Africa.
1.An action for indemnity against a third person may ______ after the
expiration of the year if brought within the time allowed by the law of
the court seized of the case．
 A．be carried out
 B．encountered
 C．be met with
 D．be bringing
2.The winds you would expect to encounter in the North Atlantic
between latitudes 5° and 30° are known as the ______．
 A．Doldrums
 B．Westerlies
 C．Trades
 D．Easterlies
transit : pass through
1.Vessels transiting the canal must have their
accommodation ladders and cargo booms
______．
 A．removed
 B．rigged in
 C．readjusted
 D．Tested
2.Get the searchlight ______ for transiting the
canal at night.
 A. turned off B. already C. almost D. ready
contamination: the act of contaminating or
polluting; including (either intentionally or
accidentally) unwanted substances or factors
contamination of the river by industrial waste
1.Damage to cargo caused by fumes or vapors
from liquids，gases，or solids is known as
______．
 A．Contamination
 B．Oxidation
 C．Tainting
 D．Vaporization
shifting : the act of moving from one place to another
 Cargo handlers should take the following
precautions with the exception of ______ to avoid
damage from shifting．
 A．Keep the loads as close to the rail or deck as
possible
 B．If cargo is likely to settle，make provisions to
secure it after it has settled
 C．Thoroughly secure and shore all cargo so that it
cannot move
 D．hen stowing cargo，avoid leaving empty paces
chafing : chafe, vb. to make or become sore or worn by
rubbing
1.Chafing gear is used to ______．
 A．anchor the boat
 B．pick up heavy loads
 C．protect fiber rope from abrasion
 D．strengthen mooring lines
2. One advantage of chain over wire rope for a tow bridle is
that chain ______．
 A．is better suited for inland towing
 B．resists damage from chafing
 C．handles more easily
 D．equalizes towing forces bette
Insufficient: not sufficient; inadequate or deficient
a person insufficient to the discharge of his duties
一个不能执行自己任务的人
What could be a result of insufficient lubrication
of lifeboat winches and davits ________．
 A．Moisture accumulation in winch motor
damaging the electrical wiring
 B．Freezing of gears in cold weather
 C．Corroding of sheaves on the davits so they
will not rotate
 D．All of the above
friction: effort expended in rubbing one object
against another
Oil can reduce friction.
What type of stern tube bearing has the least
friction ________．
 A．Oil-lubricated bearings
 B．Lignum vitae
 C．Hard rubber
 D．Bronze bushings
reinforcement :a device designed to provide
additional strength or an act performed to
strengthen approved behavior
the reinforcement member of the car
Reinforcements were sent to the battle front
 The section of each end of a barge which is heavily
reinforced to take the pressure of pushing is called
the ______．
 A．Headlog
 B．Towhead
 C．Collision bulkhead
 D．Bullnose
segregate : to set or be set apart from others or
from the main group
They segregated the boys from the girls
The doctor segregated the child sick with
scarlet fever.
1.The necessity of the segregation of cargoes
is determined by ______.
 A. experience from practice
 B. various types of cargoes
 C. different types of ships
 D. personal abilities
Projection 投影法; 投影, (地图)投影制图法
The only cylindrical chart projection widely
used for navigation is the ______．
 A．Lambert conformal
 B．Mercator
 C．Azimuthal
 D．Gnomonic
corrode 腐蚀; 侵蚀
corrosion corrosive cargo
Additional question: what cargoes can be
defined as dangerous cargo?
 ______ are used for anchor gear in marine
work where the chains must withstand the
corrosive effects of seawater．
 A．Chains
 B．Wires
 C．Ropes
 D．Lines
drainage :the process or a method of draining
The drainage of the city is not good, some of
the pipes are broken.
 Limber is a term associated with ______．
 A．Emergency gear
 B．Drainage
 C．Deck cargo storage
 D．Securing gear
precautions :an action taken to avoid a dangerous or
undesirable event
Take precautions against fire!
1.The master should ______ necessary precautions to
prevent accidents or damage．
 A．Do B．Take C．Set D．Have
2.What precaution should be taken when treating burns
caused by contact with dry lime ________．
 A．Water should be applied in a fine spray
 B．The burned area should be immersed in water
 C．The entire burn area should be covered with
ointment
 D．Before washing，the lime should be brushed away
gently



Passage Two CARGO DAMAGE AND LOSS
Cargo handlers must know how to prevent cargo
damage and what measures to take if they
What may cause
the
encounter cargo already damaged.
Damage
may
cargo damage?
occur in transit, in handling, or from chafing,
crushing, contamination, moisture, or shifting.
a. Damage in Transit. Frequently, cargo is
damaged in transit before it arrives at the piers.
Cargo handlers should inspect the cargo carefully as
it arrives. If personnel have any doubt about a
package being damaged internally, they should
注释
annotate documents
accordingly, place the package
to one side if possible, and advise their supervisor.


(1) If during loading operations cargo
handlers find packages with insufficient 磨损破损
packing, or packages that show signs of wear
and tear or attempted pilferage, they should
处置
return them to the warehouse for disposition.
The condition of such cargo almost always
worsens during the voyage. It not only arrives
at the destination damaged, but it may have
damaged adjacent cargo.
(2) Cargo handlers should never repackage
security cargo until the security officer has
made an investigation and has given
在保安员没有做调查并给予容许之前，货物作业
permission.
人员不得对涉及保安的货物重新包装。


b. Damage in Handling. Damage in handling is
caused chiefly by exposure to inclement weather
conditions, carelessness, and the use of improper
gear.
(1) To protect cargo from weather, personnel
should
舱口天蓬
cover hatch openings with hatch tents. The tents will
also provide protection
forand
thecanvas
crewareworking in the
Tarpaulin
the basic
materials
for remaining cargo
hatch. Tarpaulins used
to cover
the
cargo separation and
in the square of the hatch
do much to reduce
protection
damage. However, it is useless for personnel to
protect the hatch and the cargo if they allow cargo to
remain in the open on the pier after being
discharged from the vessel.



(2) Unsuitable or badly adjusted slings may
dislocate or break packages and damage
their contents. Cargo handlers should take
the following precautions when using slings:
轻质易碎
1）Avoid crushing light or fragile articles in
net slings and avoid banging drafts of cargo
against the hatch coaming. Few commodities
can be handled in net slings without being
crushed.
2) Avoid building drafts too high. Even though
the fragile boxes are placed on top, they may
fall when the sling is removed on the pier or
in the hold.



3) Ensure that slings are securely fastened
around the load. Slings
placed haphazardly
滑脱或断裂
may slip and part, allowing the entire draft to
fall to the deck, to the pier, or into the water.
4) Avoid careless winch operations,
especially when handling fragile cargo.
Careless handling of a load may damage the
cargo in the sling, the sling itself, or the cargo
already stowed.
5) Exercise care when using hooks, crowbars,
and similar tools. The shipper’s marks on
boxes, such as THIS SIDE UP and FRAGILE,
must be observed.
c. Damage from Chafing. Chafing is the wear
of cargo caused by friction from rubbing
against other objects. Chafing usually results
支撑
from improper chocking, blocking, and
bracing of cargo. On a vessel, cargo damage
results if the motion of the vessel causes the
pieces of cargo to rub against each other or
against projections in the hold. Chafing
damage is also caused by dragging cargo
over rough spots or over other cargo. Chafing
is dangerous if flammable cargo is carried in
metal containers, particularly if heat is
produced through friction.



d. Damage from Crushing. Crushed cases
吊货粗心大意，不当垫舱，
and containers usually are the
result of
把重货放在易碎货物上面
carelessness in slinging, improper
dunnaging,
所产生的压力通常是造成
or pressure brought about by箱子、容器被压碎的原因。
stowing heavy
cargo on top of fragile cargo.
(1) Proper stowage, shoring, and chocking
help reduce damage to cargo from crushing.
(2) Studies of packaging have resulted in the
reinforcement and general improvement
is resulted from of
packages. Most damage is attributed to
handling and stowing rather than to the
construction of the containers.
大多数货损是由装卸和积载造成的，而不
是容器本身的构造问题。
e. Damage from Contamination. In planning
the loading of a ship, personnel should give
careful consideration to segregating cargo to
avoid contamination damage. Many
foodstuffs are contaminated by being put too
close to substances such as paint or rubber.
Since odors left in the hold of a vessel can
contaminate future cargo, the hold must be
clean and free from odors before loading.


f. Damage by Moisture. Damage caused by
moisture is called sweat damage. Condensed
moisture may corrode metal and mildew textiles, for
example. This type of damage ruins more cargo
than any other type. Cargo handlers can reduce or
eliminate sweat damage by: (1) Properly preparing
cargo for shipment. (2) Properly using dunnage to
Pay attention to this
provide drainage and air circulation.
(3) Using
word structure.
mechanical ventilation or dehumidifying systems.
A frequent cause of wet cargo is an improperly
closed hatch that allows sea water to enter to hold.
At times it may be necessary to discharge wet cargo.
In this case, responsible personnel should make
special provisions for drainage and drying.
g. Damage from Shifting. There is always
danger that cargo may shift if empty spaces
are not shored
off adequately. Violent rolling
剧烈的横摇或者纵摇使一些货物脱
or pitching离整体堆装，在货舱中自由移动。
can cause a few pieces of cargo
to break out of stowage and move about
freely in the hold. These pieces, in turn, bang
against and dislocate other cargo. Serious
damage to the cargo and the ship can result.
Cargo handlers should take the following
precautions to avoid damage from shifting: (1)
When stowing cargo, avoid leaving empty
spaces. (2)Thoroughly secure and shore all
cargo so that it cannot move.
1. All the forces due to buoyancy are considered to act
through ________.
A. center of buoyancy
B. center of gravity
C. center of floatation
D. center of effort
2. All the forces due to gravity are considered to act through
________.
A. center of buoyancy
B. center of gravity
C. center of floatation
D. center of effort
3. Dunnage would be used for ________.
A. heavy cargo
B. container cargo
C. bulk cargo
D. light cargo
4. Dunnage may be used to protect a cargo from
loss or damage by ______.
A.ship's sweat
B.B. inherent vice
C.C. tainting
D.D. hygroscopic absorption
5. Which of the following is not a principle type of cargo
pump drives that can be used on tankers?
A. hydraulic
B. electric
C. wind force
D. Steam
6. Only ships with a capacity of at least ________ 20-foot
containers are considered partial containerships.
A. twenty
B. thirty
C. forty
D. fifty
7. Which of the following is not a probability to make
pilferage a source of cargo loss?
A. cargo’s nature
B. cargo’s poor package
C. cargo’s mark
D. poor security of discharge port
8. When it is indicated that more than one piece of cargo
was shipped under the same TCN and each piece of cargo
has its own label, __________ is used.
A. package method
B. unit method
C. block method
D. straight method
9. When general cargo with different amounts in
each draft is involved, the checker should use
________.
A. package method
B. unit method
C. block method
D. straight method
10. Which of the following is not a factor that
cause cargo damage?
A. contamination
B. chafing
C. shoring
D. shifting
11. According to the passage, which of the
following factor ruins more cargo than any other
type?
A. damage by contamination
B. damage by moisture
C. damage in transit
D. damage in handling
12. The necessity of the segregation of cargoes is
determined by ______.
A.experience from practice
B. various types of cargoes
C. different types of ships
D. personal abilities
13. The most variable factor in the control of broken
stowage is ______.
A. the use of excessive amounts of dunnage
B. the use of excessive amounts of filler cargo
C. the failure to stow some items in neat and uniform rows
and tiers
D. the skill，industry and interest of the longshoremen
14. If a void occurs in the cargo hold，it is better to ______
to control the broken stowage．
A. fill it with small pieces
B. cover it with large pieces
C. brace it with dunnage
D. leave it as it is
15. It's ______ to stow optional cargo in the lower
hold．You’d better give it block stowage in the
tweendecks, then it can be easily discharged either at
Shanghai，or Dalian or Tianjin．
A. possible
B. impossible
C. proper
D. improper
16. Generally speaking，the heavier cargo will go into the
______，distributing it evenly fore and aft，the lighter
cargo will probably be placed in the ______.
A. deep tanks／lower holds
B. lower holds／tweendecks
C. tweendecks／deep tanks
D. deep tanks／tweendecks
17. ________ is not usually used in liquid cargo
systems.
A. Hydraulic drive systems
B. Electric drive systems
C. Steam drive systems
D. Man-powered drive systems
18. Stress on the topping lift of a swinging boom
can be reduced by ________.
A. rigging a back stay
B. increasing the mechanical advantage of the
cargo purchase
C. raising the boom
D. taking all slack out of the preventer
19. Which statements is true concerning the
gooseneck ________.
A. It is a sailing maneuver which brings the
vessel’s head through the wind
B. It connects the boom to the mast and allows
the boom to swing freely
C. It is a sailing condition where there is an air
flow over the sails
D. None of the above
20. Bulk cargo refers to ______.
A. homogeneous cargo not enclosed in a container
B. cargo which requires refrigeration
C. cargo which is very dense
D. cargo which occupies a large volume of space
1.空高
2.亏舱
3. 载重量
4. 安全工作负荷
5. 积载因素
6. 浮吊
7. 浮心
8. 重心
9. 立方容积
10. 杂货船
Air draught
Broken stowage
deadweight
Safe working load
Stowage factor
Floating derrick
center of buoyancy
Center of gravity
Cubic capacity
General cargo ship
11. 理货作业
12. 理货单
13. 在 …… 旁边
14. 恶劣天气状况
15. 舱口天蓬
16. 易碎件
17. 归因于，属于
18. 凝水
19. 空气循环，空气
环流
20. 机械通风
Tally work
Tally sheet
Be adjacent to
Inclement weather
conditions
Hatch tent
Fragile article
Be attributed to
Condensed moisture
Air circulation
Mechanical ventilation
1. Each entry onto the plan would detail the quantity,
the weight and the port of discharge. It will
effectively show special loads such as heavy lifts,
hazardous cargoes and valuable cargo, in addition
to all other commodities being shipped.
2.Containerization is a general term that describes
the transportation of goods in specially designed
containers so that loose products, small packages,
high value items, and high density cargoes are
unitized for easier handling.
3. At ports where tallying is known to be of poor
quality, and if large quantities of cargo are
involved, it is recommended that the crew
perform an additional tally of the cargo as it is
discharged from the vessel.
4. However, incorrect manner of count may lead to
discrepancy between figures reflecting quantity
of pieces loaded into each particular hold
specified in Daily Reports and Final Cargo Plan.
5. However, it is useless for personnel to protect
the hatch and the cargo if they allow cargo to
remain in the open on the pier after being
discharged from the vessel.
6. On a vessel, cargo damage results if
the motion of the vessel causes the
pieces of cargo to rub against each
other or against projections in the hold.
7. Chafing is dangerous if flammable
cargo is carried in metal containers,
particularly if heat is produced through
friction.
Exercises from the test bank
Cargo operations
______ is not usually used in liquid cargo systems．
A．Hydraulic drive systems
B．Electric drive systems
C．Steam drive systems
D．Man-powered drive systems
All the damage and shortage，______ those incurred after
discharge and before delivery to receivers，should be noted
in the discharging report．
A．Including
B．Besides
C．Except
D．In addition to
All the holds to be loaded with grain must be swept
______ commencement of loading．
A．Cleanly/during
B．Clear/meanwhile
C．Clean/between
D．Clean/prior to
Backstays are ______．
A．Running rigging leading aft from the masts
B．Running rigging leading forward from the masts
C．Standing rigging leading aft from the masts
D．Standing rigging from the cross trees to the
mast head
Cargo handlers should take the following precautions with
the exception of ______ to avoid damage from shifting．
A．Keep the loads as close to the rail or deck as possible
B．If cargo is likely to settle，make provisions to secure it
after it has settled
C．Thoroughly secure and shore all cargo so that it cannot
move
D．when stowing cargo，avoid leaving empty paces
Damage by ______ shall not be considered as handling
damage．
A．exposure to inclement weather conditions
B．carelessness
C．the use of improper gear
D．moisture caused by condensation
Dunnage may be used to protect a cargo from loss
or damage by ______．
A．Ship's sweat
B．Inherent vice
C．Tainting
D．Hygroscopic absorption
For any given pedestal crane，when the boom is
lengthened，the lifting capacity is ______．
A．unchanged
B．increased
C．eliminated
D．decreased
How should you signal the crane operator to hoist ________．
A．With forearm vertical and forefinger pointing up，move hand in
small horizontal circles
B．With arm extended downwards and forefinger pointing down，move
hand in small horizontal circles
C．Extend arm with fingers closed and thumb pointing upward
D．Place both fists in front of body with the thumbs pointing upward
How should you signal the crane operator to lower the boom and raise
the load ________．
A．Extend arm and point finger in the direction to move the boom
B．Extend arm with thumb pointing downward and flex fingers in and
out
C．With forearm vertical and forefinger pointing up，move hand in
small horizontal circles
D．With arm extended downwards and forefinger pointing down，move
hand in small horizontal circles
How should you signal the crane operator to move slowly ________．
A．Use one hand to give any motion signal，and place the other
hand motionless in front of the hand giving the motion signal
B．Extend arm with the thumb pointing up，and flex the fingers in
and out for as long as the load movement is desired
C．First tap your elbow with one hand and then proceed to use
regular signals
D．First tap the top of your head with your fist and then proceed to
use regular signals
If an attempt is made to hoist a load that exceeds the capacity of an
electric winch，an overload safety device causes a circuit breaker to
cut off the current to the winch motor ______．
A．when the line pull reaches the rated winch capacity
B．after the line pull exceeds the rated winch capacity
C．after a short build-up of torque
D．immediately
Most pedestal crane power is provided by ______．
A．Electro-hydraulic units
B．Steam units
C．Independent internal combustion power units
D．All of the above
Official draft measurements should be ______ by authorized persons，
agreed by both parties involved．
A．executed
B．located
C．fixed
D．Measured
On no account ______ to be exceeded．
A．is the SWL of the crane
B．are the SWL of the crane
C．the SWL of the crane is
D．the SWL of the crane are
Stop ______ the derrick at once，the gooseneck is
bent．
A．To use
B．To operate
C．Maneuvering
D．Using
The boom indicator on a crane will indicate the
______．
A．Length of the boom
B．Angle of the boom
C．Lifting capacity of the boom
D．Direction of the boom
To ______ sanitary water from any vessel，an
application shall be made to Harbor Authorities for
approval．
A．discharge
B．recircle
C．load
D．take in
We'll put off ______ until Friday．
A．to discharge
B．discharge
C．discharging
D．to be discharging
We've changed our ______ not to start loading this
evening．
A．heart
B．hearts
C．mind
D．Minds
What is meant by the term“luffing the boom”of a
crane ________．
A．Stopping the boom
B．Topping or lowering the boom
C．Moving the boom left or right
D．All of the above
What is/are the advantage（s）of cranes over conventional
cargo booms ________．
A．Cranes are able to pick up and drop loads over a
greater spotting area
吊
B．Increased
safety because the deck is clear of running
and
臂 standing rigging
C．Simplicity of operation of the crane by its operator
升 of the above
D．All
降
Which action（s）are included in crane operations
________．
吊钩升降
吊臂旋转
A．Pre-operation
of the anchor windlass
B．Preparing steam on deck
C．Luff，slew，and hoist operations
D．All of the above
Which part of a conventional cargo gear rig provides for
vertical control and positioning of a boom ________．
A．Cargo whip
B．Gooseneck fitting
C．Spider band
D．Topping lift
Which part provides for transverse control and positioning
of a boom in a conventional yard and stay system
________．
A．Guy
双杆联吊系统
B．Shroud
C．Spider
D．Topping lift
Which statement（s）is/are TRUE concerning crane
cargo operations ________．
A．Do not exceed rated load capacity of crane and
container spreader or
slings
B．During any cargo handling operation，the safety of
personnel is paramount
C．Cargo handlers must be outfitted with adequate
protection from personal injury
D．All the above
理货与计量作业
______ will be paid by shipowners after tallyman doing the tally work．
A．Cargo-handling expenses
B．Tally money
C．Cargo-tallying dues
D．Tally fees
A shore is a piece of securing dunnage that ______．
A．Runs from a low supporting level up to the cargo at an angle
B．Is also known as a distance piece
C．Is placed on the deck under the cargo to distribute its weight evenly
D．Is run horizontally from a support to the cargo
Can you tell me something about the tallying methods at your port
________．
A．Certain
B．Be certain
C．Sure
D．Be sure
During loading or discharging，the tallymen must make
contact with ______ on duty so as to solve problems in
time．
A．Ship owner
B．Ship’s officers
C．Shippers
D．Consignors
Foreman，the ship ______，please get the stevedores to fill
the port wings with heavier packages．
A．Lists to starboard
B．Is shifting to starboard
C．Is inclined to starboard
D．Is listing to starboard





In the case of any actual or apprehended loss
or damage the carrier and receiver must
______ all reasonable facilities to each other
for inspecting and tallying the goods．
A．Make
B．Take
C．Have
D．Give
Inflammable cargo ______ in the holds adjacent to the engine
room．
A．Shall never be stowed
B．May be stowed
C．Can be stowed
D．Should be stowed
Making cargo plan for appropriate distribution of the cargo on
board is ______ duty．
A．A ship's officer's
B．A Tallyman's
C．A port planner's
D．A foreman's
May I have a copy of the cargo plan .Certainly，
here ______．
A．is it
B．are you
C．they are
D．you are
Please ______ a cleaning gang to sweep out the
hold．
A．Arrange for
B．To arrange
C．To arrange
D．Arrange to
Stress on the topping lift of a swinging boom can be
reduced by ______．
A．Rigging a back stay
B．Raising the boom
C．Increasing the mechanical advantage of the cargo
purchase
D．Taking all slack out of the preventer
The ______ provides a rapid means of tallying when items
of the same commodity are being loaded or unloaded in
uniform drafts consisting of an equal number of pieces．
A．unit method
B．block method
C．straight method
D．package method
The man directing and supervising the work of
stevedores is the ______．
A．Local agent
B．Watchman
C．Docker
D．Foreman
The mass of a loaded floating cargo ship equals
______．
A．GT+NT
B．DWT
C．the mass of the steels used
D．ship + bunkers + stores + consumables +
cargo
The ship is now too much listing to portside．I suggest that you ______
light cargo on portside and heavy cargo on starboard side．
A．Will put
B．Would put
C．Put
D．Shall put
The stevedores have already stowed the porcelain ware ______ up to
the deckhead．
A．loosely
B．closely
C．heavily
D．Strongly
The terminal stuff tallies the cargo mainly before the ship's ______．
A．Loading
B．Leaving
C．Arriving
D．Sailing
There is another thing I want to let you know．The lighting
in the hold is very poor，even ______ dark to work the
cargo．
A．If
B．Very
C．Too
D．Very much
Therefore you are requested to arrange ______ for the
above mentioned amount of additional cargo to be loaded
on board．
A．In due course
B．On time
C．In time
D．Swiftly
Vessels transiting the canal must have their
accommodation ladders and cargo booms
______．
A．removed
B．rigged in
C．readjusted
D．Tested
We'll adopt the mechanical tallying method
______．
A．soon or late
B．soon or later
C．sooner or late
D．sooner or later
Which statement is TRUE concerning
the gooseneck ________．
A．It is a sailing maneuver which brings
the vessel's head through the wind
B．It connects the boom to the mast
and allows the boom to swing freely
C．It is a sailing condition where there
is a loss of air flow over the sails
D．None of the above
______ are two vertical supports，usually steel，
one each side of the centerline of the ship used to
support booms．
A．Shrouds
B．King posts
C．Stays
D．Turnbuckles
______ provide athwartship support for the mast
or king posts．
A．Shrouds
B．King posts
C．Stays
D．Turnbuckles
A cargo boom is a ______．
A．double sized mattress consists of more than 890 coils．
B．spar extending from a mast or a king post
C．flap（Becker rudder）can be fitted to the rudder’s trailing
edge
D．bridle arrangement having a long beam of the length of
the container
撇缆头结
A monkey fist is found on a ______．
A．Heaving line
B．Lead line
C．Manrope
D．Mooring line
A natural fiber rope can be ruined by dampness because it may
______．
A．rot
B．shrink
C．stretch
D．Unlay
A pelican hook ______．
A．Can be released while under strain
B．Is used for boat falls
C．Is used for extra heavy loads
D．Is used for light loads only
A rope ladder with wooden rungs is a ______．
A．drop ladder
B．life ladder
C．Jacob's ladder
D．jury ladder
On an anchor windlass，the wheel over which the
anchor chain passes is called a ______．
A．Brake compressor wheel
B．Devil's claw
C．Wildcat
D．Winchhead
The head block is located ______．
A．At the base of the boom
B．At the head of the boom
C．At the head of the mast
D．On top of the jack staff
The tackle that raises and lowers the boom is ______．
A．the cargo fall
B．The cargo hoisting wire rope
C．the topping lift
D．the cargo whip
The use of ______ between bags may lead to chafe and
tearing of the bags．
A．strips of burlap
B．heavy paper
C．dunnage boards
D．strips of rope yarn
You should keep clear of
______．
A．Any line under a strain
B．Lines that are paying out
C．Lines that are coiled
down only
D．None of the above are
correct
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Summary of this chapter
Homework:
1. Review what we have learned today.
2. Keep the new words and phrases in mind.
3. Preview next part of the text.