What are Stakeholders
in a problem/solution project?
Phil 101, November 16,
2009
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Let’s start with an example
Let’s start with an example
• In Graton
Let’s start with an example
• In Graton
• In Graton, for many years, recent
immigrants would stand on Main Street
waiting to be hired as day-laborers.
Let’s start with an example
• In Graton, for many years, recent
immigrants would stand on Main Street
waiting to be hired as day-laborers.
• A day-laborer is an unskilled worker who is
paid by the day and earns variable wages
depending on what he can negotiate with a
boss
• In the past these workers came from
Germany, or Poland, or China.
• In the past these workers came from
Germany, or Poland, or China.
• Nowadays they originate from Mexico,
most recently from the State of Oaxaca.
• In the past these workers came from
Germany, or Poland, or China.
• Nowadays they originate from Mexico ,
most recently from the State of Oaxaca.
• They are only men, most of them young, in
their late teens and twenties.
• In the past these workers came from
Germany, or Poland, or China.
• Nowadays they originate from Mexico ,
most recently from the State of Oaxaca.
• They are only men, most of them young, in
their late teens and twenties.
• They do not speak English, often stand in
groups from the same village or region.
• In the past these workers came from
Germany, or Poland, or China.
• Nowadays they originate from Mexico ,
most recently from the State of Oaxaca.
• They are only men, most of them young, in
their late teens and twenties.
• They do not speak English, often stand in
groups from the same village or region.
• And speak their local dialect together.
• Some sleep in their car
• Some sleep in their car
• Some sleep in their car
• Others rent an apartment together in Santa
Rosa and sleep five in a room
• Some sleep in their car
• Others rent an apartment together in Santa
Rosa and sleep five in a room
• Some sleep in their car
• Others rent an apartment together in Santa
Rosa and sleep five in a room
• Others sleep in makeshift tents near the
Atascadero Creek in the underbrush
• Some sleep in their car
• Others rent an apartment together in Santa
Rosa and sleep five in a room
• Others sleep in makeshift tents near the
Atascadero Creek in the underbrush
• And use the creek to wash themselves and
their clothes
• The demographics of Graton have changed
dramatically in the last decade.
• The demographics of Graton have changed
dramatically in the last decade.
• Housing cost has risen.
• The demographics of Graton have changed
dramatically in the last decade.
• Housing cost has risen.
• Downtown development, converting abandoned
storefronts and bars, previously serving Mexican
migrants, into restaurants, an emporium, a
bookstore, and a wine tasting room.
• The demographics of Graton have changed
dramatically in the last decade.
• Housing cost has risen.
• Downtown development, converting abandoned
storefronts and bars, previously serving Mexican
migrants, into restaurants, an emporium, a
bookstore, and a wine tasting room.
• The congregation of the laborers downtown is
increasingly uncomfortable to the growing
business community as well to the newer residents
of the area.
• Concerns about image, personal safety, and/or
intimidation, as well as the traffic hazard posed by
laborers being hired off the street.
• Concerns about image, personal safety, and/or
intimidation, as well as the traffic hazard posed by
laborers being hired off the street.
• Access to clean water for drinking and washing,
adequate nutrition, toilet facilities, and secure
storage for personal possessions are seriously
limited.
• Concerns about image, personal safety, and/or
intimidation, as well as the traffic hazard posed by
laborers being hired off the street.
• Access to clean water for drinking and washing,
adequate nutrition, toilet facilities, and secure
storage for personal possessions are seriously
limited.
• Lack of bathroom and washing facilities have
compromised the water quality of the creeks and
public areas.
• Concerns about image, personal safety, and/or
intimidation, as well as the traffic hazard posed by
laborers being hired off the street.
• Access to clean water for drinking and washing,
adequate nutrition, toilet facilities, and secure
storage for personal possessions are seriously
limited.
• Lack of bathroom and washing facilities have
compromised the water quality of the creeks and
public areas.
• Communication between the English speaking
residents and business owners and laborers is
limited.
• Centro Laboral de Graton (2000) local residents,
clergy, day laborers
• Centro Laboral de Graton (2000) local residents,
clergy, day laborers
• Ongoing communication and liaison has been
created between the board and local entities.
• Centro Laboral de Graton (2000) local residents,
clergy, day laborers
• Ongoing communication and liaison has been
created between the board and local entities.
• Saturday morning breakfast of pan dulce and
coffee
• Centro Laboral de Graton (2000) local residents,
clergy, day laborers
• Ongoing communication and liaison has been
created between the board and local entities.
• Saturday morning breakfast of pan dulce and
coffee
• Creek clean-ups
• Centro Laboral de Graton (2000) local residents,
clergy, day laborers
• Ongoing communication and liaison has been
created between the board and local entities.
• Saturday morning breakfast of pan dulce and
coffee
• Creek clean-ups
• Distribution of backpacks with work and daily life
supplies
• Centro Laboral de Graton (2000) local residents,
clergy, day laborers
• Ongoing communication and liaison has been
created between the board and local entities.
• Saturday morning breakfast of pan dulce and
coffee
• Creek clean-ups
• Distribution of backpacks with work and daily life
supplies
• Community meetings
• Local poll shows people want nonsolicitation ordinance
• Local poll shows people want nonsolicitation ordinance
• Ordinance forbidding seeking and
offering work in downtown Graton
• Local poll shows people want nonsolicitation ordinance
• Ordinance forbidding seeking and
offering work in downtown Graton
• Fire in underbrush near the Creek
• Fighting between laborers from different
villages
Community leaders plan
to convene a meeting of
representatives of all the
groups involved!!
• Who should be invited?
• Who should be invited?
• Who are the “stakeholders”?
• A stakeholder in a problem is any individual
(a person or an animal), organization (a
group of people or a species of animals),
institution (of people or an ecosystem), who
is affected by the problem, or can affect
other stakeholders or be affected by the
actions of other stakeholder.
• A stakeholder in a problem is someone who
has a stake in the problem or in the actions
of other stakeholders.
• A stakeholder in a problem is someone who has
a stake in the problem or in the actions of other
stakeholders.
• A stake means: interest, ownership,
involvement.
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
• Day-laborers
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
• Day-laborers
• Downtown business
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
• Day-laborers
• Downtown business
• Centro Laboral de
Graton
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
• Day-laborers
• Downtown business
• Centro Laboral de
Graton
• Environmentalists
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
• Day-laborers
• Downtown business
• Centro Laboral de Graton
• Environmentalists
• Downtown residents
• Peripheral residents
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
• Day-laborers
• Local Government
• Downtown business
• School district
• Centro Laboral de Graton
• Environmentalists
• Downtown residents
• Peripheral residents
• Landowners
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
• Day-laborers
• Local Government
• Downtown business
• School district
• Centro Laboral de Graton
• Graton Community Club
• Environmentalists
• Downtown residents
• Peripheral residents
• Landowners
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
• Day-laborers
• Local Government
• Downtown business
• School district
• Centro Laboral de Graton
• Graton Community Club
• Environmentalists
• (Wider Community)
• Downtown residents
• Peripheral residents
• Landowners
Who were the stakeholders in Graton’s Downtown
crowding problem?
• Day-laborers
• Local Government
• Downtown business
• School district
• Centro Laboral de Graton
• Graton Community Club
• Environmentalists
• (Wider Community)
• Downtown residents
• (People who hire daylaborers)
• Peripheral residents
• Landowners
How were issues decided?
By “consensus”
A group reaches consensus when
• all members agree upon a single alternative
A group reaches consensus when
• all members agree upon a single alternative
• each group member can honestly say
(a) I believe that you understand my point of view and that I
understand yours
A group reaches consensus when
• all members agree upon a single alternative
• each group member can honestly say
(a) I believe that you understand my point of view and that I
understand yours
(b) Whether or not I prefer this decision, I support it because:
it was reached fairly and openly, and it is the best solution
for us at this time.
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
• Listen: Pay attention to
others.
"Active listening intentionally focuses on who you are
listening to, whether in a group or one-on-one, in order to
understand what he or she is saying. As the listener, you
should then be able to repeat back in your own words
what they have said to their satisfaction. This does not
mean you agree with, but rather understand, what they are
saying.”
http://www.studygs.net/listening.htm
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
• Listen: Pay attention to
others.
• Encourage
participation.
How to draw out a shy person
http://www.essortment.com/lifestyle/shypersonhowt_shad
.htm
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
• Listen: Pay attention to
others.
• Encourage
participation.
• Share information.
Sharing information to establish
trust
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
• Listen: Pay attention to
others.
• Encourage participation
• Share information.
• Don't agree too quickly.
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
• Listen: Pay attention to
others.
• Encourage participation
• Share information.
• Don't agree too quickly.
• Don't vote.
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
• Listen: Pay attention to
others.
• Encourage participation
• Share information.
• Don't agree too quickly.
• Don't vote.
• Treat differences as a
strength.
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
• Listen: Pay attention to
• Treat differences as a
others.
strength.
• Encourage
• Create a solution that
participation.
can be supported
• Share information.
• Don't agree too quickly.
• Don't vote.
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
• Listen: Pay attention to
• Treat differences as a
others.
strength.
• Encourage
• Create a solution that
participation.
can be supported
• Share information.
• Avoid arguing blindly
• Don't agree too quickly.
for your own views.
• Don't vote.
Guidelines on Reaching Consensus
• Listen: Pay attention to
• Treat differences as a
others.
strength.
• Encourage participation • Create a solution that
• Share information.
can be supported
• Don't agree too quickly. • Avoid arguing blindly
• Don't vote.
for your own views.
• Seek a win-win
solution
• Win-win outcomes occur when each side
of a dispute feels they have gained. Since
both sides benefit from such a scenario,
any resolutions to the conflict are likely to
be accepted voluntarily. The process of
consensus aims to achieve, through
cooperation, win-win outcomes.
• Win-win outcomes occur when each side
of a dispute feels they have gained. Since
both sides benefit from such a scenario,
any resolutions to the conflict are likely to
be accepted voluntarily. The process of
consensus aims to achieve, through
cooperation, win-win outcomes.
• A sale is a win-win outcome, since both
sides in the sale win something.
We decided what information we needed …
defined basic concepts …
who would be on the REPRESENTATIVE
STAKEHOLDER TEAM (RST),
and agreed to some ground rules …
important was also what we decided to abstain from
For a copy of the complete agreement go to
BUILDING CONSENSUS AROUND DAY LABOR
ISSUES AGREEMENTS
GRATON OUTRAGE
Published on September 7, 2007© 2007- The Press Democrat
BYLINE: †††KEVIN MCDONALD, Novato PAGE: B6COLUMN: LET THE
PUBLIC SPEAK
EDITOR: I try not feel outraged when I read news articles. It's not good
for my blood pressure. However, there is no other sensible reaction to the
public opening of a day labor center in Graton which will cater mainly
to illegal immigrants.Studies have shown that approximately 84 percent
of day laborers are illegal aliens. They are breaking the law, and anyone
who hires them is breaking the law. Will the organizers of the hiring hall
be checking the immigration status of the laborers? If not, they are
complicit in daily violations of federal immigration codes.I hope the
federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement does frequent sweeps of
the hiring hall, and I'm sure I'm not alone. The majority of Americans are
fed up with illegal immigration. We are tired of its negative effects on
wages, hospitals, schools and public safety. Yet here are contractors (who
benefit from the cheap labor) openly flaunting the law.Why does the
government tolerate it? Why do we tolerate it?
KEVIN MCDONALD Novato
Thanks to:
http://www.capsonoma.org/centro_laboral_de_graton.htm
http://www.foggy.net/~huuf/consensus.html
http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/treatment/cons
enpr.htm