Bell Ringer: What does it mean to lose touch with reality?
Dissociative Disorders
• Disorders in which the sense of self has become _____________________________________________________________
Dissociative Amnesia
• A dissociative disorder characterized by ___________________________________________________________________
• Example: soldiers in combat/victims of child abuse
Dissociative Fugue
• A dissociative disorder characterized by ___________________________________________________________________
• The person may develop a new identity and ______________________________.
• Last two hours-years
• Cause= extreme ___________________________
Dissociative Identity Disorder
• Rare and controversial dissociative disorder in which an individual ____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
• Formerly called multiple personalities
• Personalities can be different ______________, sex, and self-perception of __________________________________
• Psychologists debate _____________________________________________
• Clinicians may suggest by asking, “Have you ever felt another part of you is in control?”
Schizophrenia Disorders
Schizophrenia
• Group of severe disorders characterized by _____________________________________________, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate ____________________________________________________________
• Occurs in about _____________ of the population
• Develops late ____________________________________ or early childhood
Schizophrenia Disorders: Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Delusions
• ______________________________ that are symptoms of schizophrenia and other serious psychological disorders
Delusions of Grandeur
• False beliefs that a ___________________________________________________________________________________
• Patients may believe they are a __________________________ person (e.g. Napoleon)
Delusions of Persecution
• False beliefs that ____________________________________________________________________________________
• Believe they are being ___________________________, the phone is wiretapped, etc.
Delusions of Sin or Guilt
• False beliefs that the person is _______________________________________________ (plane crash=not brushing teeth)
Delusions of Influence
• False beliefs of ______________________________________________________________________________________
Hallucinations
• ____________________________________ that are symptoms of schizophrenia or other serious psychological disorders
• Types of hallucinations: o ________________ (feeling skin sensations) o ____________________ (hearing voices) o Visual (____________________________)
• Can also have distorted __________________ and________________
Inappropriate Emotions/Behaviors
• Flat affect – __________________________________________________
• Word salad – ____________________________________________________
• _____________________________________ – the person’s arms and legs will remain in place after being moved there
Schizophrenia Disorders: Types of Schizophrenia
Paranoid Schizophrenia
• Characterized by delusions, especially ______________________. Auditory and other hallucinations support the delusions.

Catatonic Schizophrenia
• Characterized by variations ____________________________________________
• Catatonic excitement – _________________________________ with delusions and hallucinations
• _______________________________ – little or no activity, __________________________, or speech (waxy flexibility)
Disorganized Schizophrenia
• Characterized by _______________________________, delusions, and __________________________________.
• Very __________________________________________ and _____________________________________(word salad)
Undifferentiated Schizophrenia
• Symptoms that don’t clearly fit into one of the other types of schizophrenia but ___________________________________
Schizophrenia Disorders: Causes
Biological Factors - Genetics
• Schizophrenia tends to _______________________________________.
• Genetics appears to produce a __________________________________ (increased likelihood) to develop schizophrenia.
Biological Factors – Brain Structure
• Brain structure of those with schizophrenia is _____________________________________________________________
• Those with schizophrenia have _________________________________________________ and larger fluid filled spaces.
• The _________________________________________________________ in those with schizophrenia.
Biological Factors – Brain Function
• The brain of those with schizophrenia __________________________________________________________________.
• The ____________________________________________________.
• Those with schizophrenia have a larger number of receptor sites for the neurotransmitter dopamine.
Biological Factors – Prenatal Viruses
• A _____________________________________________ during the middle of pregnancy may increase schizophrenia risk.
Psychological Factors
• Two main areas: o _____________________ o _________________________
Personality Disorders
Personality Disorders
• Psychological disorders characterized by ___________________________________________ that disrupt social functioning
• Divided into three clusters: o Related to ___________________________ o With odd and __________________________ o With dramatic or ________________________
______________________________________
Personality Disorders Related to Anxiety
Avoidant Personality Disorder
• _____________________________________________________________________________________
Dependent Personality Disorder
• Behave in ____________________________________ and displays a _____________________ to have others take care of them
Personality Disorders with Odd or Eccentric Behaviors
Paranoid Personality Disorder
• Shows deep ______________________________________________________, which gets in the way of personal relationships
Schizoid Personality Disorder
• Is ____________________________________________________________________
• Are true hermits, preferring _________________________ and ____________________________________________ at all costs
Personality Disorders with Dramatic or Impulsive Behaviors
Borderline Personality Disorder
• Exhibit _______________________________________________, self-image, behavior, and ______________________________
Antisocial Personality Disorder
• Personality disorder in which the person shows a ________________________________________________________________
• Shows ____________________________________________________ others
• Usually _____________________________
• Also known as psychopathic or sociopathic personality disorder
• ____________________, _________________________and no regards for victims.
• ______________________________, psychological, and ____________________________________.
• __________________________________ and most often end in jail