NAME __________________________________________________ DATE _________________________
Chapter 11: Motion – Study Guide
1.
Describe what is happening in this picture. Use two
vocabulary words – frame of reference and motion – in your
response.
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2. Explain the difference between displacement and distance.
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3. If I start at the main office, walk to room 141, and back to the main office, what would my
displacement be? ____________________
4. List the SI unit for speed (how is it measured?) _____________________
5. What is the equation for calculating speed? ______________________
Complete the following practice problems.
6. Polar bears are extremely good swimmers and can travel as long as 10 hours without resting. If a
polar bear is swimming at an average speed of 2.6 m/s, how far will it have traveled after 10.0
hours? (Don’t forget to switch seconds to hours!)
7. Various types of tree sloths share the honor of being the slowest-moving mammals. An average
tree sloth moves at a speed of 0.743 m/s. How long does it take a sloth moving at this speed to
travel 22.30 m?
8. The cheetah, the fastest of land animals, can run 274 m in 8.65 s at its top speed. What is the
cheetah’s top speed?
9. The distance traveled by an object divided by the time it takes to travel that distance is called
_______________________
10. The difference between speed and velocity is that velocity includes ________________________
11. A pitcher throws a baseball to home plate, a distance of 60.5 ft. The ball reaches home plate in
0.63 s. What is the velocity of the ball?
a. 38 ft/s
c.
96 ft/s
b. 38 ft/s toward home plate d.
96 ft/s toward home plate
12. Displacement must always indicate:
a. velocity.
c.
b. direction.
d.
speed.
time.
13. Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity divided by _____________________________.
14. The force of gravity, the electromagnetic force, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear
force are examples of _______________________.
15. The combination of all forces acting on an object is the _______________________.
16. When the net force on an object is greater than _______________________, the object will
accelerate in the direction of the greater force.
17. When centripetal acceleration occurs, an object ___________________________________.
18. Peter runs in a constant direction on a straight road. The velocity vs. time graph of Peter’s
motion shows a straight line with a negative slope. What does the line tell you about Peter’s
speed?
a. It is increasing.
c.
It is decreasing, then increasing.
b. It is decreasing.
d.
It is constant.
19. What is the formula for calculating acceleration: ________________________
20. What is the unit for acceleration? __________________
Complete the following practice problems.
21. A bicyclist accelerates at 0.89 m/s2 during a 5.0 s interval. What is the change in the speed of the
bicyclist and the bicycle?
22. A fighter jet lands on the flight deck of an aircraft carrier that has a length of 300.0 m. The jet
must reduce its speed from about 153 km/h to exactly 0 km/h in 2.0 s. What is the jet’s
acceleration?
23. Moving from 0 m/s to 25 m/s in 8.0 s equals an average acceleration of –
24.
What happens when a car slows down and velocity changes?
a. positive acceleration
c.
negative acceleration
b. resultant acceleration
d.
constant acceleration
25. Net force is ______________________________________________________________________
26. A game of tug-of-war is an example of
a. rolling friction.
c.
streamlining.
b. air resistance.
d.
unbalanced forces.
27. List and define each type of friction:
28. The friction between the bristles of your toothbrush and the surfaces of your teeth is an example
of
a. rolling friction.
c.
helpful friction.
b. static friction.
d.
All of the above
29. When an object covers equal distances in equal amounts of time, it is moving at a(n)
_______________________ speed.
30. The friction between a book at rest and the desk it is lying on is an example of
_______________________ friction.
31. In the acceleration equation, the change in an object’s velocity is represented by the symbol
_______________________.
32. In your own words, explain the similarities and differences between velocity and acceleration.
33. A book is sitting still on your desk. Are the forces acting on the book balanced or unbalanced?
Discuss what is happening at each point in the graph.
34. Which graph represents an object moving with a constant positive velocity? __________
35. Which graph represents an object at rest? ___________
36. Which graph represents an object moving with constant positive acceleration? __________