Movement Analysis Project
Rowan University
Kinesiology (Section 2: CRN 40557)
Tuesday/Thursday 9:25-10:40
Justin Knight
Demographics
Name_Justin Knight____________________
Date of Birth_4/27/1992__________Sex_M______
Address__93 magnolia ave _________
City__Cresskill____________
Height__5___ 5__ cm__165.1_
State___NJ___ Zip_07626_
Weight ______lb.__68.18___kg
BMI__25______
Medical History
Are you physically active………………………………………………………………… Yes No
In the past five years have you :
Had surgery……………………………………………………………………………….. Yes No
Been hospitalized due to illness…………………………………………………………... Yes No
Been treated for an orthopedic injuries…………………………………………………. ...Yes No
If answered yes, please explain below. Please also note whether or not certain movements hurt your surgically repaired body part or
body part treated for injury.
___Shoulder surgery 3 years ago and was also treated in a rehab facility for that. I was hospitalized with pneumonia
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Current Medical Conditions
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Cardio Vascular Disease……………………………………………………… Yes No
Osteoporsis……………………………………………………………………. Yes No
Asthma………………………………………………………………………... Yes No
Diabetes……………………………………………………………………….. Yes No
Fainting or seizures…………………………………………………………... Yes No
Arthritis………………………………………………………………………... Yes No
Respiratory problems (emphysema, bronchitis,etc)…………………………. Yes No
Adrenal Gland problems………………………………………………………. Yes No
Do you wear contacts/glasses…………………………………………………. Yes No
Other…………………………………………………………………………… Yes No
If answered yes, please explain below ______________________________________________
_______________________i have congenital adrenal hyperplasia
__________________________________________________________________
Please List any current medications below
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Family Medical History
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
Cardio Vascular Disease……………………………………………………… Yes No
Osteoporosis …………………………………………………………………. Yes No
Asthma………………………………………………………………………... Yes No
Diabetes……………………………………………………………………….. Yes No
Fainting or seizures…………………………………………………………... Yes No
Arthritis………………………………………………………………………... Yes No
Respiratory problems (emphysema, bronchitis,etc)…………………………. Yes No
Adrenal Gland problems………………………………………………………. Yes No
Other…………………………………………………………………………… Yes No
If answered yes for any, please explain below. Please include your relationship to family member.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Is there anything that you do in your daily life (exercises, sports, jobs, etc.) where you are affected by any of the questions below? If
yes, please explain below.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Movement Goals





I would like to regain full range of motion in my surgically repaired shoulder. I have re-torn my labrum after getting the
surgery and I can not get full range of motion with flexion or internal rotation.
If standing in the anatomical position, my shoulders are not level with each other. My right shoulder is significantly lower than
my left. I would like to find out the reason for this issue and then attempt to fix it if at all possible.
When looking at my body from a posterior view, both of my scapulas wing out. This is actually a common condition and I
would like to understand the reason behind my winging and then fix it. I do believe that it has something to do with my
trapezius muscle as well as my rhomboid.
Ever since I hurt my shoulder and got surgery on it, I have fallen in love with the orthopedic field. I was an athletic training
major and did not get accepted into the program but still love to know about the human body and the reasons for pathologies
throughout the body. Since I hurt my shoulder, I would really like to learn about the shoulder and everything that comes along
with it.
A little over a year ago, I joined a crossfit gym and fell in love the day I walked into the gym. Due to the fact that I no longer
compete in any school sports, I found a lack of competition in my life and I didn’t like this at all. While at crossfit, you are
working out with a bunch of people, all achieving a common goal to be the best. Crossfit is a lot about time as well as
efficiency. I have had to stop doing crossfit for weeks at a time because my shoulder would act up and I couldn’t compete. My
goal is to have both of my shoulders at 100% in order to compete in the crossfit games this upcoming spring. I have accepted
the fact that I will not compete nationally or even regionally, but to compete with in the gym would be something I would love
to do.
Initial Summary
Ever since I signed up for Kinesiology, I was very excited to begin classes. As I noted before, ever since I was injured and had
surgery, I have fallen in love with everything that can go wrong with a body part and how to fix it. I love to see how our body works
as one. It could be as little as us putting more weight on one leg in order to compensate for an injury in the opposite leg, or just seeing
how many muscles are used to throw a ball. The body is the most interesting thing that I have ever studied and I do not want to ever
stop learning about it. Many people are interested in cars, art, music, foreign languages and even math, but I think if we didn’t know
how our body works, that we could never achieve any of those things.
Having the medical condition of congenital adrenal hyperplasia has luckily never prevented me from competing and playing
all the sports that I love. I always needed to be checked up on when I was younger, having blood tests done every three months or so,
but luckily was never told to stop pursuing my goals of becoming an athlete. Although this medical condition didn’t affect me, I was
affected my entire life with shoulder pain. I can remember when I was little, and I used to just pull my shoulder slightly out of the
socket. At the time I never really thought anything about it but I later paid the price. For as long as I could walk, I was always found
throwing something. Whether it was a football or a baseball, I was never seen without a ball in my hand. I played quarterback and
pitcher my entire life and unfortunately in high school I really started to notice my shoulder problems.
I remember going to my athletic trainer in high school and him telling me I have very loose shoulders and need to strengthen
the muscles, specifically my rotator cuff, in order to keep my shoulder stable and not allow as much movement as there was my entire
life. I started to do some rehab assignments, but like a normal high school kid, I thought I knew it all and stopped way before I was
even close to done. After I graduated high school, I was having a football catch with my brother and I heard an extremely loud
popping noise. Having played quarterback and pitcher my entire life, I knew something was wrong immediately. I went to my
orthopedist and he ordered an MRI, I was diagnosed that week with a torn labrum and needed surgery in order to fix it.
I followed all my rehab protocols and eventually regained about 70% of my strength and almost all my ROM pain free. I was
working out one day and was simply holding a five pound weight when my shoulder just gave out. I had to come home from school
one week to visit my orthopedist and he once again ordered an MRI and once again I had a torn labrum. I opted to not have the
surgery again simply because I did not want to go through all the pain that follows a surgery like that. I have once again worked my
strength up, but not my full ROM, especially with shoulder flexion and internal rotation. One of my goals is definitely to regain full
range of motion with those two movements. However, these are not the only goals that I want to reach with my shoulder.
I have always noticed that my right shoulder dips a little lower than my left shoulder, but now knowing more about the body I
want to know why. I have always just accepted it and acted like nothing was wrong, but I want to know if maybe that was one of the
reasons why my labrum tore. Maybe at some point I was compensating for an issue in my left shoulder and that lead to the tear which
eventually lead to my surgery. This isn’t the only thing that I am worried about with my shoulders though, I would really like to focus
on why my scapula on both sides, wings out. Could this be another reason as to why my labrum tore? Although kinesiology isn’t as in
depth with injuries as some other classes, I really want to learn the inner workings of a shoulder. If I were to list my goals, the highest
being the most important, I would definitely list learning the full anatomy of the shoulder as my number one. I want to be able to
further my knowledge of anatomy into why these pathologies are present in my body.
Although I may not reach those goals by the end of the semester, or possibly even the end of the year, there is one goal that
actually has a deadline. I want to try competing in this springs Crossfit competition. It is a far-fetched goal right now with how my
shoulders are, but it is definitely something I would want to meet. Having flexible and steady shoulders is a very important aspect of
crossfit due to all the stress put on them. I understand what I will need to put myself through in order to meet this goal, but for the first
time in a long time I feel extremely motivated to get this done. I stated before that I haven’t had any competition in my life in a couple
of years so it is almost as if this is my super bowl. I need to be consistent with my training and can’t give up at the first bump in the
road.
I feel as if I have set a couple of goals that I can definitely meet, and I am ready to attempt accomplishing them. Due to the fact
that I have had these issues my entire life, I understand that there is a good chance that I am not going to accomplish these goals
within one semester. This semester is exactly what I need to kick myself into gear and actually start attacking these goals. Anyone can
say that they have goals, but only the ones that actually do something about are the ones that will succeed. I will read as many articles
as I need in order to learn the shoulder, I will do as many rehab assignments as possible to get my shoulder to 100%, I will further my
education with anatomy, I will compete in the crossfit games this spring. The only thing that I won’t do is quit.
Range of Motion Assessment
Joint
Motion
Normal ROM (in
degrees)
My ROM (in
degrees)
Normal/restricted/
hypermobile
Cervical vertebra
Flexion
Extension
Rotation right
Rotation left
Lateral Flexion left
Lateral Flexion right
Abduction right arm
Abduction left arm
Abduction right arm in
prone
Abduction left arm in
prone
Flexion right arm
Flexion left arm
Internal Rotation right
arm
External Rotation right
arm
Internal Rotation left
arm
External Rotation left
arm
Extension right leg
Extension left leg
Flexion right knee
Flexion left knee
Internal Rotation right
60
75
80
80
45
45
170
170
170
60
70
75-80
75-80
45
30-35
170-175
180
145
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal/Hypermobile
Hypermobile
Restricted
Picture
referral
(below)
Fig.2
Fig.3
Fig.5
Fig.6
Fig.8
Fig.9
Fig.11
Fig.12
Fig.14
170
165-170
Normal
Fig.15
170
170
70
160-165
170-180
15-20
Normal
Normal
Restricted
Fig.17
Fig.19
Fig.21
90
90
Normal
Fig.22
70
45
Restricted
Fig.24
90
75
Restricted
Fig.25
0
0
145
145
35
0
-20
145
145
30-35
Normal
Restricted
Normal
Normal
Normal
Fig.27
Fig.28
Fig.30
Fig.31
Fig.33
Glenohumeral
Tibiofemoral
Acetabulofemoral
leg
External Rotation right
leg
Internal Rotation left
leg
External Rotation left
leg
Flexion right leg
(supine)
Flexion left leg
(supine)
Flexion right leg
(standing)
Flexion left leg
(standing)
45
45
Normal
Fig.34
35
30
Normal
Fig.35
45
45
Normal
Fig.36
110
70
Restricted
Fig.38
110
70
Restricted
Fig.39
110
90
Normal
Fig.41
110
90
Normal
Fig.42
After taking my pictures and measuring out my range of motion, I have furthered my concerns about my shoulder. After regaining my
full range of motion through physical therapy and at home exercises, I have learned that I am definitely not sticking with my rehab
program. Even though my surgery was almost three years ago, I definitely need to stick with my at home exercises in order to keep my
shoulder from losing range of motion exactly like it did. If I start doing my rehab exercises that I was given a few years back, I would
definitely improve my range of motion and hopefully get back to pain free movements.
Although it was mainly my shoulder where I saw the deficits, specifically abduction, flexion, and internal rotation, other parts
of my body were affected. Although I had normal range of motion, when I laterally flexed my neck to the left, there was a sharp pain
and painful stretching sensation in my right trapezius. I would like to be able to determine whether or not that I have pain and possibly
some loss of motion due to my shoulder pains. One thing that I have learned about the human body is that everything is connected
somehow, so I would definitely assume that this pain is due to shoulder tightness. Having these deficits could definitely lead to
injuries and possibly another surgery. I need to strengthen my shoulder properly and not try rushing anything anytime soon.
Another area where I found some deficits was in my hamstrings. Due to the tightness of my hamstrings, I had a restricted range
of motion in knee extension and flexion of both my right and left hip when measured laying supine. Hamstring tightness could
definitely lead to injuries such as pulls or strains. This would definitely affect me with my goal to be able to compete in the crossfit
games. Hamstring injuries tend to linger and that is something I can’t afford to do with such intense competition.
Fig. 1
Fig. 4
Fig. 7
Fig. 2
Fig.5
Fig. 8
Fig. 3
Fig. 6
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23
Fig. 24
Fig. 25
Fig. 26
Fig. 27
Fig. 28
Fig. 29
Fig. 30
Fig. 31
Fig. 32
Fig. 34
Fig. 33
Fig. 35
Fig. 36
Fig. 37
Fig. 38
Fig. 39
Fig. 40
Fig. 41
Fig.42
Postural Assessment
Frontal view
Eyes Aligned
Yes….. No
If no, which side higher?
Right…… Left
AC Joint Aligned
Yes….. No
If no, which side higher?
Right…… Left
ASIS Aligned
Yes….. No
If no, which side higher?
Right…… Left
Patella Height Even
Yes….. No
If no, which side higher?
Right…… Left
Patella Faces Forward
Yes….. No
If no, facing which way
Right…… Left
Genu Valgum
Yes….. No
If yes, which side?
Right…… Left….. Both
Genu Varum
Yes….. No
If yes, which side?
Right…… Left….. Both
Feet Face Forward
Yes….. No
If yes, which side?
Right…… Left….. Both
Sagittal View
Head Protruded
Yes….. No
Protracted Shoulder Girdle Yes….. No
Kyphosis
Yes….. No
Excessive Lordosis
Yes….. No
Reduced Lordosis
Yes….. No
Genu Recurvatum
Yes….. No
If yes, which side
Right…… Left….. Both
Posterior View
Winged Scapula
Yes…… No
If yes, which side
Right…… Left….. Both
Feet Evert
Yes…… No
If yes, which side
Right…… Left….. Both
Feet Invert
Yes…… No
If yes, which side
Right…… Left….. Both
Frontal View
Sagittal view
Posterior View
Sagittal view
After assessing my posture, I have learned of some issues that definitely need to be taken care of, mainly my shoulders once
again. Assessing myself in a frontal view showed that my AC Joint was not aligned, in fact my right shoulder was actually a couple of
inches lower than my left. This problem has actually occurred as long as I could remember, I was told when I was younger that my
throwing side, my right, was more developed and the muscles were actually pulling down my shoulder. After reading through the
book, there are three possible reasons for this. One, scoliosis, two would be an underactive ipsilateral lower trapezius and the third
being an over active ipsilateral levator scapula and upper trapezius (Biren, Sterner pg. 249). I have never been diagnosed with any
scoliosis so I am fairly certain that that is not the case, but the other two are definitely a possibility. In order to prevent any possible
injuries, I am definitely going to work on my underactive muscles and attempt to even everything out in my shoulder. I might not be
able to make a muscle that is overactive into one that is underactive, but I can strengthen the other muscles to keep them from
becoming even more underactive than they already are. This is something that I will definitely need to concentrate on in order to
achieve any of my goals.
An uneven acromioclavicular joint was not the only problem I ran into when assessing my posture. In a sagittal view, it was
very obvious that my shoulders were naturally protracted. We learned in class this is usually because and an overactive pectoralis
major and minor, and an underactive middle trapezius and rhomboids. If I keep allowing this to occur, I am going to end up with a lot
of back problems and even more shoulder problems than I already have. In order to attempt to fix this, I am going to need to stretch
out my pectoralis major and minor, while strengthening my rhomboids and middle trapezius. One great way to strengthen these
muscles is using a row machine.
The last thing that I noticed was when I was viewing my posture from a posterior view. I have been told this before, but I
noticed that I have a winged scapula in both arms. The main reason for this is because of underactive rhomboids and the serratus
anterior muscle. I am not very familiar with what could continue to happen if I do not take the proper time to strengthen these muscles,
but I can’t imagine it being good. After my surgery I was given a list of exercises to try to take care of this situation, but unfortunately
I did not keep myself dedicated to them after I was released from Physical Therapy. I am going to incorporate these exercises into my
weekly workouts in order to take care of this problem.
Overhead Squat Assessment
Anterior view
Knees Aligned with foot
Yes….. No
Feet Face Forward
Yes….. No
If no, which one
-which way
If no, which one
-which way
Normal Forward Flexion
Yes….. No
Excessive forward lean
Normal Lumbar Lordosis
Yes….. If no, excessive lordosis or reduced
Arms Remain in Line
Yes….. No, arms fell forward
R….. L…..Both
Valgus….. Varus
R….. L…..Both
Valgus….. Varus
Sagittal View
Right…… Left….. Both
Posterior View
Right…… Left….. Both
Feet Evert
Right……No
Left….. Both
Yes……
Heels Rise Off Floor
Yes…… No
Asymmetrical Shift
Yes…… No
If yes, which side R….. L
Frontal View
Sagittal View
Posterior View
After viewing the pictures of my overhead squat, I am fairly certain that I do not have any over or underactive muscles that
were used during this exercise. I found that my back was aligned correctly, that my knees did not go over my toes causing no balance
issues, and that my arms stayed in the same position at all times. Although I have discrepancies in my shoulder, I do not feel as if I
have any in my lower body, allowing me to perform my squat correct and efficiently.
Gait Analysis
Foot Flat
Hip Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Knee Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Ankle Position
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Hip Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Knee Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Ankle Position
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Hip Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Knee Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Mid-Stance
Heel-Off
Ankle Position
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Hip Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Knee Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Ankle Position
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Toe-Off
SWING PHASE
Initial Swing
Hip Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Knee Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
recorded
Flexion Extension
Ankle Position
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Real time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Mid-Swing
Hip Position
Knee Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Ankle Position
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Hip Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Knee Position
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Recorded
Flexion Extension
Ankle Position
Real-time
Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Real-time
Flexion Extension
Gait Events
Heel Strike
Foot Flat
Mid-Swing
Heel-off
Toe-off
Real-time
Supination Pronation
Supination Pronation
Supination Pronation
Supination Pronation
Supination Pronation
Recorded
Supination Pronation
Supination Pronation
Supination Pronation
Supination Pronation
Supination Pronation
Mid-Stance
Midswing/Foot
Flat
Mid-stance
Heel-off
Heel-strike
Toe-off
Heel-strike
Toe-off
Heel-off
Mid-swing
Midstance/foot-flat
Toe-off
Heel-off
Midstance
Foot-flat
Heel-strike
Heel-off
Toe-off
Mid-stance/footflat
After analyzing my gait, I have noticed that when I jog, I do not use my arms the way that I am definitely supposed to. As I was
walking I did not really notice anything wrong with anything that would have to be fixed. I did not catch myself over pronating or
over supinating too much as I viewed my gait from the posterior view. I would still like to be able to fix my posture that was I can
fully assess my gait. I have definitely started to notice myself watching people walk or jog and try to see any negative aspects of
peoples gait, in order to potentially help them.
Corrective Exercise Program: Upper Extremity
Stretching:
Pectoralis Minor Stretch
Due to the fact that I have a protracted shoulder girdle, this stretch helps counteract the protracted motion by stretching out the
pectoralis minor. This muscle is a commonly tight muscle with those affected by a protracted shoulder girdle. This exercise can be
done in the corner of any room, have both arms up against the wall with your body pushing forward. You will feel the stretch in the
pectoralis minor/major area.
Exercises:
Wall slides
This exercise helps to strengthen muscles in the shoulder girdle that cause retraction of the shoulder. Some of these muscles are the
middle trapezius and the rhomboids. This exercise will help to strengthen my underactive muscles (middle trapezius, rhomboids)
while inhibiting my overactive muscles such as my pectoralis major/minor. The patient should keep their shoulders against the wall
throughout the entire range of motion.
Alphabet Series: T’s, Y’s and M’s
Starting position
Set scapula
Y’s position
T’s position
M’s position
These exercises also help to strengthen muscles in the shoulder that cause retraction. Due to the fact that my main problem is having a
protracted shoulder, any exercise that promotes strengthening of the retracting muscles will benefit me greatly. It is very important for
the patient to set the scapula each time before performing the motions. The more stable that the scapula is will help the shoulder
muscles be worked to their fullest capabilities, preventing injuries down the road.This exercise should be done with no weight at first
and slowly increased. You should not exceed 5 pounds.
Field Goal:
Starting position
Set Scapula
Horizontal Abduction
External Rotation
This exercise focuses on working muscles such as the rhomboids, middle trapezius, posterior deltoid, teres minor and the
infraspinatus. While this exercise works the muscles that contribute to the retraction motion of the shoulder girdle, it also contributes
to the external rotation of the shoulder joint. The teres minor and infraspinatus are the only muscles in the shoulder that contribute to
external rotation. This will also help with my shoulder girdle being protracted because if these muscles are strengthened, they can act
as a natural resistor for my shoulders being pulled forward. This exercise should be done with no weight at first and slowly increased.
You should not exceed 5 pounds.
After having surgery on my shoulder about three years ago, all of these exercises were part of my rehabilitation program. It is not
necessary to have an injury in order to perform these exercises and I wish I knew that earlier. These exercises will help greatly in
preventing injuries and stablilizing the shoulder. These exercises are perfect for achieving my goal of stablizing my shoulder and
making it overall stronger than it has ever been.
Final Portion:
Due to the fact that none of my goals involved my lower body, I do not need any corrective exercises for my lower extremities.
Understanding that everything from the lower extremities are somehow connected to the upper body through the kinetic chain, means
that I still need to be careful with what I do.
My goals were not reached through this project, but that does not mean that I am going to stop doing what I need to in order to get to
where I want to be. I will still hopefully gain my full range of pain free motion in my shoulder, and I am still working every single day
to achieve my crossfit goals. This sport is becoming bigger and bigger every single year and I really want to expand it to other people.
I would love to teach other people about it and eventually have a club brought to rowan university. This project was something that
really opened my eyes to the way that we move and the reasons that would prevent us from achieving the correct movements.