Geometry and favorite
bonding modes (total number of bonds)
for C, N,O, halogen, H
4 3 2
N O , these elements may have
a variable number of bonds
(2) (1)
(4) (3)
1
1
valence shell electron
pair repulsion
supplemental HO 68
VSEPR = ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
Dete rmine the ang les betwee n bo nds, nam e th e ge ometry abou t th e centra l atom a nd g ive th e its hybri dizati on.
Ideal bonding angles for carbon
H
H
H
109.5
109.5
120
180
H C H
C
C
H C C H
120
120
H 120 H
109.5 H109.5
Ideal Geometries
bo nd a ngle s
ge ometric name
tetrahedral
trigonal planar
linear
O
180
C O
linear
Ideal bonding for carbon are four bonds to carbon - four bonding modes
Non-Ideal Geometries
:
:
:
bon d an gles
H
N
H
H107.5
107.5
geo metri c n ame
pyramidal or
trigonal pyramid
N
H
q<120
bent
H
:
O
H
104.5
H
geo metri c n ame
bent
O
:
:
N
N
H
:
bon d an gles
:
N
C
H
Bond angles are less than ideal angle
Electron pair occupies a lot of space &
is held close to nucleus of central atom
supplemental HO 70
Structure and Bonding
Go to the powerpoint
Rules for Drawing Lewis Dot Structures