• Please sit in your assigned seat.
• Get out your notes, charts, and
your major themes sheet
Good morning!
• First Four Chart
Four Minutes
• Round 2 Activity 3
• Label & date your paper
• Write a thesis statement
for 2.2 guiding question
• List supporting evidence
• Keep this with all of your
other First Four work.
End
• First Four
• Quiz
• Videos
• 2.2 Vocab Review
• Communist China
Today’s Agenda
Communist
China
• 1927-1949
• Nationalists v
Communists
• Nationalist leader:
Jaing Jieshi (Chaing
Kai-shek)
• Communist leader:
Mao Zedong
Civil War
• At first the nationalists
were winning
• Chased the communists
on their “Long Walk”
north to Yanan region.
• Pause in civil war 19371945 to fight Japanese
• Fighting starts again in
1945
Civil War
• America supported the
______________ side in
the war.
• However, high taxes and
government corruption
meant that many ordinary
Chinese did not.
• Most Chinese lived in the
countryside and were
poor.
• Mao promised them more
land and prosperity
Civil War
Civil War
• Communists fought a
guerilla style war against
the nationalists and began
accruing victories.
• By 1949 Mao declared the
birth of the new
communist state : The
People’s Republic of
China
• Only hold out: Taiwan;
Chaing Kai-Shek went
there.
• What OTHER major Communist victory occurred in
1949?
1949 Woes
The Red Menace
• World wide spread
of communism
• A global conspiracy
• Must commit to
containment
• Berlin, Korea, etc.
How does the US see this?
• China: world’s greatest
population
• Wanted the be regarded on par
with USA and USSR
• 1964- nuclear capabilities
A New Superpower?
• Surprisingly tense relations
between USSR & China
• Mao felt that Stalin did not
support him enough during
the revolution.
• USSR did not see China as
an equal partner in their
quest for world wide
domination, and did not
want to share global
leadership.
Sino-Soviet Split
• After Stalin:
Khrushchev
• The Chinese considered
him too friendly toward
the west.
• USSR brought home
many Soviet scientists
and engineers
• 1968-1970 China and
the USSR cam e close to
war over arguments
about territory.
• Poor terms until the
1980s.
Sino-Soviet Split
• 1958
• Once Mao was in power, he
wanted to make changes to
the Chinese economy.
• Collective farms: communes
• New factories
• This attempt to increase
output: The Great Leap
Forward
• Unsuccessful…
The Great Leap Forward
• Mao’s plan to consolidate
power and rid China of
the communist haters.
• Ensure that communist
thought was THE
ideology of China
• Red Guard: Youthful
supporters of Mao
• Terrorized people
throughout the
countryside and cities of
China
The Cultural Revolution
• Wide distribution of
Mao’s Quotations of
Chairman Mao Tse-Tung
• “Little Red Book”
• Bound in pocket sized
editions
• Anyone know who
traditional Chinese society
quoted/turned to for
advice or wisdom?
Cultural Revolution
• The west was not too keen
on the Cultural Revolution
• Remained strained
through 1950s and 1960s
• US President Nixon
wanted to build a stronger
relationship with China
• USA “recognized” the
government of China for
the first time, and Nixon
visited in 1972.
• All thanks to….
USA and China
USA and China
• RIP Mao: 1976
• Power struggle between
radical and moderate
commies
• Radicals: Gang of Four
• Included Mao’s widow
Jaing Qing
• And the winner was…..
After Mao
• The Moderates!
• Led by Deng Xiaoping
• Gang of Four blamed for
chaos of Cultural
Revolution and put in
prison
• In the 1980s, Deng
Xiaoping abandoned many
ideas of communist
economics and
encouraged….
After Mao
• Competition and free enterprise!!!
• We call this _____________________
GASP!
• Capitalist style economics are not the same as a free
society.
• There was no increase in personal freedoms in China
simply because the economy changed…
DO NOT BE CONFUSED
• Many students believed
that the increase in
economic freedom should
equate to an increase in
personal freedom…
• A “pro-democracy”
movement sprung up
especially among students
in early 1989.
• Demonstrators camped
out in Tiananmen Square,
a park in Beijing.
• Demanded free speech
and free elections.
BUT MANY WERE CONFUSED
• Eventually the students were
joined by ordinary citizens
• June 3, 1989, the army was
sent in to clear the square.
• Thousands of people were
killed
• Leaders of pro-democracy
movement arrested
• Shocked the world, and
created tension with western
trading partners
• China’s government
continues to operate with a
capitalist style economy and
no political/personal
freedom.
Tiananmen Square
Tiananmen Square
What ever happened to
Tank Man?