Humanities 8
O’Shea
World religions
Judaism
Information compiled by: Hanessa Nijjer
edited by: Hanessa Nijjer
Group members:
Jaya Shridhar
Hanessa Nijjer
Brittany Barrell
Samantha Encarnacion
Historical Background Information
History
Samantha Encarnacion
Designed by: Hanessa Nijjer
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Historical Background Information
Jewish Founding Story
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history of Judaism begins with
Abraham, who came to believe in one
Supreme Being, his son Isaac, Isaac's son
Jacob, later called Israel, and Jacob's 12
sons who founded the twelve tribes of
Israel
 God often guided the Jewish people. For
it is said that they were supposed to be his
example to the world
Historical Background Information
Important Hebrews
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Abraham: (Patriarch) God told
Abraham to leave his home
and in return he would have a
personal relationship with God,
land and lots of descendants.
These descendants later
founded Israel
Moses: God gave Moses a set
of rules known as the 10
commandments for all of the
Jewish people to follow. Moses
also parted the red sea and
led the children of Israel out of
Egypt where they were
enslaved
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King Saul, David and
Solomon built the first great
temple and became
powerful people
Joshua: Successor of Moses,
Joshua was a great warrior
from the bible. Who brought
back the Promised Land.
Historical Background Information
The Holocaust
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The founder and leader of the Nazi’s
was Hitler.
began in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came
to power in Germany and ended in
1945 when the Nazis were defeated by
the Allied powers.
It was Hitler's goal to eliminate and kill
the Jews
From the mid-1930s some children
were sterilised and were later roundedup and incarcerated. Many of those
sterilised underwent the procedure
without giving their permission.
the Nazi’s targeted the younger
generation of Jewish children to stop
the religion from existing.
The Nazi’s then put down laws against
the Jewish people.
In 1938 Jewish children were expelled
from German schools.
Where not allowed to go to public
places and activities like swimming
where prohibited
Basic Belief System
Belief System
Samantha Encarnacion
Designed by: Hanessa Nijjer
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God exists
There is only one God
God alone created the universe
God is omnipresent
God is everywhere all the time
God will always exist
God can do anything
God punishes the bad
God rewards the good
God is just, but he is also merciful
God listens to each individuals
prayers and answers them in
unexpected ways
 God is forgiving to those who mess
up
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Basic Belief System
The Ten Commandments
 The
Ten
Commandments
are ten rules
devote Jews and
Christians follow as
a way of life and to
please God.
Role Of Women
Role of Women
Hanessa Nijjer
Role of Women
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The role of women in the
Jewish religion is of high
responsibility and
importance
God has no gender; pure
being. Referring to God
with masculine idioms is
for convenience.
Women are thought to
have a greater sense of
“Binah:”intuition,
understanding,
intelligence
Women have no
obligations to marry, and
conceive children
Women are looked at as
equal to, or superior than
men.
Role of Women
Role of Women: 3
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Man and woman were
created together, then
separated into, male
and female roles.
 According to traditional
Judaism, women have a
higher degree of "binah"
(intuition, understanding,
intelligence) than men.
 Woman was "built" as
apposed to "formed“ and
the Hebrew root of "build"
was derived from the word
"binah."
Role Of Women
Role of Women: 4
 Though to have
children, a
female is
necessary,
women do not
have these
duties
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Men have obligations to
marry, and have
children, as apposed to
women having these
rules
Jewish Holidays,
Celebrations and Rituals
Jewish Holidays,
Celebrations and Rituals
Brittany Barrell
Designed by: Hanessa Nijjer
Jewish Holidays,
Celebrations and Rituals
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Tisha B’av: Is held on the ninth of Av to
remember a series of unfortunate events
all to fall on this day
Including: The destruction of the first
temple in Jerusalem in about 586 BCE
The destruction of the second temple by
the Romans
World war 1 and the beginning of the
Holocaust
Yom Hashoah is the day to remember the
Holocaust
Purim: When the Jewish people lived in
Persia they where saved by a brave
woman known as Esther
Purim is a day to remember this
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Passover: A great feast to remember
and celebrate there freedom from
when Moses led them out of Egypt
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Sukkot: Tells of the years that the Jews
spent in the dessert traveling to the
Promised Land under Gods guidance
Sukkot means hut to show how they
had to live in the desert and so many
celebrate Sukkot by building and living
in a hut for the time of this holiday
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Jewish Holidays,
Celebrations and Rituals
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Rosh Hashanah: Rosh
Hashanah is the Jewish
new year it is however not
the only Jewish new year,
Rosh Hashanah is the day
that Adam was born it is
not however the day the
beginning of the world
The first of Nisan is the
Jewish new year for the
counting of the pilgrim
festival
The first of Elvl to be the
new year for the tilting of
the animals
Tu B’Shevet is the new year
for trees
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Shavuot:
One of the Jewish harvest
festivals
7 weeks after passover
Hanukkah
The festival of lights
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The day of repentance or the day of
awe
10 day period people are given to
repent for their sins
They must however not just apologize
to God for it is not his right to forgive
them
Instead they must apologize to all
they have wronged
Many also do good deeds
During this time there was also a
ceremony known as Tashlich to cast
away their sins. In it they throw bread
into a river and say the proper prayer
Yom Kipper –the Day of Atonement
Brings the days of repentance to a
close
Sabbath:
The Jewish holy day to keep laws and
customs happens ones a week
Starts on the night fall on a Friday
night and lasts till the night fall on a
Saturday night
God commands the Jewish to
observe Sabbath and keep it holy as
the forth of the Ten Commandments
Places of Worship
Places of Worship
Brittany Barrell
designed by: Hanessa Nijjer
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Most of the Jewish prayers are done
by reading aloud from the writing
services in the Synagogue
The Synagogue is their place of
worship
Synagogue services were led by a
rabbi, a cantor or a member of the
congregation
A Minyan or quorum of ten men
where required for traditional Jewish
worship
Everyone except unmarried women
wore hats and even they took up the
tradition after they reached a certain
age during these services
Adults being men over 13 often wear
a Tallit or prayer shawl for Morning
Prayer as well
Types of Synagogues
There are a few different types of
Synagogues
In an Orthodox synagogue the
service is conducted in ancient
Hebrew, and the singing is
unaccompanied
Places of Worship
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Few British Synagogues have a
choir, but they are more common
in the USA
The most relaxed of the
Synagogue services in my opinion
comes from a progressive (formal,
Liberal) Synagogue. There the
service will be at least partly in
English and there may be a choir
and instruments, Men and
women are allowed to sit
together.
Every Synagogue will have an ark
The Ten Commandments will
usually be written somewhere
above it
The chest that held the stone
tablets of the Convent which god
gave to Moses is the inspiration
behind the arches name
An Eternal light called Ner Tamid
hangs above the ark
It is always burning to symbolize
God’s presence and is also
representative of the pillar of
flame that guided the Jewish
people on there early journey
Places of Worship
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The platform and the desk
for Torah readings are
called the Bimah and an
Orthodox Synagogue is in
the center of the building
(in a Reform Synagogue
the Bimah is usually close
to the ark
At the proper moment in
the service the Ark is
ceremonially opened and
the Torah scroll is carried
in procession to the
reading desk
During these times that
the Ark is open it is
expected for all to remain
standing
Demographics
Demographics
Jaya Shridhar
With help form: Hanessa Nijjer
Designed by: Hanessa Nijjer
Demographics
Origin of Judaism
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Judaism began in Israel until many Hebrews fled
Israel because of famine. Many Hebrews traveled to Egypt and
settled there until they were enslaved by Egyptians. When
Jewish faith states God sent Moses to save Hebrews he parted
the Red Sea long enough for them to get past and the
Egyptian army drowned. Following Hebrew escape, God sent
the 10 commandments to Moses which were the basis of
mosaic faith. In time, the Hebrews returned to Israel but were
conquered by several other cultures. Today Hebrew's
are predominantly in America and Israel.
Demographics
Map of the World
Sacred symbols, texts and places
Sacred symbols, texts
and places
Jaya Shridhar
With help from: Hanessa Nijjer
Designed by: Hanessa Nijjer
Sacred symbols, texts and
places
Sacred Scriptures
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Tanakh: consists of books similar to the Christian
testaments.
Torah: the first five books of tanakh.
Nevi'im (prophets) : consists of 21 books of narrations
and prophecy
Ketuvim (writings): 13 books of the Ketuvim. Includes
wisdom literature, prophecy, and stories
Talmud: collection of rabbinical writings that
explain/interpret the Torah scriptures
Midrash: largest body of rabbinical material
Zohar: literature of Jewish mystical thought
Sacred symbols, texts and
places
Jewish house of prayer,
synagogues have a large
hall for prayer, and can have
smaller rooms for study;
socialization, and work.
The Star of David is the symbol
of Judaism, and is on the
Hebrew flag. The star consits
of two triangles, the one
pointing upward is said to
represent God, and the
triangle pointing down wards
represents Hebrews.
Bibliography
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