Name ______________________
Date ______
Mrs. Geithner-Marron (Bio 300)
Period _____
Unit 14 Nutrition and Digestion Review--Topics to Know/Questions You Should be Able to Answer
General
 Which characteristic of life is most related to nutrition and digestion?
Nutrition
 What are nutrients?
 What must be done to large molecules (carbs., fats, & proteins) that doesn’t need to be done to smaller molecules
(water, vitamins, & minerals)? Why?
 Are indigestible materials considered nutrients? Why/why not?
 What are 3 reasons that water is important in the body?
 Autotrophs and heterotrophs
o What is another name for autotrophs?
 How do they get their nutrition?
 What is the name of the specific process most autotrophs use?
 What is the equation?
o What is another name for heterotrophs?
 How do they get their nutrition? (2 possible ways)
 What are the different types of heterotrophs?
 What does each type eat?
 Food intake patterns
o How do chunk feeders take in food?
 What types of structures do they require for physical/mechanical digestion?
 What type of molecule do they require for chemical digestion?
 Examples of chunk feeders?
o How do filter feeders take in food?
 Examples of filter feeders?
Digestion
 What is digestion?
 Why is digestion necessary?
 What are the two types of digestion?
o Describe each.
o What is the purpose of each?
 Intracellular vs. Extracellular digestion
o Where does digestion take place in each?
o Examples of organisms that carry out intracellular digestion?
o Examples of organisms that carry out extracellular digestion?
 Hydra digestion
o Intracellular digestion, extracellular digestion, or both? Explain.
o How do nutrients get to all of the Hydra’s cells?
 Why is this possible?
 Two-way vs. One-way “traffic”/digestive systems
o Two-way has how many openings?
 Where does food enter and waste exit?
 Examples of organisms with two-way “traffic”/digestive systems?
o One-way has how many openings?
 Where does food enter and waste exit?
 Examples of organisms with one-way “traffic”/digestive systems?
o Which one is more efficient? Why?
o
Name ______________________
Date ______
Mrs. Geithner-Marron (Bio 300)
Period _____
Unit 14 Nutrition and Digestion Review--Topics to Know/Questions You Should be Able to Answer

Earthworm
o Be able to label a diagram and define the functions of the following parts:
 Mouth
 Pharynx
 Esophagus
 Crop
 Gizzard
 Intestine
 Anus
o What would happen if the earthworm had no gizzard? Where would digestion begin then?
o How is the increased surface area of the intestine an adaptation?
Human Nutrition and Digestion
 Nutrition
o What are the 3 complex nutrients that humans rely on?
 Do they require digestion? Why/why not?
o What the 3 simple nutrients humans rely on?
 Do they require digestion? Why/why not?
o Why is it important to eat a balance diet?
 Digestion
o Label the diagram (Remember, this may not be the exact diagram on the quiz/test, but is similar.)
o Fill in the chart (purpose/function of each part, the main substances digested, enzymes involved, and the type(s) of
digestion that take place in that part (if applicable).
o Why is chewing important?
o What does saliva do?
o What is peristalsis?
o What makes up gastric juice?
o What is chyme?
o What are the 3 accessory organs?
 Does food go through the accessory organs?
o What happens when fat is emulsified? Why is this important?
o What are villi?
 Where are they found?
 Why are they important?/What do they “add” to the digestive system?
o How is the circulatory system related to the digestive system?
o How is structure related to function in the digestive system?
Name ______________________
Date ______
Mrs. Geithner-Marron (Bio 300)
Period _____
Unit 14 Nutrition and Digestion Review--Topics to Know/Questions You Should be Able to Answer
Label the following parts of the human digestive system in the diagram. Then, using the chart on the next page,
give the purpose/function of each part, the main substances digested, enzymes involved, and the type(s) of
digestion that take place in that part (if applicable). If not applicable, just write “n/a”.
Name ______________________
Date ______
Mrs. Geithner-Marron (Bio 300)
Period _____
Unit 14 Nutrition and Digestion Review--Topics to Know/Questions You Should be Able to Answer
Organ/Structure
within Digestive
System
mouth
tongue
salivary glands
pharynx
epiglottis
esophagus
stomach
liver
gall bladder
pancreas
small intestine
(villi)
large intestine
(colon)
rectum
anus
Purpose/function
Main substance
digested here (carbs,
lipids/fats, proteins)
Enzymes involved?
What nutrients do
they work on?
What type(s) of
digestion take place
IN this part? (physical,
chemical, or both)
If applicable.