Cisco IPv6 Solutions Integration & Co-Existence Benoit Lourdelet Technology Product Management, NSSTG blourdel@cisco.com Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 1 Agenda Presentation_ID IPv6 Rationales IPv6 Protocol overview General Deployment Concepts Enterprise Deployment Service Provider Deployment © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2 IPv6 Rationales Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3 What is IPv6? Basic Perspectives The Network Manager Perspective Infrastructure focus Stable specifications, commercial implementations Cost of deployment and operation The End-User Perspective Applications & Services focus Integration per application model IP Agnostic Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4 Key Aspects Reminder IPv6 is NOT a feature. It is about the fundamental IP network layer model developed for end-to-end services and network transparency Deployments of production IPv6 infrastructures are under way, the time has come to move our focus to edge, access and usage 6Bone is phasing out, 6NET is closed,… Today’s IPv6 deployment drivers do not rely on uncovering the “future killer application” anymore, they focus instead on: Performing the same as on IPv4 but on a larger scale Operational cost savings or simpler network models when deploying applications Leading the innovation Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5 WHEREAS, community access to Internet Protocol (IP) numbering Resources has proved essential to the successful growth of the Internet; and, WHEREAS, ongoing community access to Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) numbering resources can not be assured indefinitely; and, WHEREAS, Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) numbering resources are available and suitable for many Internet applications, BE IT RESOLVED, that this Board of Trustees hereby advises the Internet community that migration to IPv6 numbering resources is necessary for any applications which require ongoing availability from ARIN of contiguous IP numbering resources; and, BE IT ORDERED, that this Board of Trustees hereby directs ARIN staff to take any and all measures necessary to assure veracity of applications to ARIN for IPv4 numbering resources; and, BE IT RESOLVED, that this Board of Trustees hereby requests the ARIN Advisory Council to consider Internet Numbering Resource Policy changes advisable to encourage migration to IPv6 numbering resources where possible. ARIN (ARIN Board of Trustees) 7 May 2007 Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6 Market Drivers IPv4 address pool exhaustion – 2010-2015? National IT strategy U.S. Federal – OMB memo called for IPv6 infra in June 2008 Japan, Korea,… China Next Generation Internet (CNGI) project European Commission sponsored projects Emerging countries IPv6 Task Force, ie: India, Africa,… Microsoft Windows Vista & Longhorn releases And other O.S. or applications Next Gen. Broadband: DOCSIS 3.0, Quad Play with HDTV,… Mobile SP – 3G/4G/WiMax, IP NGN IMS, IP/TV on Mobiles Networks in Motion Networked Sensors,… Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7 IPv6 Integration – Per Application Model Today, all O.S. are Dual-Stack As soon as the infrastructure is IPv6 capable…IPv6 integration can follow a non-disruptive “per application” model New Generation of Internet Appliances Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8 U-2010 – IPv6 Public Safety Framework Bio-Ecological Transportation disaster Health Risk Profiles Terrorism Rescue Sensors Voice First Public Crisis Responders Information Management Natural disaster Directory services Video Time Synch Instant Messenger Data Localization Management IPv6 - Common Networking Infrastructure Enabler • Secure environment • Bi-directional communications • IP Mobility •Ad-Hoc Networks Wireless Network Infrastructures Fixed Network Infrastructures Broadband Presentation_ID Public Private Government © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. • Traceability • Community of Interest Cisco Confidential WiFi GPRS/3G Satellite Radio DVB-H WiMax 9 IPv6 Protocol overview Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 10 IPv4 & IPv6 Header Comparison IPv4 Header Version IHL Type of Service Identification IPv6 Header Total Length Flags Version Traffic Class Fragment Offset Payload Length Time to Live Protocol Flow Label Next Header Hop Limit Header Checksum Source Address Source Address Destination Address Legend Options Padding - field’s name kept from IPv4 to IPv6 Destination Address - fields not kept in IPv6 - Name & position changed in IPv6 - New field in IPv6 Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 11 IPv6 Packet Structure – RFC 2460 IPv6 Header Next Header = 6 (TCP) TCP header & payload IPv6 Header Next Header = 43 (Routing) Routing Header Next Header = 6 (TCP) IPv6 Header Next Header = 43 (Routing) Routing Header Next Header = 51 (AH) TCP header & payload Authentication Header Next Header = 6 (TCP) TCP header & payload • IPv6 hardware forwarding must be able to parse all fields to read about option headers and L4 details for packet filtering and monitoring • Ref. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6553/products_white_paper0900aecd8054d37d.shtml Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12 Address Allocation /32 2001 /48 0DB8 /64 Interface ID ISP prefix Site prefix LAN prefix The allocation process is defined by the 5 Registries: IANA allocates 2000::/3 as Global Unicast [RFC 4291] Registries get ::/12 prefix(es) from IANA [formerly /23] under new policy http://www.icann.org/announcements/announcement-12oct06.htm Registry allocates a /32 prefix [formerly /35] to IPv6 ISP and others Then policies recommend that the ISP allocates a /48 prefix to each customer (or potentially /64) http://www.ripe.net/ripe/docs/ipv6policy.html http://www.icann.org/announcements/ipv6-report-06sep05.htm New Policy to assign PI and IX prefixes as /48 Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13 IPv6 Technology Scope IP Service IPv4 Solution IPv6 Solution Addressing Range 32-bit, Network Address Translation 128-bit, Multiple Scopes Autoconfiguration DHCP Serverless, Reconfiguration, DHCP Security IPSec IPSec Mandated, works End-to-End Mobility Mobile IP Mobile IP with Direct Routing Quality-of-Service Differentiated Service, Integrated Service Differentiated Service, Integrated Service IP Multicast IGMP/PIM/Multicast BGP MLD/PIM/Multicast BGP, Scope Identifier Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14 Introducing Local Network Protection for IPv6 DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation IPv6 Global & ULA address space Internet Access Si Si Explicit Context Based Access Control IPv4 Network Address Translation (NAT) is widely deployed and its success is due to the fact that today’s Internet is primarily running Client/Server applications. No reason to treat NAT as evil, better to analyze “Market’s perceived benefits of IPv4 NAT”, then educate how similar benefits can be achieved with IPv6 Topology hiding, addressing autonomy, simple security,… Local Network Protection for IPv6 A set of IPv6 techniques that may be combined on an IPv6 site to simplify and protect the integrity of its network architecture, without the need for Address Translation http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-v6ops-nap-06.txt Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 15 General Deployment Concepts Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16 IPv6 – Planning Steps 2005 2006 2007 2008 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2009 201x Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Identifying the business case Network Assessment Cost Analysis Training Address planning Testing Deploying Production How long is needed for each phase of an IPv6 deployment project? Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 17 The Scope of IPv6 Deployment Operations and Training Campus Enterprise WAN Multimedia Peer to Peer (Video Conf) Provider Edge (ie: Instant Messenger) Provider Core Broadband Networks Integration & Co-Existence IPv6 over IPv4 Tunnels (Configured, 6to4, ISATAP, GRE) Native IPv4 & IPv6 Cisco IOS is Multi-Protocol Since Day 1 IPv6 over MPLS (AToM, 6PE/6VPE) IPv6 Services – The Cisco IOS Emphasis QoS Mobility Multicast Security Instrumentation IPv4-IPv6 Translation Provisioning&Monitoring Information Services Server to Client IPv6 Forwarding & Routing protocols (RIPng, EIGRP, OSPFv3, IS-ISv6, MP-BGP4) Frame Relay Presentation_ID PPP HDLC © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. POSIP Cisco Confidential ATM FE GE, 10GE Wireless xDSL Cable, FTTH 18 Network Assessment A key and mandatory step to evaluate the impact of IPv6 integration May be split in several phases Infrastructure – networking devices Hosts, Servers and applications Must be as complete as possible to allow upgrade costs evaluation and planning Hardware type, memory size, interfaces, CPU load,… Software version, features enabled, license type,… Difficult to complete if a set of features is not defined per device’s category for a specific environment IPv6-capable definition, knowledge of the environment and applications, design goals Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19 IPv6 Addressing Considerations Understand the IPv6 addressing model Several IETF related documents (RFC 4291 (3513), 3041, 3056, 3879, 4007, 4193, 4214…) IANA and Registries policies and prefix allocation rules http://www.arin.net/policy/nrpm.html#ipv6 Internal rules Develop an addressing plan Leverage hierarchical addressing system within network, for route aggregation and consolidation at the core Address are assigned to interfaces as on IPv4, but interfaces expected to have multiple addresses Address type, scope and lifetime Unicast, Anycast, Multicast Valid and preferred lifetime – RFC 4192 on Renumbering Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20 Education It is a very important aspect of planning. Knowledgeable staff would make better decisions in planning the deployment. The sooner it is initiated the less expensive and more valuable it is. Many education options: Formalized training used to train-the-trainer. Global resources - 6Bone(http://www.6bone.net) - IPv6 Forum (http://www.ipv6forum.com) - IPv6 Task Force (http://www.ipv6tf.org) North- America (http://www.nav6tf.org) Europe (http://www.ipv6tf.org/meet/tf/eutf.php) Japan (http://www.v6pc.jp/en/index.html) Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21 Education (cont.) Many education options: Reference Projects - 6DISS (http://www.6diss.org) - 6NET (http://www.6net.org) - Euro6IX (http://www.euro6ix.org) - Moonv6 (http://moonv6.sr.unh.edu) Cisco resources - Partner e-Learning Connection: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/10/wwtraining/pec/peclogin.html - Cisco Learning Connection: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le31/le46/learning_customer_elearning_connection_tool_launch.shtml Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 22 Enterprise Deployment Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 23 Deployment Scenario for Enterprises WAN Campus Presentation_ID Environment Scenario Cisco IOS support IPv6 services available from ISP Dual Stack Yes Dedicated Data Link layers, eg. LL, ATM & FR PVC, dWDM Lambda No IPv6 services from ISP or experimentation – few sites No IPv6 services from ISP or experimentation – many sites, any to any communication Dual Stack Yes Configured Tunnels Yes 6to4 Yes L3 infrastructure – IPv6 capable Dual Stack Yes L3 infrastructure – not IPv6 capable, or sparse IPv6 hosts population ISATAP Yes © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 24 Campus IPv6 Deployment Options Dual-stack IPv4/IPv6 IPv6/IPv4 Dual Stack Requires switching/routing platforms to support hardware based forwarding for IPv4 and IPv6 Access Layer v6Enabled Requires robust control plane for both IPv4 and IPv6 v6Enabled Distribution Layer Core Layer Dual Stack v6-Enabled Dual Stack IPv4 and IPv6 control planes and data planes must not impact each other (See RST-3301) L2/L3 Dual Stack Variety of routing protocols—The same ones in use today with IPv4 Requires support for IPv6 multicast, QoS, infrastructure security, etc… Dual Stack IPv6 management— Telnet/SSH/HTTP/SNMP Dual Stack IPv6 is transparent on L2 switches except for multicast - MLD snooping v6-Enabled Aggregation Layer (DC) Access Layer (DC) IPv6 Server Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 25 Campus IPv6 Deployment Options Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Offers IPv6 connectivity via multiple options Dual-stack Configured tunnels – L3-to-L3 ISATAP – Host-to-L3 Access Layer May require tunneling to less-thanoptimal layers (i.e. Core layer) ISATAP creates a flat network (all hosts on same tunnel are peers) v6-Enabled ISATAP does not support IPv6 Multicast Configured tunnels do support IPv6 Multicast Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Dual Stack Provides basic HA of ISATAP tunnels via old Anycast-RP idea v6Enabled Dual Stack Create tunnels per VLAN/subnet to keep same segregation as existing design (not clean today) Not v6Enabled Configured Tunnel Offers natural progression to full dualstack design ISATAP Tunnel Leverages existing network L2/L3 v6Enabled Not v6Enabled v6-Enabled Distribution Layer Core Layer Aggregation Layer (DC) Access Layer (DC) Dual-stack Server 26 Campus IPv6 Deployment Options IPv6 Service Block – An Interim Approach Red VLAN Blue VLAN IPv6 Service Block Distribution Layer © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Dedicated FW Core Layer IOS FW Agg Layer 2 1 Secondary ISATAP Tunnel Presentation_ID ISATAP Access Layer Primary ISATAP Tunnel Equal-cost Configured Tunnel (Mesh) IPv4-only Campus Block Internet Provides ability to rapidly deploy IPv6 services without touching existing network Provides tight control of where IPv6 is deployed and where the traffic flows (maintain separation of groups/locations) Provides basic HA of ISATAP ISATAP tunnels from PCs in Access layer to service Block switches In this example configured tunnels are used from Data Center to Service Block Dependency on ISATAP alienates IPv6 multicast applications 1) Leverage existing ISP block for both IPv4 and IPv6 access 2) Use dedicated ISP connection just for IPv6 – Can use IOS FW or PIX/ASA appliance WAN/ISP Block Data Center Block 27 IPv6 Enabled Branch Take Your Pick – Mix-and-Match Branch Single Tier Branch Dual Tier Branch Multi-Tier HQ HQ HQ Internet Internet MPLS Frame Internet Dual-Stack IPSec VPN (IPv4/IPv6) IOS Firewall (IPv4/IPv6) Integrated Switch (MLD-snooping) Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Dual-Stack IPSec VPN or Frame Relay IOS Firewall (IPv4/IPv6) Switches (MLD-snooping) Cisco Confidential Dual-Stack IPSec VPN or MPLS (6PE/6VPE) Firewall (IPv4/IPv6) Switches (MLD-snooping) 28 Cisco VPN Client in IPv6 environment Tunnel(s) Remote User IPv4 IPSec Termination (PIX/ASA/IOS VPN/ Concentrator) IPv6 Traffic IPv4 Traffic IPv4 Link Internet IPv6 Tunnel Termination IPv6 Link Corporate Network Firewall IPsec VPN IPv6-in-IPv4 Tunnel Dual-Stack server Requirement Cisco IOS release with either Configured or ISATAP tunnels Cisco VPN Client 4.x Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 29 Cisco IPv6 Security Solutions IPv6 Firewall IPv6 IPSec HW Encryption • IOS Firewall 12.3T, 12.4, 12.4T • PIX 7.x • ASA 5500 series • FWSM 3.x • 7200 VAM2+ SPA • ISR AIM VPN • next gen. 5G IPsec VPN SPA IPsec – Secure Connectivity Packet filtering – Threat protection • IPv6 over IPv4 IPsec tunnels • IPv4 dynamic IPSec to protect IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels with dynamic IPv4 end point • IPv6 IPSec Authentication for OSPFv3 • IPv6 IPsec Tunnel Router-to-Router Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential • Standard, reflexive, extended access control list • Enhanced extended ACL – filtering on Routing Type • Hardware e-ACL filtering capabilities (CRS-1, C12K, C7600, C6500,…) including parsing option headers 30 Looking at IPv6 Network Management Network Management evolution needs to be integrated in the IPv6 deployment strategy In a dual-stack network, both IPv4 and IPv6 environments must be managed with the best optimization to decrease the cost of operations 3 areas to consider Instrumentation (MIBs, Netflow record, IP SLA,…) New IP MIBs, RFC 4001 compliancy Network Protocol (SNMP, TFTP, Syslog, Telnet, SSH,…over IPv6) NMS & Applications for IPv6 DNS/DHCP server (CNR 6.2), Netflow Collector 5.x, Ciscoworks LMS 2.5 (Topology, User Tracking,…) Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 31 Cisco IT IPv6 Deployment Development Labs Network Monitoring Host Lab DMZ Tunnel Router Lab Cisco SJC Internal Net Cisco Global Network Cisco SJC DMZ IPv4 Firewall Lab Address Management & DNS Presentation_ID IPv4 Internet © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential IPv6 Firewall & Tunnel Termination Router (incl. ISATAP) DMZ Lab IPv4 Internet Access Router DMZ Development Lab IPv6 Internet 32 ISP Deployment Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 33 IPv6 Deployment Scenario for ISP Scenario Cisco IOS support Tunnels Yes Dual Stack Yes Dedicated circuits – IPv4 – IPv6 Dual Stack Yes Native IP – Core is IPv6 aware Dual Stack Yes MPLS – Core is IPv6 unaware 6PE/6VPE Yes Environment Access Core Presentation_ID Few customers, no native IPv6 service form the PoP or Data link is not (yet) native IPv6 capable, ie: Cable Docsis Native IPv4-IPv6 services between aggregation and endusers © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 34 Dual Stack IPv4-IPv6 Enterprise Dual-Stack or Dedicated L2 circuits 6to4 Relay Courtesy Service Aggregation DSL, Cable FTTH Dual-Stack Core IPv6 Broadband Users IPv6 IX Peering IPv6 Transit services IPv6 enables on Core Routers 802.11 Hot-Spot IPv6 services to Enterprise customers IPv6 services to Home Users Peering ISP’s Additional Services 6to4 relay courtesy service IPv6 IX IPv6 Multicast for streaming (Triple Play) Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 35 IPv6 over MPLS Infrastructure Service Providers have already deployed MPLS in their IPv4 backbone for various reasons MPLS/VPN, MPLS/QoS, MPLS/TE, ATM + IP switching Several IPv6 over MPLS scenarios IPv6 Tunnels configured on CE (no impact on MPLS) IPv6 over Circuit_over_MPLS (no impact on IPv6) IPv6 Provider Edge Router (6PE) over MPLS & IPv6 VPN over MPLS (6VPE) with no impact on MPLS core Native IPv6 MPLS (require full network upgrade) Upgrading software to IPv6 Provider Edge Router (6PE) Low cost and risk as only the required Edge routers are upgraded or installed Allows IPv6 Prefix delegation by ISP Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36 Minimum Infrastructure Upgrade for 6PE DSL POP 6PE router v6 6PE router MP-iBGP session CE v4/v6 POP v4 MPLS Core up to OC-192 Data Center IPv6 Network Only IPv6 segment FTTH G E NAT-PT GE IPv4 Server GE MPLS/IPv4 GE Cisco 7600 Sup.720 as 6PE •6PE – RFC 4798 – defined by Cisco and available from IOS •MPLS/IPv4 Core Infrastructure is IPv6-unaware • PEs are updated to support Dual Stack/6PE • IPv6 reachability exchanged among 6PEs via iBGP (MP-BGP) • IPv6 packets transported from 6PE to 6PE inside MPLS Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential IPv6 Server 37 IPv6 Integration on MPLS VPN infrastructure Dual-stack ipv4 addresses: 10.100/16 ipv6 addresses: 2001:100::/64 Dual-stack network Address-family IPv4 Address-family IPv6 P1 Site-1 2001:101::/64 10.101/16 vrf CE1 P2 PE1 Dual-stack network PE2 MP-eBGP session Address-family IPv4 Address-family IPv6 2001:201::/64 10.201/16 MP-iBGP session MP-eBGP session Address-family VPNv4 Address-family VPNv6 Address-family IPv4 Address-family IPv6 MPLS/IPv4 Core Infrastructure is IPv6-unaware PEs are updated to support Dual Stack/6VPE IPv6 VPN can co-exist with IPv4 VPN – same scope and policies 6VPE – RFC 4659 – Cisco authored for IPv6 VPN over MPLS/IPv4 infrastructure Site-2 VRF red iGP-v4 (OSPF, ISIS) LDP-v4 VRF red CE2 Dual stack server vrf definition site1 rd 100:1 route-target import 100:1 route-target export 100:1 address-family ipv4 address-family ipv6 ! interface ethernet0/0 vrf forwarding site1 ip address 10.100.1.2 255.255.0.0 ipv6 address 2001:100::72b/64 Cisco IOS 12.2(33)SRB on 7600, IOS-XR 3.5 on C12000 Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 38 Cisco IOS IPv6 Broadband Access Solutions Layer 2 Encapsulation(s) IPv4/IPv6 Firewall PIX, IOS FW PSTN Dial ISP A NAS Internet DSL DSLAM DOCSIS 3.0 proposal Cable BAS Enterprise Head-end Distributed Computing (GRID) Access Ethernet IPv6 Prefix Pools IPv6 Radius (Cisco VSA and RFC 3162) DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation Stateless DHCPv6 DHCPv6 Relay Generic Prefix 802.11 Mobile RAN ATM RFC 1483 Routed or Bridged (RBE) PPP, PPPoA, PPPoE, Tunnel (Cable) Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Dual-Stack or MPLS (6PE) Core Cisco Confidential Video IPv6 Multicast IPv4/IPv6 39 Prefix/Options Assignment Host CPE PE ISP ISP provisioning system (3) RADIUS responds with user’s prefix(es) DHCP Client DHCP Server (1) CPE sends DHCP solicit with ORO = PD (2) PE sends RADIUS request for the user (4) PE sends DHCP REPLY with Prefix Delegation options (5) CPE configures addresses from the prefix on its downstream interfaces, and sends an RA. O-bit is set to on (7) CPE sends a DHCP REPLY containing request options AAA Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. DHCP Cisco Confidential (6) Host configures addresses based on the prefixes received in the RA. As the O-bit is on, it sends a DHCP INFORMATION-REQUEST message, with an ORO = DNS ND/DHCP 40 Summary Markets Perspective IPv6 enables innovation, scalability and simplicity Software Developer Perspective Applications must be “IP agnostic” Network Manager Perspective Infrastructure must be deliver IPv6 up to the edge/access layer The End-User Perspective IP version needs to be transparent Ensure an orderly and secured transition using Cisco IPv6 Solutions Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 41 Q and A Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 42 More Information CCO IPv6 - http://www.cisco.com/ipv6 Cisco IPv6 Solutions http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk872/technologies_white_paper09186a0 0802219bc.shtml IPv6 Application Notes http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/732/Tech/ipv6/ipv6_techdoc.shtml Cisco IOS IPv6 manuals http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios123/123cgcr/i pv6_vcg.htm Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 43 Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 44