Awesome Arch
By Cambridge Dragons
Teyahnie
DonaRaye
Malika
Clara
Claudia
Helped By
Shannon andLuba
Overview
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Goals
Design Process
Prototypes
Final Design
Building
Math and Science
Types of Bridges
Goals
• Decide on topic and
final design
• Work as a team
• Learn woodshop
and computer skills
• Finish on or ahead
of time
• Stay within budget
Design Process
• Brainstorm
• Optical illusions
• Amusement park
• Bridges
• Topic selection
• Talk with client
• Types of bridges
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Suspension
Arch
Cable Stay
Draw
Truss
• Research/prototypes
Prototype #1
• Paper bridges
• Invented different
bridges to test
strength
Prototype #2
• Cardboard
• To figure out
dimensions relative
to exhibit space
Prototype #3
• Wood
• To experiment with
large model
• To get accustomed to
working with wood
Prototype #4
• Foam
• To test our own
shapes of arches
• To prototype the
actual bridge
Final Design
• A flat-topped arch
that kids can
assemble and walk
on
• Pictures of famous
bridges
• Text about the
forces acting on
bridges
Some Bridge Vocabulary
• Abutment: A concrete structure used for support at
either end of a bridge, receiving the thrust from the
ends of an arch. The abutment resists the
compression from the arch.
• Arch: A curved structure which supports weight at its
center by distributing compression down to the
ground at its end.
• Compression: The effect of a force, which tends to
shorten an object in the direction of the force.
• Keystone: The central wedge-shaped block at the
top of an arch that holds the other pieces in place.
• Tension: The effect of a force, which tends
to lengthen an object by pulling it apart.
Building and Materials
• Construction Steps
• Sketches and Handdrawings
• Learning to use tools
• Paper and foam models
• Cutting, sanding,
assembling, staining
pieces
• Materials
• Maple Appleply wood
• Nails, screws and glue
• Stains and
polyurethane
Working in the Woodshop
• Transfer design to wood
and cut with saber saw.
• Assemble pieces with
drills and the screw guns.
• Hand and power sanding
to smooth edges and
sides.
Final Steps
•Attach supports to
base.
• Color stain each
piece.
• Build the center
template.
Math We’ve Learned and Used
• Fractions
• Drawing to scale
• Angles
• Volume + Area
• Calculated circumference
p= 3.14
r= radius
Circumference = 2pr
Science
• Forces
• Force = Mass x
Acceleration
• Tension
• Compression
• Load
• Material Science
• Modulus of Elasticity
• Failure/Fracture
Dimension design using AutoCAD
Examples of Bridges
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Arch
Suspension
Cable Stay
Truss
Drawbridge
Arch Bridge
• Can be combined
with other types
• Each piece of an
arch is used to
support the load
• An arch uses the
force of compression
Suspension Bridge
• Spans long distances over water
• Cables act in tension to support
the load
• Cables connect from the bridge
deck to the main cables
Cable Stay
• Spans long distances
• Cables connect from
the bridge deck to the
towers
• Cables act in tension to
support the load
• Towers act in
compression
Truss Bridge
• Members act in
both tension and
compression
• Triangles are the
main shape
• Is combined with
other bridge styles
Drawbridge
• Trusses are the
main shape
• Movable decks to
allow ships to pass
• Shorter towers used
• Spans short
distances
Special thanx to…..