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Strategy
Tactics
75% Pattern Recognition
25% Racing Rules
Techniques
Two Basic RRS
Principles
More
Keep
KEEP
CLEAR
Manuverable
Clear
shall
Boat
Less
Manuverable
Boat
R-O-W
shall
Give
Room
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11
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Windward/Leeward
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8
Overtaking/Overtaken
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9
Viking boat design 410AD
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Starboard Tack
Port Tack
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11
KEEP CLEAR
LIMITATIONS
Keep Clear
Give Room
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10
15
16
12
11
17
18
give mark-room
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22-Shall
Restarting
Doing penalty
Sailing backwards
23-If possible
Capsized
Anchored
Aground
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Def:
“We are / are not overlapped!”
Overlapped “Wait until the zone.”
18.2(e)
18.2(d)
“I am / You are at the zone,
“Mark Room / No Mark Room”
“I doubt it / No doubt”
18.2(b)
Outside / clear astern gives mark-room
18.4
Inside r-o-w must gybe if that’s her proper course.
18.2(c)
(Forever–unless outside tacks or leaves the zone)
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Taking mark room you deserve means not
having to say “you’re sorry” for
breaking 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, or 16.
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24-If reasonably possible
Boat not racing
Doing a penalty
Another leg
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I do / do not have room to give mark-room.
I did everything possible to give room
“You’re Excused”
Exoneration
RULE REALITIES
#1
The John McCain
Answer
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Born 1936 – In January 2009, at 61, he would have been the oldest person take the presidential oath of office for the first time.
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KEEP CLEAR
Rule 10
GIVE ROOM
Rule 16
FACTS
• J/24s
• Wind - 5 kts
• Missed by 1 meter
• BLUE protested – then went on to start the race
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KEEP CLEAR
Rule 10
FACTS
• J/24s
• Wind - 25 kts
• Missed by 1 meter
GIVE ROOM
Rule 16
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KEEP CLEAR
Rule 10
GIVE ROOM
Rule 16
FACTS
• J/24s
• Wind - 25 kts
• Missed by 1 meter
• BLUE yelled “Protest” – then lost control. The boat
• gybed, went head to wind and into irons.
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KEEP CLEAR
Rule 10
GIVE ROOM
Rule 16
BLUE – Port Tack
YELLOW – Stbd Tack
Rule 10: “… shall keep
clear …”
Rule 16: “… shall give room to
keep clear …”
Def: Keep Clear - “… if the R-O-W
boat can sail her course with no
need to take avoiding action…”
#1
Facts:
J/24, 5kts, 1m, started
Conclusions: Kept clear & Gave Room
Decision:
DISALLOWED
Def: Room – “… space needed in
existing conditions … to keep clear
… while manoeuvring promptly in a
seamanlike way.”
#2
J/24, 25kts, 1m, uncontrolled gybe
BLUE did not keep clear &
YELLOW did not give room
DSQ YELLOW
BLUE Exonerated
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When, as a consequence of breaking a rule a boat has compelled another boat to break a rule, the other boat shall be exonerated. Rule 64.1(b)
Third & Fourth Scenarios
#3
#4
Deer In The Headlights
Verba Non Acta
BLUE DSQ
BLUE DSQ
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INTERMISSION
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PRE-START
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KEEP CLEAR
GIVE ROOM
18
It Depends
Can I go
in there?
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KEEP CLEAR
GIVE ROOM
18
It Depends
Rule 18 MARK-ROOM
Preamble – “… does not apply at a starting mark
surrounded by navigable water or at its anchor
line, from the time boats are approaching them to
start until they have passed them.”
1st It Depends – Are you approaching the starting line to start?
2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for
her to pass through?
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You be the judge
Can BLUE pass through?
We think no.
2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for
her to pass through?
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You be the judge
Can BLUE pass through?
We think no.
2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for
her to pass through?
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You be the judge
Can BLUE pass through?
We think yes.
2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for
her to pass through?
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You be the judge
Can BLUE pass through?
We think yes.
2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for
her to pass through?
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WINDWARD
1
The classic Port - Starboard
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KEEP CLEAR
GIVE ROOM
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At the protest hearing
YELLOW says …
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At the protest hearing
BLUE says …
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KEEP CLEAR
Who is most likely to sway the protest
committee?
You probably know the answer.
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GIVE ROOM
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The “why” may surprise you.
YELLOW says …
BLUE says …
Who has the onus?
Preponderance of the evidence (or the balance of probabilities).
Hear all the evidence. -- Weigh the evidence. -- Whichever has more weight – 49% / 51%
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In this case starboard is usually in a better position to see the situation develop and determine whether she needs to change course to avoid a
collision, so her evidence is given more weight.
WINDWARD
2
The tactics of a duck
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KEEP CLEAR
10
GIVE ROOM
16
Let’s slam dunk
BLUE and also go
right.
Let’s duck
YELLOW
and go right.
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KEEP CLEAR
10
GIVE ROOM
16
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KEEP CLEAR
13
10
GIVE ROOM
16
Slam Dunk
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Slam Dunk
2009
Shaquille O’Neal
Kobi Bryant
Trevor Ariza (a-RYE-za)
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KEEP CLEAR
10
GIVE ROOM
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Slam Dunk
Tactics to defeat a Slam Dunk
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KEEP CLEAR
10
GIVE ROOM
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Slam Dunk
Slam Dunk
Don’t aim behind
Aim at the helmsman
Tactics to defeat a Slam Dunk
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KEEP CLEAR
10
GIVE ROOM
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Don’t aim behind
Aim at the helmsman
Tactics to defeat a Slam Dunk
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KEEP CLEAR
10
GIVE ROOM
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Don’t aim behind
Aim at the helmsman
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WINDWARD
3
Piggy In The Middle
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Rule 20 – “When approaching an obstruction, a boat may hail for room to tack
and avoid a boat on the same tack. …”
Okay. Here
I go.
BLUE,
Please keep
clear.
RED, Give me
room to tack
please.
BLUE must:
KEEP CLEAR
(a) Be required to make a substantial alteration of
course to miss the obstruction
(b) Be sailing a close hauled course
(c) The obstruction is not a mark.
(d) Hail (what?)
(e) Give the hailed boat time to respond
(f) After hailed boat responds, must tack ASAP
What happens if BLUE does not really need to tack? RED must respond (and protest).
GIVE ROOM
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Hailing for room to
tack.
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RED is now at a big disadvantage. She is the leeward boat on pinned stbd tack.
Does she have a better response?
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Rule 20.2(c) “The hailed boat shall … tack ASAP,
or
(Response Option #2)
by immediately replying ‘You tack’ … .”
‘YOU
TACK’
BLUE, Please
keep clear.
What?
Okay,
YOU TACK
RED, Give me
room to tack
please.
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WINDWARD
MARK
Tacking near the mark
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You be the judge
• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack lay
line ahead of YELLOW
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You be the judge
• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack lay
line ahead of YELLOW
• BLUE tacks
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You be the judge
• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack lay
line ahead of YELLOW
• BLUE tacks
• When BLUE falls off to a close
hauled course YELLOW is 1/4
boat length behind
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You be the judge
• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack lay
line ahead of YELLOW
• BLUE tacks
• When BLUE falls off to a close
hauled course YELLOW is 1/4
boat length behind
• YELLOW is going faster and
overtakes BLUE and luffs above
close hauled to avoid her and
protests.
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You be the judge
• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack lay
line ahead of YELLOW
• BLUE tacks
• When BLUE falls off to a close
hauled course YELLOW is 1/4
boat length behind
• YELLOW is going faster and
overtakes BLUE and luffs above
close hauled to avoid her and
protests.
KEEP CLEAR
GIVE ROOM
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12
15
18.3
Rule 18.3 Tacking in the Zone
“If a boat in the zone
passes head to wind
…”
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You be the judge
• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack lay
line ahead of YELLOW
• BLUE tacks
• When BLUE falls off to a close
hauled course YELLOW is 1/4
boat length behind
• YELLOW is going faster and
overtakes BLUE and luffs above
close hauled to avoid her and
protests.
KEEP CLEAR
GIVE ROOM
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12
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18.3
Rule 18.3 Tacking in the Zone
“If a boat in the zone
passes head-to-wind
…”
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DOWNWIND
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KEEP CLEAR
10
GIVE ROOM
11
X Not on a closehauled course
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BLUE must:
(a) Be required to make a substantial alteration of
course to miss the obstruction
(b) Be sailing
course
sailingaaclose
closehauled
hauled
course
(c) The obstruction is not a mark.
(d) Hail (what?)
(e) Give the hailed boat time to respond
(f) After hailed boat responses, tack ASAP
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KEEP CLEAR
GIVE ROOM
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10
X Not on a closehauled course
20
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Dangerous stuff we didn’t talk about
•
•
•
•
Rule 14 – Sailing is not ice hockey
Rule 15 – Acquiring Right Of Way
Rule 17 – Luffing and Proper Course
Rule 18 – More Mark roundings
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Thank You’s
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Detroit Regional Yacht-Racing Association
Website & Facebook
2 April (Wed) – Port Huron Yacht Club
• The Excitement of Match Racing
• Kent Colpaert
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Detroit Regional Yacht-Racing Association
Website & Facebook
2 April (Wed) – Port Huron Yacht Club
• The Excitement of Match Racing
North Cape Yacht Club
The End
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Sailing Rules For Poets
Keep Clear Boats
P
–
Astern
A
–
Outside
O
–
Windward
W
– Port
Potawatomi Indian word meaning vegetarian. Although the literal translation is “bad hunter”.
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Sailing Rules For Poets
S
A
I
L
– Starboard
R-O-W Boat
– Ahead
– Inside
– Leeward
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The End
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PRE-START
3
What about the port end?
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KEEP CLEAR
GIVE ROOM
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KEEP CLEAR
GIVE ROOM
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KEEP CLEAR
GIVE ROOM
Rule 16
Rule 11
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