Journal #1:
 Take out your HW and
journals!
 1. Why study history?
 2. What tools do historians use
to study history?
 Primary Sources: Firsthand
accounts from the time period
 3. What primary source from
your own life did you choose
and why?
Question
 Do advancements in technology improve or worsen
our lives? Why? Defend your answer with a reason
(argument).
Industrialization
 Look at the map on pg. 281:
 Which country do you think industrialized first?
 Why? What factors lead to industrialization?
The Industrial Revolution
 Began in England in the 1700s
 Industrialization: Shift from making products by
hand to making them by machines
 Requires land, labor (people to work), capital (money),
and natural resources (rivers, forests…)
 Good economy and stable government
 Leads to mass production
 New inventions, transportation
Primary Source Group
Work
 Are your documents mainly positive or negative
effects of industrialization?
 Compare the Industrial Revolution to today’s Digital
Revolution/globalization.
Progress and Plight
 Urbanization: Growth of cities
 Factories near water sources
 Working class:
 Poor living conditions
 Poor working conditions
 Growth of the middle class
 Long-term effects:
 Improved standard of living, access to consumer goods
Today
Three Major Themes/Ideas
 Industrialization: Growth of industries for the
machine production of goods
 Nationalism: Belief in loyalty to one’s nation (people
with a shared culture and history)
 Imperialism: Strong nations dominating weaker
nations politically, economically, or socially
Chocolate Riddle
 When you think of great chocolate, what countries
do you think of?
 Where does chocolate come from?
“The Sun Never Sets On the British
Empire”
1.
What do you know about the British
Empire?
2. Take a guess: what do you think this
quote means?
Hint: Look at
the map on pg.
337 of your
textbook
British Empire at the
Height of its Power
1920’s
¼ of world’s
pop.
Rule, Britannia!
Rule Britannia!
Britannia rule the waves
Britons never, never, never shall be slaves.
Rule Britannia!
Britannia rule the waves.
Britons never, never, never shall be slaves.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1XPHL4Q86t4
Imperialism
 Imperialism: Seizure (taking) of a country or
territory (land) by a stronger country
 Strong nations dominating weaker nations politically,
economically, or socially
 Primary Sources: Discover the three main causes of
imperialism
Vocabulary:
 Nationalism
 Social Darwinism
 Paternalism
 Assimilation
 Racism
Argument Writing
 Which cause—social, political, or economic—was
most responsible for imperialism in the late 1800s?
 Write a short response to turn in.
 Format to follow:




T: Topic sentence
I: Introduce main point and evidence
Q: Quote from the document
A: Analyze the quote or your evidence
Three Corners Discussion
Choose your country for
the Berlin Conference
simulation…
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




Portugal: Izzy, Isabelle, Madden, Emily
Britain: Carly, Rachel, Bonnie, Raven
France: Colin, Brandon, Henry, Michael
Belgium: Addie, Tyler, Corinne, Tesla
Germany: Colin, Jake, Colin, Jared
Italy: Keara, Hailey, Hannah, Nolan
Choose your country for
the Berlin Conference…



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Portugal:
Britain:
France:
Belgium:
Germany:
Italy:
 1. If you wanted to control someone smaller or
weaker than you, how could you do it? What
methods might you use?
 2. What might happen to them after you have
dominated their lives?
 3. Is this ever morally justified (morally right)? Why
or why not?
Scramble for Africa
 European countries want to build empires!
 How it starts: Explorers and missionaries, trade
 Then: Belgium takes the Congo (1880’s)
 How did Europeans take control?
 Technology: Maxim gun, steamboat
 Medicine: Quinine for malaria
 Took advantage of: African diversity, rivalries
 Berlin Conference (1884-85) to prevent wars
Africa Before and After
1870
c. 1914
Where?
 Not just Africa
 Britain in India, trading in China
 French and Dutch in Southeast Asia
 US in the Philippines and Hawaii
 Not just Europeans
 Japan took over Korea in 1910
Forms of control
 The Name of the Game: Empire Building
 Types of imperialism:



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Colony: Foreign power governs
Protectorate: Foreign power controls government
Sphere of influence: Foreign power has trade privileges
Economic Imperialism: Foreign business controls econ.
 Forms of control:
 Direct: No self-rule, no local leaders in government
 Indirect: Limited self-rule of local leaders
 Based on your research for homework last night,
how powerful do you think your country is?
 Do you think your country will be successful in
getting as much of the best territory as it can at the
Berlin Conference today?
Berlin Conference
Simulation
 Order for choosing territory:
 1. Portugal
 2. Britain
 3. France
 4. Belgium
 5. Germany
 6. Italy
Spaces off-limits: Liberia (everyone) and Ethiopia (except
for Italy)
Journal #6: Where in the
World?
 Guess the country! Explain your guess.
 Clues:
 The world’s largest democracy
 Main religions:
 Hindus (80%)
 Muslims (13%)
 Other (Christian, Sikh): 7%
 16 official languages, including English
 Capital city is New Delhi
 Raise your hand if you would like one extra hint!
Answer: India
Europeans in the Middle
East
 Decline of the Ottoman Empire
 Geopolitics: Taking strategically
located land
 Crimean War: Britain, France,
Ottomans prevent Russia from
taking Black Sea territory
 “Great Game” between Britain
and Russia over Afghanistan
 Egypt modernizes: Suez Canal
leads to British control of Egypt
 Russian, British spheres of
interest in Persia—for oil
Southeast Asia
 Dutch East India Company in Indonesia
 Rubber plantations and other cash crops
 British in Malaysia
 French in Indochina (Vietnam)
 Rice production
 Siam (Thailand) remained independent
 King Mongkut plays France and Britain and modernizes
 US in the Philippines, Hawaii (interest in sugar)
 Hawaii annexed in 1898
Imperialism in India
 Decline of Mughal Empire in the 1700s
 British make deals with maharajahs
 British East India Company sets up trading posts
 Cash crops: Tea, indigo, coffee, cotton, and opium to
trade with China (for tea)
 “Jewel in the crown” of colonies
 What does this mean?
 Decline in local handloom textile industry
Sepoy Rebellion (1857)
 Sepoy Mutiny/India’s First War of Independence led
to the Raj (direct British government control)
 Sepoys: Indian soldiers
 Upset by a rumor that new cartridges for rifles would
use cow and pig fat
 Problem for the rebellion: the division between
Hindus and Muslims
 Film Study: Mangel Pandey, The Rising
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yXKbd5IDzU
Questions for viewing the
film
 1. Why is Mangal Pandey considered India’s first
national hero?
 2. What does Mangal Pandey mean when he says,
“We are all untouchables in our own land”?
 Untouchables: Lowest caste of Indian society
 3. What does Captain William Gordon warn will
happen if the British execute Mangal Pandey?
 Do you think imperialism exists today? Why or why
not? Give examples.
Japanese Imperialism
 Europeans were not the only imperialists
 Matthew Perry and the Treaty of Kanagawa (1854)
ends Japanese isolation and opens ports for trade
 Meiji emperor modernizes the country
 Industry, education, military buildup
 Becomes the strongest military power in Asia and
sought to control neighbors, especially Korea
Conflicts
 Sino-Japanese War (1895):
 Japan vs. China in Korea
 Results:
 Japan drives Chinese out of Korea, gains land in
Manchuria
 Gains colonies in Taiwan
 Russo-Japanese War (1905):
 Japan vs. Russia in Manchuria and Korea
 Results:
 Japan drives Russia out of Korea and holds Manchuria
Japan in Korea
 1905: Made Korea a protectorate
 1910: Annexed Korea, bringing them officially under
Japan’s control
 Forced Koreans to assimilate to Japanese culture
 Unfair treatment of Koreans leads to a strong
nationalist movement