New 7th Period Rules
 Cellphones/iPods – Unless you are explicitly told you can use one, if I
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see it, I will simply take it away
Tardies – If you are tardy 3 times, you get a detention
 Tardy means late to class – even if you ran to the bathroom/got a
drink/ran to your locker. It is no longer okay to ask me for
permission.
Laziness = a refusal to do any work (insubordination), which results in
a detention
Arguing a punishment (like an immature child) will double whatever
punishment you were given. If you have to be warned once, that’s
double. If you continue to argue, you will be removed and your
punishment will be tripled.
If you think a punishment is uncalled for and you have a valid reason,
you may submit a written appeal. I will not converse with you about
the issue.
Propaganda Techniques
HOW ARE WE
PERSUADED BY MEDIA?
 Check out this example from
Ethical Appeal
Based on the
authority/credibility of
the writer
Writer must convince
the audience of his/her
good character, good
sense, and good
motives
Created through known
experience, expertise,
credentials or
certification, polished
presentation of material
YouTube:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=RFStdNtTkNI
 Description:
 Dawn Saves Wildlife commercial;
implies that by purchasing Dawn, you
are being an ethical person because
you are taking part in saving wildlife
by giving your money to P&G
Emotional
Appeal
Uses emotion to
persuade
Attempt to persuade
by making
reader/listener feel
guilt, love, security,
greed, pity, humor,
etc.
Shown through vivid,
emotional language,
and sensory details
Sometimes
dangerous—when
used as the main
support for an
argument, they may
be masking weak
arguments
 Check out this example from
YouTube:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=RwhzbzZSAYg
 Description:
 Two Pedigree commercials conveying
two different types of emotions; the
first one is trying to go for a
sadness/ethical angle, while the 2nd
one is an uplifting commercial
 Check out this example from
Logical Appeal
Normally considered
most effective appeal
Based on the logic,
facts, and evidence,
which is usually
considered to be
most important to
readers/listeners
Shown through
details, statistics,
expert testimony of a
credible source,
facts, definitions,
witness statements
YouTube:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=cbXuW97l3DQ
 Description:
 Crest toothpaste commercial from the
1960’s which uses a lot of different
numbers and statistics, which usually
convinces people – as long as you don’t
ask the question, “Where did you get
these numbers?”
 Check out this example from
Euphemism
A euphemism is a
word or series of
words which replaces
sad, unpleasant or
shocking ideas with
softer and nicer
expressions. For
instance: “departure
from
life” is a euphemism
for “death”.
YouTube:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=BXndhAEcDjU
 Description:
 BMW commercial which gives
examples of euphemism
 Check out this example on iSpot.tv:
 http://www.ispot.tv/ad/75Br/hyund
Vernacular
The language or
speech of an ordinary
person in a particular
country or region
Attempts to appeal to
a specific group of
people – whether its
based on age or
locality
ai-loyalty-sousaphone
 Description:

Hyundai commercial featuring script
Ohio, which is an obvious attempt to
inspire Ohio residents by playing on our
assumed love of OSU football
 And this example on YouTube:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
wAw3vRQmxS8
 Description:

“COOL” Chuck – Chuck E. Cheese
commercial which is using the vernacular
of an age group to appeal to kids
 Check out this example from
Testimonial
This form of
propaganda uses a
famous or
important icon in
society to promote
a product.
TV commercials
and magazine ads
use the “hottest”
actor/actress at the
time to market
their products!
YouTube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=uDO9hP-xKL8
 Description:
 Nikon camera commercial featuring
one of Hollywood’s favorite actors,
Ashton Kutcher. If Ashton, a famous
millionaire, uses this camera, maybe I
should too!
 Check out this example from
Bandwagon
This persuasive
technique suggests
that “because
everyone else is
doing it, you
should too!”
JUMPING on the
bandwagon is
similar to peer
pressure in schools
today!
YouTube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=51krCuwx3bc
 Description:
 Texting: Everyone’s doing it right?
Well, in this commercial, so is your
grandma! This is a commercial that
represents how even people who aren’t
typically part of a trend are engaging in
the latest technology!
 Check out this example from
Plain Folk
This form of
propaganda is used
to relate to those
who are
considered
“everyday,
ordinary people.”
“Family time” and
“home” are
typically used for
plain folk
advertisements.
YouTube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=kzd5hPIVzAk
 Description:
 Coca Cola Commercial
 Check out this example from
Transfer
This propaganda
technique involves
using symbols that
“hit home” with a
large majority of
society. For
example: the
American Flag.
The purpose of this
form of propaganda
is to “transfer”
emotions from the
commercial/ad to
the person
watching/reading.
YouTube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=_PE5V4Uzobc
 Description:
 2012 Chrysler Super Bowl Commercial
 “America” is the strong word/symbol
that is used in this commercial.
 Check out this example from
Repetition
This form of
propaganda is just
what it sounds like–
repeating something
multiple times so
that the viewer will
eventually believe it.
Repetition is found
in a lot of political
speeches! For
example: Martin
Luther King Jr.’s “I
Have a Dream”
speech!
YouTube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=l-gQLqv9f4o
 Description:
 “DO SOMETHING!”
 The “Kid President” uses repetition to
enforce the importance of standing up
for what you believe in and do
something to help better the world.
 Check out this example from
Rhetorical
Question
It’s a question, but
you don’t actually
answer it
The question makes
a point of some kind
YouTube:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=Dtp_mq2fO24
 Description:
 A compilation of Geico “Rhetorical
Question” TV ads; the questions are
asked for humor and to emphasize the
point – OBVIOUSLY you can save 15%
by calling Geico
Use of Words/Phrases
Explicit
Implicit
 Saying what you want
 Finding a round-about,
to say flat out, no frills
 Example:
“I know you really want
to see About Time, but
can we see Thor
instead?”
less direct method of
saying what you want to
say
 Example:
“I am totally obsessed with
The Avengers. They’re
really awesome. You
know what… I think Thor
comes out this weekend?
Wouldn’t it be awesome
to see that?”
Use of Words/Phrases
Connotation
Denotation
 The commonly understood
 The actual dictionary
alternate meaning of a
word (Think: Idiom, kind
of)
Example:
I thought it was so slimy of
Michelle to ask out my
boyfriend the day after we
broke up.
(Slimy in this case doesn’t mean
covered in slime – it means
shady, weird, offensive, gross
– and we just understand that
meaning)

definition of a word

Example:
 “Slimy” adjective
covered by or having the
feel or consistency of
slime.
 Check out this example from
Either/or
fallacy
A technique used that
presents only two
options, even though
there are far more
options
“Either you vote for me,
or your taxes will go up”
“Either you buy this
product, or you’re not
good enough”
YouTube:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=S3UeS8RJqNk
 Description
 “Choosy moms (and) dads choose Jif”
tree house commercial , which: either
you buy Jif and care about your family,
or you don’t buy Jif and you don’t care
about your family
 Check out this example from
Overgeneralization
An extremely broad
assumption that may
or may not be
completely true
A statement is made
about something
(overall) when, in
reality, only a few
instances/facts
support what is being
said
YouTube:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=b4xw8dJkicI
 Description:
 “Handy Peel” infomercial, which
overgeneralizes the difficulties one
might face while peeling vegetables
Circular
Reasoning
Circular reasoning is an
attempt to support a
statement by simply
repeating the statement
in different or stronger
terms. In this fallacy, the
reason given is nothing
more than a restatement
of the conclusion that
poses as the reason for
the conclusion. To say,
“You should exercise
because it’s good for you”
is really saying, “You
should exercise because
you should exercise.”
Loaded
Language
“Loaded words and
phrases have strong
emotional implications
and involve strongly
positive or negative
reactions beyond their
literal meaning. For
example, the phrase
tax relief refers literally
to changes that reduce
the amount of tax
citizens must pay.
However, use of the
emotive word relief
implies that all tax is an
unreasonable burden
to begin with.”
(Wikipedia)
 Check out this example from
YouTube:
 http://www.ispot.tv/ad/7bN_/for
d-f-150-built-ford-tough-salesevent
 Description:
 Built Ford Tough sales event, in this
instance “TOUGH” is a loaded word.
What exactly does it mean? Minivans
promote “safe” while trucks promote
“tough”