Group 12
Stanley Andrews
Brandon Jefferson

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Wanted to incorporate more electrical and software design into the idea of the “Can Crusher”
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Use pneumatic cylinders (3 pneumatic cylinders in this project)
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Thought it would be something different from previous senior design projects

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Step 1: Can or water bottle is placed into the trash can. Can/Water bottle enters hopper and waits for it to be identified by the optical and reflective sensor.
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Step 2: Double acting cylinder pushes the object and sends it to the can crusher .
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Step 3: Sorter determines route of the object based on feedback from the sensors.
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Step 4: If object is a water bottle, it will be routed towards a push cylinder and crushed
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Step 5: If the object is an aluminum can, it will be routed towards a push cylinder and crushed
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Step 6: Push cylinder crushes the aluminum cans and water bottles and sends remains to the storage bin
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Step 7: Process continues until storage sensor alerts operator that storage bin is
90% filled.
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Step 8: Once storage reaches 90%. Can crusher goes into “Stop” mode. Items from storage bin, can then be removed.

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Fully automatic Can Crusher and Sorter
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Detect when an object is placed in the hopper
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Be able to distinguish between an aluminum can and a water bottle
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Sort the water bottle into a separate storage bin from the aluminum cans
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Detect when the storage bins are 90% full
• Will have three different modes “Standby”, “Operational
(Go)”, “Stop”

Full view of the Hopper Inside the Hopper

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Where the bottle and cans will be placed
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Be able to hold 8 FL oz. water bottle and
12oz. aluminum cans
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Two sensors are mounted to detect the object inside the hopper

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Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor
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Reflective Optical Sensor

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Part a) Sensor is sending a ultrasonic pulse but object is outside of operating distance
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Part b) Sensor facing object at a angle. Pulse is reflected at another angle
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Part c) Sensor is facing object on level plane but object is too small.
Will not reflect transmitted signal

PING Ultrasonic Sensor
Detector Type
Dimensions
Ultrasonic
16 x 46 x 22(mm)
2(cm)-3 (m) Peaking
Operating distance
Supply Current
Voltage
30 mA
5 V

Banner SM2A312LV
Detector Type Retro-reflective
Dimensions
Peak operating distance
66 x 12.2 x 30.7
(mm)
50mm – 2m
Output current Minimum of 5 mA
Voltage 24- 240 V AC
TCRT5000 Reflective Optical
Sensor
Detector type
Dimensions
Phototransistor
10.2 x 5.8 x
7(mm)
Peak operating distance
Output current
2.5 mm
1 mA
Emitter
Wavelength
Voltage
950 nm
5 V

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Get the best results (peak operating distance) at 2.5 mm
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One of the challenges will be to get it close enough to the object stored in the “hopper”

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We ask that all contents are empty
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All objects must be placed horizontally in the hopper
• By default system will be in “standby mode”, once an object is placed inside, the system will go into operational mode
•
If storage bin is full no objects will be crushed.

Hopper
Sensors
Pneumatic cylinder
Can
Crusher
Sorter
Storage bin
Hopper
Sensors
Pneumatic cylinder
Can
Crusher
Sorter
Storage bin

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The idea is called the “Swinging lid”
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Uses a pneumatic cylinder to be able to “swing” the lid and alter the objects path
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Routes Aluminum
Cans to proper bin
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Routes Water bottles to proper bin

Electric motors
Pros
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Uses Standard Outlet
•
Option to convert AC to DC
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Very Compact and small to maneuver and place anywhere
Cons
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Most motors only have one speed
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No way to speed up or slow down the project
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Very Expenses for high power motors
Air Compressor
Pros
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Uses a Standard Outlet
•
Able to adjust the air pressure
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Ability to control the speed of the motor by the PSI
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Option to convert AC to DC
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Not to expensive economy for the budget
•
Can use air solenoid valves that can control of a multiple operated air pressure components
Cons
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Tank will have to be refilled when low on air
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Will need multiple air hoses
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Very big hard and to hide and maneuver
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Very loud when filling up the tank

Horsepower (HP) 0.33 HP
Tank Capacity (Gallons) 2.0 Gal
Tank Type
Voltage
Amps (Amps)
Price
Portable
120 V
2.0 A
$99.99

DeWalt
Horsepower (HP)
Tank Capacity
(Gallons)
Tank Type
Voltage
1.6 HP
4.5 gal
Portable
120 V
Amps (Amps)
Max Pressure
Price
15.0 A
200 PSI
Free

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Two Mini cylinder
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Double Acting Cylinder (can crusher)

Kick-Door
Can Crusher
Sorter

Chamber Length
PSI
Cylinder Type
Mounted
Price
KevinKrusher II.0
6 1/2" minimum
60 -120
Double action
Vertical or
Horizontal
$157.00

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Double Action Stroke Pneumatic
Cylinder
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Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa
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Diameter: 8.5mm (Approx.)
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Thread Rod Diameter: 9mm
(Approx.)
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Size: 4.5 x 4.5 x 32cm
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Price $38.98

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Double Action
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Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa
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Diameter: 1- 1/16”
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Cylinder Type: Stainless Steel
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Rod Thread Length : 0.50 inches
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Price: $37.50 (each)

Type: 2 Position 5 way
Voltage:
Power
Current
Valve Fittings:
12V DC
2.5W
.208 Amps
1/8" BSPT
(British standard pipe tapered)
Total Needed
Price
3
$ 11.39 (each)

ATMega 328p
Operating Voltage 5 V
Input Voltage
(recommended)
Input Voltage
(limits)
7-12 V
6-20 V
Digital I/O Pins 14
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V 50 mA
Pin
Flash Memory
Clock Speed
32 KB
16
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Solenoids connected to
3 digital pins ( 8, 9, 10
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Ultrasonic Sensor &
TCRT5000 connected to 4 analog pins (A0,
A2, A3, A4)
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LEDS connected to 3 digital pins (5-7)

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Hopper (object detection)
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TCRT5000
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Ultrasonic Sensor
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Loop

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Two storage bins
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Aluminum Can and Water Bottle
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Each bin will have Parallax
Ultrasonic sensor
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Once storage reaches 90%. Can crusher goes into “Stop” mode

Trash Can Cabinet

• Standby Mode
• Default
• Stop Mode
• Operational mode

120 AC
Transformer
AC/DC
• Fuse
• Switch (On/Off)
Bridge Rectifier
+- 12V regulator
• +-5V regulator
12 V DC
• Air Solenoid (3)
5 V DC
• Microcontroller
• LEDs
• Sensors

Stanley Andrews
Sensors
Solenoids/ Cylinders
Printed Circuit Board
Brandon Jefferson
Power Supply
Microcontroller
Printed Circuit Board
Software Implementation Software
Implementation

Nomenclature
Optical Sensor
TCRT5000 Reflective
Sensor
Double Acting
Cylinder
Mini Cylinder
Air Solenoid
Air Valve Fittings
Air Valve Mufflers
LEDs
Development Board
Air Compressor
PCB
Air Regulator
Transfomer
Miscellaneous
Total Cost
Cost (each)
$29.99
$1.00
$37.50
$16.47
$11.39
$1.48
$1.19
$1.99-$3.50
$12
$99.99
$65.00
$19.99
$30.00
$1040
Number
3
10
2
1
1
5
1
1
1
14
8
1
4
Total Cost
95.35
$10.00
$38.46
$21.61
$57.54
$26.63
$15.05
$20.00
$14.78
Free
$65.00
21.18
$30.00
$140.00
$554.42

Research
Design
Prototype
Testing
Overall
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

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• Ambient light affecting the read out of the TCRT5000
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Manipulating the microcontroller to distinguish between a water bottle and aluminum can
• Water bottles not crushing
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Placement of how the object falls into the hopper affected if it was detected or not